Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition) ›› 2023, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (5): 1514-1528.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20210931

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Design and experiment of side row cotton straw returning and residual film recovery combined machine

Si-lin CAO1,2(),Jian-hua XIE1,3(),Yu-xin YANG1,Yong-rui LIU2,Yong-tao LU2,Bo SUN2   

  1. 1.College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering，Xinjiang Agricultural University，Urumqi 830052，China
    2.Mechanical Equipment Research Institute，Xinjiang Academy of Land Reclamation Sciences，Shihezi 832011，China
    3.Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Equipment，Urumqi 830052，China
  • Received:2021-09-15 Online:2023-05-01 Published:2023-05-25
  • Contact: Jian-hua XIE E-mail:125489233@qq.com;xjh199032@163.com

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Abstract:

In order to meet the needs of 'containing increments' of residual film pollution control in Xinjiang cotton areas， and improve the problems of high power consumption， large dust， low residual film recovery rate， short unloading distance and poor separation effect of membrane stalk in the residual film recovery machine after autumn， a combined operation machine of side row cotton straw returning and residual film recovery was designed. At the same time， many operations were completed such as crushing cotton straw side returning， picking residual film， separating membrane miscellaneous， collecting and compressing， unloading and accumulation. The crushed cotton straw were transmitted to the membrane junction line by spiral stirrer. The depth limit roller was used to imitate the ground to ensure the stability of the stubble height and achieve the stability of the depth of the residual film pickup spring tooth into the soil. In the process of picking up residual films， wind cleaning was used to realize secondary cleaning in the process of picking up residual film and reduce the impurity rate of residual film after recycling. The recovered residual film was compacted by conveying device to improve the loading capacity. The main working parts were designed and analyzed， the functional principle of picking， unloading and compressing residual film were expounded，and the structure and working parameters of the main parts were determined. The response surface test of three factors and three levels was designed by using Design-Expert software. The results showed that the optimum operating parameters of the machine were as follows： the operating speed of the machine was 1.09 m/s， the stubble height was 9.37 cm， the depth of the spring-tooth into the soil was 4.07 cm， and the of cotton straw crushing qualified rate， the film picking up rate and the residual film impurity rate were 96.20%， 88.48% and 12.00%，respectively. The rounded operation parameters were used for experimental verification. The test results showed that the cotton straw crushing qualified rate was 94.83%， the film picking up rate was 87.26%， and the residual film impurity rate was 12.23%. The test results showed that the error between the cotton straw crushing qualified rate， the film picking up rate and the residual film impurity rate and the theoretical optimization value was 1.4%， 0.3% and 1.9%respectively. The research methods and results can provide reference for the research of related equipment.

Key words: agricultural machinery, residual film recovery, straw returning, design, impurity cleaning, integration of operation

CLC Number: 

  • S223.5

Fig.1

Structure diagram of side row cotton straw returning and residual plastic film recovery combined operation machine"

Table 1

Main technical parameters of machine"

参 数数值

整机尺寸（长×宽×高）

/（mm×mm×mm）

6750×2850×2980
配套动力/kW88.2
工作幅宽/mm2200
留茬高度/cm≤10
拾膜率/%≥85
膜杂分离率/%≥70
集膜箱容积/m35.9
作业速度/（km·h-1）6~8
单次作业面积/hm21.0

Fig.2

Structure diagram of bilateral output straw crushing and returning device"

Fig.3

Structure of crushing knife roll"

Fig.4

Film pickup device"

Fig.5

Working process of film pickup device"

Fig.6

Structure diagram of residual film compaction device"

Fig.7

Schematic diagram of motion model of two-crank slider mechanism of residual film compaction device"

Fig.8

Movement analysis diagram of film pressing mechanism"

Fig.9

Shear fork type film unloading device"

Fig.10

Structural drawing of scissor arm"

Fig.11

Stress diagram of the scissor arm mechanism"

Fig.12

Field experiment"

Table 2

Test factors and levels"

水平

机具作业速度

X1/（m·s-1）

留茬高度

X2/cm

弹齿入土深度

X3/cm

-1163
01.584
12105

Table 3

Test plans and results"

试验序号

机具作业速度

X1/（m·s-1）

留茬高度

X2/cm

弹齿入土深度

X3/cm

秸秆粉碎合格率

η1/%

拾膜率

η2/%

残膜含杂率

η3/%

101193.2580.6811.24
200091.2886.7310.31
3-11098.2186.7313.55
4-10-193.1588.8114.51
510-193.1880.1217.24
600093.6887.3410.52
700093.1388.6310.23
81-1092.8782.6115.66
900093.2784.5710.67
1011090.0578.2116.27
11-1-1094.2190.5413.65
1201-195.4781.9513.02
1310190.4478.3116.17
1400092.8585.1610.85
150-1-192.4586.9113.51
160-1192.0783.1811.88
17-10194.5686.3613.14

Table 4

Analysis of test results"

变异来源自由度秸秆粉碎合格率η1/%拾膜率η2/%残膜含杂率η3/%
平方和F值显著水平P平方和F值显著水平P平方和F值显著水平P
模型948.254.460.0307*212.3415.060.0009**83.5876.84<0.0001**
X1123.0919.220.0032**137.7087.91<0.0001**13.76113.82<0.0001**
X213.623.010.126230.6919.600.0031**0.0480.400.5484
X311.931.610.245410.726.840.0346*4.2835.400.0006**
X1X2111.639.680.0170*0.0870.0560.82040.131.040.3412
X1X314.313.580.10020.100.0650.80550.0220.190.6791
X2X310.850.700.42901.510.970.35845.625×10-30.0470.8353
X1210.280.230.64413.202.040.196053.35441.44<0.0001**
X2212.281.890.21115.023.200.11662.1017.420.0042**
X3210.300.250.632220.6413.180.0084**5.9649.300.0002**
残差78.4110.960.85
失拟35.001.960.26260.150.0180.99610.593.010.1572
误差43.4110.810.26
总和1656.66223.3084.42

Fig.13

Effects of interaction of various factors on film pickup rateand residual film impurity rate"

Table 5

Results comparison between theoretical optimum and field experiment"

项 目秸秆粉碎合格率η1/%

拾膜率

η2/%

残膜含杂率

η3/%

理论优化值96.2087.4812.00
试验值94.8387.2612.23
相对误差1.41.41.9
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