不规则Y形铝型材多点拉弯成形截面变形分析

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20220188

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了提高型材多点拉弯成形后的成形质量，基于ABAQUS有限元模拟了不规则Y形铝型材多点拉弯成形中截面变形规律。首先，通过控制变量法探究了不同工艺参数（模具数、弯曲半径、预拉伸量、补拉伸量和摩擦因数）对制件截面变形分布的影响规律。其次，为了综合考虑各工艺参数间的相互作用，结合正交试验分析进一步探究了各工艺参数对制件最大截面变形的影响程度。结果显示，补拉伸量变化时，截面宽度变形最大值为1.58 mm，最小值为1.06 mm，其变化幅度为49.1%；截面高度变形最大值为1.25 mm，最小值为0.77 mm，其变化幅度为62.3%，即补拉伸量对截面变形的影响最大。最后，综合分析后确定多点拉弯最优成形方案，并通过模拟和试验验证了该成形方案的可行性，从而极大地提高制件的成形质量。

关键词: 多点拉弯, 截面变形, 控制变量法, 工艺参数, 正交试验

Abstract:

In order to improve the forming quality after multi-point stretch bending of profile， from the perspective of the section deformation， based on ABAQUS finite element simulation， after the multi-point stretch bending of irregular Y-shaped aluminum profile， firstly， the influence law of different process parameters （number of dies， bending radius， pre-stretching amount， pro-stretching amount and friction coefficient） on the section deformation distribution of the workpiece is explored by means of the control variable method. Secondly， in order to comprehensively consider the interaction between the process parameters， combined with the orthogonal test analysis， the primary and secondary relationship of the influence of various process parameters on the maximum section deformation of the workpiece is further explored. The results show that when the pro-stretching amount changes， the maximum value of section width deformation is 1.58 mm， the minimum value is 1.06 mm， the variation range is 49.1%； the maximum value of section height deformation is 1.25 mm， the minimum value is 0.77 mm， and the variation range is 62.3%， that is， the pro-stretching amount has the greatest influence on the section deformation. Finally， the optimal forming scheme of multi-point stretch bending is determined after comprehensive analysis， and the feasibility of the forming scheme is verified by simulation and experiment， which greatly improves the forming quality of the parts.

Key words: multi-point stretch-bending, section deformation, control variable method, process parameters, orthogonal test

中图分类号:

TG356

李义,吕晨阳,梁继才,梁策. 不规则Y形铝型材多点拉弯成形截面变形分析[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2024, 54(1): 105-113.

Yi LI,Chen-yang LYU,Ji-cai LIANG,Ce LIANG. Section deformation analysis of irregular Y-shaped aluminum profile of multi-point stretch-bending process[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2024, 54(1): 105-113.

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试验序号	N	R	δ_pre	δ_pro	f	ΔW（max）	ΔH（max）
1	5	8 000	0.6%	0.6%	0.05	1.275 989 9	0.624 852 6
2	5	10 000	0.9%	0.9%	0.10	1.335 299 1	0.851 390 1
3	5	12 000	1.2%	1.2%	0.15	1.380 117 9	1.097 135 6
4	5	14 000	1.5%	1.5%	0.20	1.744 507 1	1.369 503 0
5	10	8 000	0.9%	1.2%	0.20	1.536 731 3	1.189 722 0
6	10	10 000	0.6%	1.5%	0.15	1.428 677 3	1.113 647 9
7	10	12 000	1.5%	0.6%	0.10	1.211 710 2	0.878 601 5
8	10	14 000	1.2%	0.9%	0.05	1.079 444 0	0.825 863 5
9	15	8 000	1.2%	1.5%	0.10	1.754 521 0	1.372 535 8
10	15	10 000	1.5%	1.2%	0.05	1.418 281 4	1.114 237 6
11	15	12 000	0.6%	0.9%	0.20	0.994 338 7	0.709 772 5
12	15	14 000	0.9%	0.6%	0.15	0.896 208 9	0.676 958 7
13	20	8000	1.5%	0.9%	0.15	1.685 531 5	1.204 549 3
14	20	10 000	1.2%	0.6%	0.20	1.380 278 7	0.926 958 7
15	20	12 000	0.9%	1.5%	0.05	1.356 251 1	1.077 590 6
16	20	14 000	0.6%	1.2%	0.10	1.051 137 3	0.827 632 7
k₁	1.434	1.563	1.188	1.191	1.282
k₂	1.314	1.391	1.281	1.274	1.338
k₃	1.266	1.236	1.389	1.347	1.348
k₄	1.369	1.193	1.515	1.571	1.414
R_Δ_W	0.168	0.370	0.327	0.380	0.132
k₁	1.016	1.100	0.821	0.779	0.913
k₂	1.002	1.004	0.951	0.900	0.985
k₃	0.968	0.966	1.081	1，082	1.048
k₄	1.009	0.925	1.142	1.233	1.049
R_Δ_H	0.048	0.175	0.321	0.454	0.136