伪随机源直升机航空电磁宽频低噪接收优化设计

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20211364

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对200 kHz高频码元伪随机发射源，综合考虑灵敏度、信噪比等因素，在噪声水平低至4.86 nT/s前提下，将空心线圈传感器谐振频率提升至150 kHz以上；接收机基于PXIe总线，可实现三分量电磁数据、发射电流及辅助信息收录，采样率最高可达1.25 MHz，动态范围为112.6 dB。通过复合时间戳整合多通道信号、改进的多信息单文件存储方式，实现了大数据量下的多信息可靠存储，与传统的CHTEM-Ⅱ航空电磁收录系统相比，吞吐量提升了8倍。多种性能指标测试结果证明本文接收系统具有较高的完成度。

关键词: 测试计量技术及仪器, 直升机航空电磁法, m序列, 宽频低噪空心线圈传感器, 高采样率接收机

Abstract:

In this paper， aiming at the pseudo-random transmitting current of 200 kHz clock frequency， comprehensively considering factors such as sensitivity， signal-to-noise ratio， the resonant frequency of the air-core coil sensor is increased to above 150 kHz when the noise level is as low as 4.86 nT/s； The receiver is based on the PXIe bus， which can realize the acquisition of three-component electromagnetic data， transmitting current and various auxiliary information. The sampling rate can reach up to 1.25 MHz， and the dynamic range is 112.6 dB. Through the integration of multi-channel signals， improved multi-information single-file storage method and data storage protocols through composite time stamping， reliable multi-information storage under massive data is realized. Compared with the CHTEM-Ⅱ airborne electromagnetic recording system， the throughput is up to 6 times. The test results of various performance indicators prove that the receiving system has a high degree of completion.

Key words: measuring and testing technologies and instruments, helicopter-borne electromagnetic method, m-sequence, broadband low-noise air-core coil sensor, high sampling rate receiver

中图分类号:

TH763

王言章,刘明,张嘉霖,朱凯光,邓守鹏,王世隆. 伪随机源直升机航空电磁宽频低噪接收优化设计[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(10): 2982-2993.

Yan-zhang WANG,Ming LIU,Jia-lin ZHANG,Kai-guang ZHU,Shou-peng DENG,Shi-long WANG. Optimization design of broadband and low noise receiving for helicopter⁃borne electromagnetic method with pseudo⁃random coded waveforms[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2023, 53(10): 2982-2993.

图/表 27

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表1

空心线圈传感器参数"

参数	符号	参数值
线圈段数	s	4
总匝数	n	40
平均直径	D	515.5 mm
导线直径	d	1.5 mm
绕线电阻率	$ρ r$	$1.86 × 10 - 8 ? Ω ? m$
线槽宽度	e	6 mm
线圈内阻	r	2.135 Ω
线圈电感	L	1.24 mH
分布电容	C	850 pF
增益	G	641
放大器	U₁，U₂，U₃	AD797B，AD797B，THS4131
电阻	R₁，R_g，R₃，R₅，R_t₁	220 Ω，10 Ω，330 Ω，4.7 kΩ，1 kΩ

表1

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参考文献 20

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指标	值
采样率	1.25 MHz
分辨率	24位
通道数	6
量程	±10 V
动态范围	≥110 dB

环节	带宽或写入速率	备注
PXI总线	132 MB/s	并行
PXIe总线	2.5 Gb/s	串行每通道
内存	2400 MT/s	DDR4 2133 MHz
USB 3.0	5.0 Gb/s	/
SATA 3.0	6 Gb/s	/
外置硬盘盒	520 MB/s	主控芯片ASM
SATA机械硬盘	100~150 MB/s	5 400 r/min
SATA固态硬盘	≥450 MB/s	TLC

数据类型	存盘间隔/s	报错时已运行时间
DBL	1	0：13：45
DBL	2	0：44：38
I32	1	3：33：22
I32	2	3：37：31
I32	0.25	1：57：49
I32	0.5	2：21：34
U32	2	2：06：15
U8	2	0：00：24

品牌型号	写入速度/（MB·s^-1）	可靠工作时长/h
金士顿 UV500	500	>8
金士顿 A400S37	450	>8
云存 GDS25	480	>8
三星 870EVO	530	>8

参数	值
码元频率	99 949 Hz
阶数	7
边沿时间	4.0 ns