吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2026, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (3): 653-661.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20240747

• 车辆工程·机械工程 • 上一篇    

螺栓组连接高精度变形状况及可靠性分析

郑智群1(),黄贤振1,2(),王钰平1,路至远1   

  1. 1.东北大学 机械工程与自动化学院，沈阳 110819
    2.东北大学 航空动力装备振动及控制教育部重点实验室，沈阳 110819
  • 收稿日期:2024-06-24 出版日期:2026-03-01 发布日期:2026-03-31
  • 通讯作者: 黄贤振 E-mail:807874475@qq.com;xzhhuang@mail.neu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:郑智群（1996-），男，博士研究生. 研究方向：螺栓连接性能及可靠性分析. E-mail： 807874475@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(U22B2087);国家自然科学基金项目(U23B2098);辽宁省应用基础研究计划项目(2023JH2/101300160)

High precision deformation condition and reliability analysis of bolt group connection

Zhi-qun ZHENG1(),Xian-zhen HUANG1,2(),Yu-ping WANG1,Zhi-yuan LU1   

  1. 1.School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation，Northeastern University，Shenyang 110819，China
    2.Key Laboratory of Vibration and Control of Aero?Propulsion Systems Ministry of Education of China，Northeastern University，Shenyang 110819，China
  • Received:2024-06-24 Online:2026-03-01 Published:2026-03-31
  • Contact: Xian-zhen HUANG E-mail:807874475@qq.com;xzhhuang@mail.neu.edu.cn

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摘要：

建立了螺栓组有限元模型，通过螺栓组固紧实验验证了有限元模型的准确性。以有限元方法分析了布置形式、预紧力、拧紧顺序对被连接件中心变形的影响。考虑螺栓组连接参数由于误差所具有的不确定性，利用蒙特卡洛模拟（Monte Carlo simulation，MCS）方法计算了被连接件变形可靠性。为了提高计算效率，基于本文有限元模型构建了代理模型，给出了变形可靠度计算的具体应用。结果表明：被连接件厚度增大，孔隙间距减小，固紧后其变形减小；固紧顺序影响变形过程；本文构建的代理模型具有准确性，当不确定性参数服从正态分布时，被连接件变形也近似服从正态分布。

关键词: 螺栓连接, 固紧变形, 代理模型, 可靠性分析

Abstract:

A finite element model of the bolt group was established， and its accuracy was verified through bolt group tightening experiments. The effects of arrangement pattern， preload， and tightening sequence on the deformation at the center of the connected parts were analyzed using the finite element method. Considering the uncertainty of bolt group connection parameters due to errors， the deformation reliability of the connected parts was calculated using the Monte Carlo simulation （MCS） method. To improve computational efficiency， a surrogate model was constructed based on the finite element model presented in this study， and specific applications for calculating deformation reliability were provided. The results indicate that the deformation of the connected parts after tightening is reduced when the thickness of the connected parts is increased and the hole spacing is decreased； the tightening sequence affects the deformation process； the surrogate model constructed in this study demonstrates accuracy； and when the uncertain parameters follow a normal distribution， the deformation of the connected parts also approximately follows a normal distribution.

Key words: bolt connection, tightening deformation, surrogate model, reliability analysis

中图分类号: 

  • TH131.3

图1

螺栓布置示意图"

图2

螺栓连接网格"

表1

材料属性"

参数数值
35CrMo304不锈钢
密度/（kg·m-3）7 9007 930
弹性模量/MPa206 075204 000
泊松比0.2860.285
许用应力/MPa228137

图3

固紧过程"

图4

网格无关化验证"

图5

固紧实验装置"

表2

实验结果对比"

预紧力/kN有限元应变值/μm实验测试应变值/μm相对偏差/%
1234均值
2.51551841351741441592.5
42472632522262382441.2
53163433153243093221.8
107447757387597647592

图6

螺栓孔间距对变形影响"

图7

被连接件厚度对变形影响"

图8

预紧力对变形影响"

图9

螺栓孔间距对变形影响"

表3

抽样样本参数"

参 数抽样上限抽样下限
被连接件厚度l/mm3020
x方向孔间距a/mm7525
y方向孔间距b/mm7525
螺栓I预紧力F1/kN12k8k
螺栓Ⅱ预紧力F2/kN12k8k
螺栓Ⅲ预紧力F3/kN12k8k
螺栓Ⅳ预紧力F4/kN12k8k

图10

代理模型结果对比"

表4

不确定性参数分布"

变量分布均值标准差变异系数
l/mm正态251.8750.075
a/mm正态503.750.075
b/mm正态503.750.075
F1/kN正态10k7500.075
F2/kN正态10k7500.075
F3/kN正态10k7500.075
F4/kN正态10k7500.075

图11

变形失效概率与累积概率分布"

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