基于能量合理分配的外包U型钢-混凝土组合护栏防撞性能

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20240069

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对现有混凝土刚性护栏吸能、缓冲能力不佳的问题，提出一种装配泡沫铝的外包U型钢-混凝土新型组合护栏。利用ABAQUS建立护栏-车辆碰撞耦合系统，模拟49 t载重货车碰撞护栏过程，并对护栏的导向功能、缓冲功能、吸能功能进行分析。有限元分析结果表明：装配泡沫铝的外包U型钢-混凝土新型组合护栏与现有普通混凝土护栏相比，其极限强度显著提升。同时，货车碰撞护栏的过程中载重货车未跨越护栏，新型组合护栏导向性好；驾驶员位置处横向加速度与纵向加速度均小于200 m/s²；新型组合护栏防护能量达431 kJ，冲击效率为91.25%，装配泡沫铝的外包U型钢-混凝土新型组合护栏结构具备较好的吸能缓冲效果，可降低乘员伤害程度，具有较好的防撞性能，能有效提高乘车安全性，可为混凝土护栏吸能设计提供参考。

关键词: 交通运输系统工程, 外包U型钢-混凝土护栏, 碰撞仿真, 防撞性能, 吸能

Abstract:

In view of the poor energy absorption and buffering capacity of existing concrete rigid guardrails， a new type of composite guardrail with U-shaped steel and concrete encased by foam aluminum is proposed. Using ABAQUS to establish a guardrail vehicle collision coupling system， simulate the collision process of a 49 t heavy-duty truck with a guardrail， and analyze the guiding function， buffering function， and energy absorption function of the guardrail. The results of finite element analysis show that the ultimate strength of the new composite guardrail with wrapped U-shaped steel and concrete assembled with foam aluminum is significantly improved compared with the existing ordinary concrete guardrail. At the same time， during the collision of the truck with the guardrail， the loaded truck did not cross the guardrail， and the new combination guardrail has good guidance performance； the lateral acceleration and longitudinal acceleration at the driver's position are both less than 200 m/s²； the protection energy of the new composite guardrail is 431 kJ， and the impact efficiency is 91.25%. The new composite guardrail structure of wrapped U-shaped steel concrete with foam aluminum has a good energy absorption and cushioning effect， which can reduce the degree of injury to passengers， has a good anti-collision performance， can effectively improve the safety of riding， and can provide a reference for the energy absorption design of concrete guardrails.

Key words: engineering of communication and transportation system, outsourcing U-shaped steel-concrete guardrail, collision simulation, collision resistance performance, energy absorption

中图分类号:

U417.1

穆长儒,徐亮,程国柱. 基于能量合理分配的外包U型钢-混凝土组合护栏防撞性能[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2025, 55(8): 2669-2680.

Chang-ru MU,Liang XU,Guo-zhu CHENG. Collision prevention performance of outsourced U-shaped steel concrete composite guardrail based on reasonable energy allocation[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2025, 55(8): 2669-2680.

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弹性模量	泊松比	压缩力学行为		压缩损伤
31 000	0.2	拉伸应力/MPa	非弹性应变	拉伸损伤	非弹性应变
		1.30E+01	0	0	0
		2.15E+01	8.30E-04	3.06E-01	8.30E-04
		1.88E+01	6.81E-03	4.90E-01	6.81E-03
		1.51E+01	2.75E-03	6.13E-01	2.75E-03
		1.23E+01	3.70E-03	6.93E-01	3.70E-03
		1.03E+01	4.62E-03	7.48E-01	4.62E-03
		8.83E+00	5.52E-03	7.87E-01	5.52E-03
		7.72E+00	6.40E-03	8.17E-01	6.40E-03
		6.17E+00	8.15E-03	8.57E-01	8.15E-03
		3.50E+00	1.49E-02	9.27E-01	1.49E-02

弹性模量	泊松比	拉伸力学行为		拉伸损伤
31 000	0.2	拉伸应力 /MPa	开裂应变	拉伸损伤	开裂应变
		2.9	0	0	0
		1.94E+00	6.62E-05	3.81E-01	6.62E-05
		1.30E+00	1.23E-04	6.17E-01	1.23E-04
		8.73E-01	1.73E-04	7.63E-01	1.73E-04
		5.86E-01	2.20E-04	8.53E-01	2.20E-04
		3.92E-01	2.65E-04	9.09E-01	2.65E-04
		2.63E-01	3.08E-04	9.44E-01	3.08E-04
		1.76E-01	3.51E-04	9.65E-01	3.51E-04
		1.18E-01	3.94E-04	9.79E-01	3.94E-04
		7.92E-02	4.38E-04	9.87E-01	4.38E-04
		5.31E-02	4.82E-04	9.92E-01	4.82E-04

弹性模量/Mpa	泊松比	屈服应力	塑性应变
210 000	0.3	345	0.0
210 000	0.3	350	0.1