基于鱼群优化算法的有轨电车用燃料电池混合动力系统参数配置

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20220266

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为满足燃料电池混合动力有轨电车的动力性能和容载性能需求，提出了一种基于鱼群优化算法的参数配置方法。基于有轨电车动力学模型，完成了3种行驶状态下的牵引力计算。选择了燃料电池/锂电池/超级电容混合动力系统，建立了以系统体积和质量最小为目标的多目标函数，通过鱼群优化算法求解燃料电池、锂电池和超级电容的配置数量，进行了参数配置结果分析和动力性能验证。结果表明：本文方法与粒子群方法相比，收敛速度更快、体积和质量更小、功率密度和能量密度更高，充分利用了各动力源的传输优点，能够保证有轨电车动力充足地行驶。

关键词: 燃料电池混合动力系统, 有轨电车, 参数配置, 鱼群算法

Abstract:

In order to meet the requirements of the power performance and load capacity of the fuel cell hybrid electric tram， a parameter configuration method based on the fish swarm optimization algorithm was proposed. Based on the tram dynamics model， the traction calculation under three driving states is completed， the fuel cell/lithium battery/supercapacitor hybrid power system is selected， and the multi-objective function with the smallest system volume and mass is established. The algorithm solves the configuration number of fuel cells， lithium batteries and super capacitors， and analyzes the parameter configuration results and the dynamic performance verification. The results show that compared with the particle swarm method， the method proposed in this paper has faster convergence speed， smaller volume and mass， higher power density and energy density， and makes full use of the transmission advantages of each power source to ensure the stable operation of trams.

Key words: fuel cell hybrid system, tram, parameter configuration, fish swarm algorithm

中图分类号:

TM911.4

刘继宗,吴小平,孔维华. 基于鱼群优化算法的有轨电车用燃料电池混合动力系统参数配置[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2022, 52(9): 2004-2013.

Ji-zong LIU,Xiao-ping WU,Wei-hua KONG. Parameter configuration of fuel cell hybrid system for tram based on fish swarm optimization algorithm[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2022, 52(9): 2004-2013.

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参数	取值	参数	取值
整车质量/t	58	载重/t	21
最大运行速度/ （km·h^-1）	70	最大坡度角/%	6
最大坡度速度/（km·h^-1）	30	重力加速度/（m·s^-2）	9.8
最大加速度/（m·s^-2）	0.9	A_w	2.91
临界速度/（km·h^-1）	30	B_w	0.091
传动系统效率	0.95	C_w	0.000 775
牵引逆变器效率	0.93	惯性质量系数	0.1
电机效率	0.9

行驶状态	行驶时间/s	牵引功率/kW	牵引能耗/kJ
Case1	52.2	240.63	12 500
Case2	120.6	537.70	65 240
Case3	32.4	874.50	24 300.5

参数	取值	参数	取值
总功率/kW	200	质量/kg	1000
工作电压/V	450~680	体积/mm³	2000×2000×650
最大电流/A	600

参数	锂电池	超级电容
额定电压/V	3.7	48
额定容量	10 A·h	165 F
内阻/mΩ	1.5	6.3
最大持续电流/A	120	100
电池质量/kg	0.3	13.9
电池体积/mm³	203×127×6	418×194×179

类型	数量/个	质量/kg	体积/m³
燃料电池	2	2000	5.2
锂电池	565	169.5	0.0876
超级电容	143	1987.7	2.076