船用柴油机废气再循环性能评估及应用

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20171245

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对增压柴油机废气再循环（EGR）性能评估问题，特别是“小样本”下的最优决策，提出了一种基于不等权优化的评估及决策方法。首先，在TBD234V12型相继增压柴油机上搭建高压废气再循环系统，采集柴油机缸内爆压、燃油消耗率、NO_x、CO及烟度等主要参数试验数据，建立最优关联分析模型，用来不同EGR方案的初步评价。其次，根据柴油机不同负荷工况，通过客观优化方法建立综合评价模型。最后，基于MATLAB GUIDE设计和建立了增压柴油机EGR性能综合评估及最优决策仿真平台。仿真结果表明：低负荷时小EGR率对应的综合评估值更高，因此宜采用较小EGR率；高负荷时，较低EGR率对应的综合评估值较低，较高EGR率获得了更高的评估值，但是过高的EGR率的综合评估值反而下降，因此不宜采用过高EGR率。仿真优化平台可以快捷、方便地解决增压柴油机EGR性能评估及最优决策问题。

关键词: 内燃机工程, 船用柴油机, 废气再循环, 性能评估, 最佳EGR率, 仿真优化平台

Abstract:

In view of EGR performance evaluation of turbocharged diesel engine, especially the optimal EGR rate under ‘small sample’, an optimization evaluation and decision?making method is proposed. First, the major test parameters including in?cylinder burst pressure, fuel consumption rate, NO_x, CO and smoke are selected based onTBD234V12 type turbocharged diesel engine with a high?pressure exhaust gas recirculation system to establish the optimal correlation analysis model for the preliminary evaluation of different EGR schemes. Second, according to different speed conditions of diesel engine, a comprehensive evaluation model is established using optimized objective evaluation method. Finally, a simulation optimization platform for comprehensive performance evaluation and optimal decision?making of EGR is designed and established using MATLAB GUIDE. The results show that When diesel engine is in low?speed conditions, low EGR rate corresponds to a higher comprehensive assessment value, so a smaller EGR rate should be adopted. When diesel engine is in high?speed conditions, the comprehensive assessment value corresponding to the lower EGR rate is lower, and the higher EGR rate obtains a higher assessment value. However, the evaluation value of overly high EGR rate decreases. This result is basically consistent with the current control principle of EGR; The simulation optimization platform can quickly and easily solve the EGR performance evaluation and optimal decision?making of turbocharged diesel engine.

Key words: internal?combustion engine engineering, marine diesel engine, exhaust gas recirculation, performance evaluation, optimal EGR rate, simulation optimization platform

中图分类号:

TK422

祖象欢,杨传雷,王贺春,王银燕. 船用柴油机废气再循环性能评估及应用[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2019, 49(3): 805-815.

Xiang⁃huan ZU,Chuan⁃lei YANG,He⁃chun WANG,Yin⁃yan WANG. Exhaust gas recirculation performance evaluation of marine diesel engine and its application[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2019, 49(3): 805-815.

图/表 9

表1

表2

图1

图2

表3

图3

表4

表5

表6

不同NOx权重的结果分析"

$η 3$	综合权重向量 $η 1 k$	综合评估值 $R$
0.26	[0.14420.15390.26000.23870.2032]	[0.82270.84780.81180.71620.6609]
0.28	[0.14030.14980.28000.23230.1977]	[0.81690.84420.81170.72080.6666]
0.3	[0.13640.14560.30000.22580.1922]	[0.81110.84060.81150.72540.6723]
0.32	[0.13250.14150.32000.21940.1867]	[0.81630.83740.80760.72490.6672]
0.34	[0.12860.13730.34000.21290.1812]	[0.79960.83340.81120.73470.6838]
0.36	[0.12470.13310.36000.20650.1757]	[0.79380.82970.81110.73930.6895]
0.38	[0.12080.12900.38000.20000.1702]	[0.78800.82610.81090.74400.6952]
0.40	[0.11690.12480.40000.19360.1647]	[0.78220.82250.81080.74860.7010]
0.45	[0.10720.11440.45000.17740.1510]	[0.76780.81350.81040.76020.7153]
0.50	[0.09740.10400.50000.16130.1373]	[0.75330.80450.81000.77180.7296]

表6

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项目	参数
标定功率/kW	444(1800 r/min)
缸径/mm×行程/mm	128×140
压缩比	15∶1
气缸排列方式	V型 12缸 60°夹角
燃烧室型式	直喷w型

测试仪器	测试参数
AVL AMA I60废气分析仪	柴油机排气中的NO_x、CO₂、CO、CH等废气成分体积浓度
Testo 350烟气分析仪	柴油机进气CO₂成分
439 CPACIMETER 不透光式烟度计	烟度测量
FC2210 智能油耗仪	柴油机燃油消耗量
SG880 水力测功器	转矩

OP	EGR率/%	燃油消耗率/ [g·(kW·h)^-1]	CO /10^-6	NO_x /10^-6	烟度 /m^-1	缸内最高燃烧压力 /MPa
op1	2.4	299.2	336.37	376.99	0.046	5.8001
	4.6	302.5	354.73	329.65	0.049	5.5583
	8.6	305.6	395.36	287.32	0.058	5.4671
	10.4	310.6	504.82	251.2	0.09	5.4318
	11.6	313.1	633.94	231.3	0.14	5.3094
op2	2.2	256.7	196.2	832.45	0.051	7.7996
	4.5	259.9	211.3	786.3	0.055	7.6176
	7.1	261.3	229.4	701.6	0.06	7.5171
	9.3	266.8	273.5	643.5	0.078	7.4105
	11.8	268.1	380.6	589.7	0.19	7.1965
op3	2.2	241.6	316.57	1104.5	0.063	7.2545
	4.6	242.7	335.53	1002.6	0.088	7.2108
	7.5	243.9	366.7	943.5	0.084	7.1393
	9.8	246.9	427.84	890.65	0.12	7.0167
	11.5	248.7	503.62	783.6	0.27	6.9568
op4	1.8	216.8	164.3	1399.8	0.056	9.0835
	4	217.9	169.9	1365.4	0.064	9.01549
	7.9	220.8	176.9	1240.6	0.078	8.8452
	9.1	224.5	190.4	1119	0.11	8.7263
	11.2	226.1	280.5	1086.4	0.25	8.5216
op5	1.7	214.7	286.53	1432	0.11	9.1568
	4.2	217.9	304.76	1351.6	0.13	9.0763
	7.4	218.2	329.89	1185	0.15	8.8016
	9.1	220.8	366.54	1069.4	0.21	8.7569
	11.8	224.3	426.71	994.2	0.33	8.5597
op6	1.6	199.8	156.4	2101	0.1	10.5505
	3.9	202.3	164.2	1894	0.13	10.4165
	7.5	205	172.2	1653	0.148	10.2256
	9.7	209.2	206	1521	0.165	10.0584
	11.1	212.2	312.3	1465	0.32	9.8568

X_max	299.2	5.3094	251.2	0.046	336.37
X1	299.2	336.37	376.99	0.046	5.8001
X2	302.5	354.73	329.65	0.049	5.5583
X3	305.6	395.36	287.32	0.058	5.4671
X4	310.6	504.82	251.2	0.09	5.4318
X5	313.1	633.94	231.3	0.14	5.3094

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