吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2024, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (3): 641-649.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20220563

• 车辆工程·机械工程 • 上一篇    

基于喷雾冷却的发动机排气系统减阻

张成春1,2(),辛振涛1,2,于海3(),吴玉峰4,孙潇伟1,2,杜天宇1,2   

  1. 1.吉林大学 工程仿生教育部重点实验室, 长春 130022
    2.吉林大学 威海仿生研究院, 山东 威海 264402
    3.威海市科技创新与发展中心, 山东 威海 264200
    4.中国北方车辆研究所, 北京 100086
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-12 出版日期:2024-03-01 发布日期:2024-04-18
  • 通讯作者: 于海 E-mail:jluzcc@jlu.edu.cn;whkjj@126.com
  • 作者简介:张成春（1976-），男，教授，博士.研究方向：仿生流动控制.E-mail：jluzcc@jlu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2018YFA0703300);国家自然科学基金项目(51875243)

Drag reduction of engine exhaust system based on spray cooling

Cheng-chun ZHANG1,2(),Zhen-tao XIN1,2,Hai YU3(),Yu-feng WU4,Xiao-wei SUN1,2,Tian-yu DU1,2   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Bionic Engineering，Ministry of Education，Jilin University，Changchun 130022，China
    2.Weihai Institute for Bionics，Jilin University，Weihai 264402，China
    3.WeiHai Science and Technology Innovation and Development Center，Weihai 264200，China
    4.China North Vehicle Research Institute，Bejing 100086，China
  • Received:2022-05-12 Online:2024-03-01 Published:2024-04-18
  • Contact: Hai YU E-mail:jluzcc@jlu.edu.cn;whkjj@126.com

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摘要：

采用电加热喷雾冷却减阻试验台，系统研究了喷雾流量、喷雾倾角、气流温度、气流速度影响发动机排气系统减阻性能的规律；采用基于离散相模型（DPM）的数值模拟，阐释了喷雾冷却大幅降低排气阻力的原因。研究结果表明：喷雾流量为12~24 mL/s时，减阻率随喷雾流量的增加而增大；喷雾倾角由45°增加至90°时，减阻率先保持不变后减小，45°和60°喷雾倾角时的减阻效果均为最佳；气流温度为200~300 ℃时，随着气流温度的升高，减阻率呈增大趋势；气流速度由20 m/s增大至30 m/s时，减阻率逐渐下降。排气系统喷雾后阻力大幅度减小的原因是喷雾后气流速度降低，湍流强度降低，局部阻力和摩擦阻力显著减小。

关键词: 流体力学, 排气系统, 喷雾冷却, 减阻

Abstract:

The electric heating spray cooling drag reduction test bench was used to systematically study the influence of spray flow rate， spray inclination angle， airflow temperature， and airflow speed on the drag reduction performance of the engine exhaust system. The reason why spray cooling can significantly reduce drag was revealed by DPM-based numerical simulation. The research results show that the drag reduction rate increases with the spray flow rate when the spray flow rate is between 12 mL/s and 24 mL/s. When the spray inclination angle is increased from 45° to 90°， the drag reduction first remains unchanged and then decreases. The drag reduction effect of 45° and 60° spray inclination is the best. When the airflow temperature is between 200 ℃ and 300 ℃， the drag reduction rate increases with the airflow temperature. The drag reduction rate decreases gradually when the airflow velocity increases from 20 m/s to 30 m/s. The reason for the significant reduction in the drag of the exhaust system after spraying is that the airflow velocity reduces， the turbulent intensity reduces， and the local and frictional drag reduces.

Key words: fluid mechanics, exhaust system, spray cooling, drag reduction

中图分类号: 

  • V228.7

图1

喷雾减阻试验台"

图2

试验台组成子系统"

图3

喷雾示意图"

表1

影响因素水平具体数值"

水平因素
喷雾流量/（mL·s-1）喷雾倾角/（°）气流速度/（m·s-1）

气流温度/

℃

1124520200
2186025250
3247530300
4-90--

图4

喷雾过程排气系统阻力及出口温度随时间变化"

图5

气流温度为200 ℃时不同流速条件下喷雾流量以及喷雾倾角对排气系统减阻的影响"

图6

气流温度为250 ℃时不同流速条件下喷雾流量以及喷雾倾角对排气系统减阻的影响"

图7

气流温度300 ℃时不同流速条件下喷雾流量以及喷雾倾角对排气系统减阻的影响"

图8

计算域模型"

图9

计算域网格"

表2

不同尺度网格计算结果"

网格数量/万计算结果/Pa结果变化量/%
1606403
4816221
744628-

图10

喷雾后排气系统温度分布云图"

图11

排气系统静压分布云图"

图12

湍动能分布云图"

图13

壁面剪切力云图"

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