吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (10): 3423-3428.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20240096

• 农业工程·仿生工程 • 上一篇    

冻黏系统中非金属基底对结冰黏附强度的影响

金敬福1,2(),代雨1,2,王家旭1,2,闻秀华1,2,陈奕颖1,3,陈廷坤1,2,4,5()   

  1. 1.吉林大学 生物与农业工程学院，长春 130022
    2.吉林大学 工程仿生教育部重点实验室，长春 130022
    3.吉林建筑大学 土木工程学院，长春 130022
    4.结冰与防除冰重点实验室，四川 绵阳 621000
    5.四川省全电通航飞行器关键技术工程研究中心，四川 广汉 618307
  • 收稿日期:2024-01-25 出版日期:2025-10-01 发布日期:2026-02-03
  • 通讯作者: 陈廷坤 E-mail:jinjingfu@jlu.edu.cn;chentk@jlu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:金敬福（1978-），男，教授，博士. 研究方向：工程仿生学及表面与界面效应分析. E-mail： jinjingfu@jlu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    结冰与防除冰重点实验室开放课题项目(IADL20230104);国家自然科学基金青年项目(52205309);吉林省科技厅项目(20220101215JC);吉林大学研究生创新基金项目(2024CX213);四川省全电通航飞行器关键技术工程研究中心开放课题项目(CAFUC202401KF001)

Influence of non-metallic materials in freezing adhesion system on shear ice adhesion strength

Jing-fu JIN1,2(),Yu DAI1,2,Jia-xu WANG1,2,Xiu-hua WEN1,2,Yi-ying CHEN1,3,Ting-kun CHEN1,2,4,5()   

  1. 1.College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering，Jilin University，Changchun 130022，China
    2.Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering，Ministry of Education，Jilin University，Changchun 130022，China
    3.School of Civil Engineering，Jilin Jianzhu University，Changchun 130118，China
    4.Key Laboratory of Icing and Anti/De-icing，Mianyang 621000，China
    5.Sichuan Key Technology Engineering Research Center for All-electric Navigable Aircraft，Guanghan 618307，China
  • Received:2024-01-25 Online:2025-10-01 Published:2026-02-03
  • Contact: Ting-kun CHEN E-mail:jinjingfu@jlu.edu.cn;chentk@jlu.edu.cn

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摘要：

本文选用聚四氟乙烯、聚氨酯、聚丙烯、聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯4种非金属材料作为黏附基底，研究不同非金属基底材料对切向结冰黏附强度的影响。首先，测量不同非金属基底表面的静态接触角及表面硬度；其次，利用自制试验装置，在-20 ℃环境下，测量5 mL附着水冻结1 h后的切向结冰黏附强度。试验结果表明：覆冰在4种非金属基底表面的切向结冰黏附强度分别为82.89、45.26、99.53、151.27 kPa。4种非金属材料表面的切向结冰黏附强度与表面润湿性不存在线性关系，但与材料硬度呈正线性相关。分析认为，水在材料表面冻结过程中发生相变膨胀现象；在低温环境下，低硬度材料遇冷易收缩。在冰-固黏附系统中，与覆冰接触的材料表面产生微变形，该变形会干扰冰与基底之间黏附界面的稳定性，降低冰在非金属基底表面的切向结冰黏附强度。本文可为工程领域中防/除冰技术开发与优化提供理论支持，尤其为待防/除冰部件中非金属材料的选择提供参考。

关键词: 结冰黏附, 非金属材料, 切向结冰黏附强度, 表面特性, 相变, 界面稳定性

Abstract:

In this paper， four non-metallic materials， polytetrafluoroethylene， polyurethane， polypropylene， polymethyl methacrylate， were selected as adhesion substrates to study the effect of different non-metallic substrate materials on shear ice adhesion strength. Firstly， the static contact angle of the non-metallic substrate surfaces and the surface hardness of different substrates were measured； secondly the shear ice adhesion strength of 5 mL of water frozen at -20 °C for 1 h was measured by a self-made experiment device. The test results showed that the shear ice adhesion strengths on the four non-metallic substrate surfaces were 82.89， 45.26， 99.53， 151.27 kPa， respectively. The shear ice adhesion strength on the non-metallic substrate surface was not linearly to surface wettability， but positively linearly related to the hardness. It was found that the water attached to the substrate surface could undergo phase transformation during the freezing process； in low-temperature environments， low-hardness materials could be prone to shrinkage when exposed to cold. In anice-solid adhesion system， the micro-deformation would occur on the substrate surface in contact with the accreted ice. This deformation interferes with the stability of the adhesion interface between the ice and the substrate. Hence， the shear ice adhesion strength on the non-metallic substrate surface would be reduced. This paper could provide theoretical support for the development and optimization of the anti/de-icing method in the engineering field， especially for the selection of non-metallic materials in the components to be anti/de-iced.

Key words: ice adhesion, non-metallic material, shear ice adhesion strength, surface property, phase transformation, interface stability

中图分类号: 

  • TB131

图1

材料表面接触角测量仪"

图2

切向结冰黏附强度测量装置"

图3

非金属材料表面的静态接触角"

表1

4种非金属材料的硬度及弹性模量"

材料硬度/HD

弹性模量/

103 MPa

线膨胀系数/

10-5 ℃-1

PTFE660.410~12
PU410.005 5~0.007 415.1~17.4
PP791.2~1.610.8~11.2
PMMA8235~6

图4

不同非金属材料表面的切向结冰黏附强度"

图5

附着水在PMMA基底表面的冻结过程"

图6

低温环境下非金属材料基底对切向结冰黏附强度的影响"

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