混合动力汽车电池性能影响因素分析与试验

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20180354

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以某混合动力电动汽车软包锂电池为对象，试验研究了温度和荷电状态（SOC）对电池容量、直流内阻、开路电压的影响规律，分析了电池使用寿命的影响因素。对大批量锂电池性能参数进行数理统计分析，研究了电池性能参数的一致性和相关性。研究结果表明：温度过高过低都会引起电池内阻增大和电池容量下降，从而降低电池寿命。SOC过高、过低同样会引起电池内阻增大，开路电压剧烈变化，不仅降低电池寿命还会削弱电池使用效率。批量电池性能参数存在一定相关性，其一致性受电池数量的影响较大。电池数量、使用温度和SOC使用范围的优化不仅可改善汽车动力性能，还能显著提高混合动力电动汽车使用寿命。

关键词: 车辆工程, 电池容量, 直流内阻, 开路电压, 电池寿命

Abstract:

Taking a lithium pouch battery of a hybrid electric vehicle as the research object, the influences of temperature and State of Charge (SOC) on battery capacity, DC internal resistance and open-circuit voltage were experimentally studied. Also the factors influencing the battery life were analyzed. The performance parameters of a large number of lithium batteries were statistically tested, the consistency and correlation of the battery performance parameters were investigated. Experimental results show that over high or over low temperature could lead to an increase in battery resistance and a decrease in battery capacity, which reduces battery life. Excessively low SOC can also cause the increase of internal resistance of the battery and the drastic change of open-circuit voltage, which not only reduces the battery life, but also weakens the efficiency of the battery. There is a certain correlation between the performance parameters of the batch battery, and its consistency is greatly influenced by the number of batteries. The optimization of the number of batteries, the use of temperature and the SOC not only improves the dynamic performance, but also significantly improves the service life of the hybrid electric vehicle.

Key words: vehicle engineering, battery capacity, direct current resistance, open circuit voltage, battery life

中图分类号:

U469.72

范光辉,余剑武,罗红,李鑫,张亚飞. 混合动力汽车电池性能影响因素分析与试验[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2019, 49(5): 1451-1458.

Guang-hui FAN,Jian-wu YU,Hong LUO,Xin LI,Ya-fei ZHANG. Influencing factors analysis and experimental study of battery performances in hybrid electric vehicle[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2019, 49(5): 1451-1458.

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项目	标准
标称容量/(A·h)	32
容量范围/(A·h)	31~33
标称电压/V	2.2
交流内阻/mΩ	≤1
充电截止电压/V	2.8±0.05
充电截止电流/A	0.01
放电截至电压/V	2.5
循环寿命/次	8000
最大持续放电电流/A	9
5 s脉冲放电电流/A	320
充电工作温度/℃	0~55
放电工作温度/℃	-20~60
储存温度/℃	-20~45
电池重量/g	860±20

随机变量	电池参数	相关系数	相关性
x_i	电池容量	C_xy	x_iy_i相关性
y_i	直流内阻	C_xz	x_iz_i相关性
z_i	开路电压	C_yz	y_iz_i相关性

参数	电池容量/(mA·h)	直流内阻/mΩ	开路电压/mV
均值	32352	0.456	2229
标准差	210.8	0.041 4	1.309
标准误差/%	0.65	9.08	0.59