油菜联合收获导流式双筒旋风分离清选装置设计及试验

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20220860

Abstract

Abstract:

To solve the problems of high loss rate and cleaning rate of cyclone separation cleaning device for rapeseed combine harvester. A double-cylinder type of cyclone separation cleaning device with functions of diversion and secondary settlement was developed. The structural parameters of the cyclone separator were analyzed and calculated. Based on statics and kinematics， the migration of rapeseed in the airflow field of the cyclone separator was analyzed， and the differential motion equations of rapeseed were established. The range of structural parameters of the flaring shaftless spiral blade and the secondary settling cylinder were determined. The main factors that affected the cleaning performance of the cyclone separator were clarified， and the structural rationality and the performance of the cyclone separator was verified based on a coupled model of computational fluid dynamics (CFD) and discrete element method (DEM)， and the internal airflow velocity of the guided twin tube cyclone separation and cleaning device was verified. The single factor experiment and quadratic rotation orthogonal combination experiment were conducted to study the effects of the feeding rate， the speed of the blower and the speed of the fan on the cleaning performance of the cyclone separation cleaning device. The regression equations between the cleaning rate， loss ratio and those factors was built. The results of the single factor experiments indicated that the performance of the cleaning device was better when the feeding rate was 0.6~1.0 kg/s， the speed of the blower was 550~750 r/min， and the speed of the fan was 1 400~1 800 r/min. The optimization results showed that the optimal parameters combination was the feeding rate 0.71 kg/s， the speed of the blower 616 r/min， and the speed of the fan 1 667 r/min. The results of the field experiment under the optimal parameters combination showed that the cleaning rate and loss ratio was 92.39% and 4.80%， respectively.

Key words: agricultural mechanical engineering, rape, combined harvest, cyclone separation, helical diversion, secondary settlement

CLC Number:

S225.99

Cai-xia SHU,Jia YANG,Qing-xi LIAO,Xing-yu WAN,Jia-cheng YUAN. Design and experiment of diversion type double-cylinder cyclone separation system for rapeseed combine harvester[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2024, 54(6): 1807-1820.

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参数	数值/型式
行走方式	履带自走式
动力/kW	72
驱动方式	液压驱动
长×宽×高/（mm×mm×mm）	5 000×2 300×2 800
割幅/mm	2 000
留茬高度/mm	100~350
喂入量/（kg·s^-1）	2.0

水平	因素
水平	喂入量X₁/ （kg·s^-1）	抛扬机转速X₂/ （r·min^-1）	吸杂风机转速X₃/（r·min^-1）
1.682	1.00	750	1 800
1	0.92	709	1 712
0	0.80	650	1 600
-1	0.68	590	1 481
-1.682	0.60	550	1 400

序号	因素			清洁率Y_q/%	损失率Y_s/%
序号	X₁	X₂	X₃	清洁率Y_q/%	损失率Y_s/%
1	-1	-1	-1	87.04	4.52
2	1	-1	-1	83.32	5.17
3	-1	1	-1	88.61	3.33
4	1	1	-1	82.91	4.27
5	-1	-1	1	92.48	6.32
6	1	-1	1	89.56	6.48
7	-1	1	1	91.66	4.77
8	1	1	1	86.82	7.01
9	-1.682	0	0	90.30	4.25
10	1.682	0	0	83.65	6.78
11	0	-1.682	0	91.34	6.32
12	0	1.682	0	90.97	5.07
13	0	0	-1.682	86.26	3.45
14	0	0	1.682	94.46	7.68
15	0	0	0	91.06	5.86
16	0	0	0	91.19	5.72
17	0	0	0	91.80	5.53
18	0	0	0	92.75	4.90
19	0	0	0	91.57	4.87
20	0	0	0	91.63	5.86

方差来源	清洁率Y_q/%				损失率Y_s/%
方差来源	平方和	自由度	F	P	平方和	自由度	F	P
模型	204.77	9	23.04	<0.000 1**	23.15	9	10.31	0.000 6**
X₁	58.91	1	59.66	<0.000 1**	4.98	1	19.96	0.001 2**
X₂	0.67	1	0.68	0.429 7	1.99	1	7.98	<0.018 0*
X₃	77.01	1	77.99	<0.000 1**	15.19	1	60.91	<0.000 1**
X₁X₂	1.90	1	1.93	0.195 4	0.70	1	2.82	0.124 3
X₁X₃	0.34	1	0.35	0.567 9	0.082	1	0.33	0.579 0
X₂X₃	2.78	1	2.82	0.124 0	0.14	1	0.57	0.466 2
X₁²	57.01	1	57.74	<0.000 1**	0.046	1	0.19	0.676 0
X₂²	3.77	1	3.81	0.079 4	0.000 75	1	0.002 8	0.958 6
X₃²	9.05	1	9.16	0.012 8*	0.022	1	0.088	0.773 2
残差	9.87	10			2.49	10
失拟	8.08	5	4.49	0.062 4	1.44	5	1.37	0.370 3
误差	1.80	5			1.05	5
总和	214.65	19			25.65	19

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Design and experiment of diversion type double-cylinder cyclone separation system for rapeseed combine harvester

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