Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition) ›› 2023, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (6): 1566-1579.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20230037

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Research progress in intelligent monitoring of pavement icing based on optical fiber sensing technology

Xiao-kang ZHAO(),Zhe HU,Jiu-peng ZHANG(),Jian-zhong PEI,Ning SHI   

  1. School of Highway,Chang'an University,Xi'an 710064,China
  • Received:2023-01-12 Online:2023-06-01 Published:2023-07-23
  • Contact: Jiu-peng ZHANG E-mail:kronchd@126.com;zhjiupeng@chd.edu.cn

Abstract:

In order to promote the application of road safety intelligent perception technology, the research progress about intelligent monitoring of pavement icing condition based on optical fiber sensing at home and abroad was overviewed. Firstly, the principle of fiber-optic pavement icing detection was revealed. Subsequently,based on the analysis of different optical fiber performance indexes, the distribution mode of common probes and various weak signal detection methods, the fiber-optic pavement icing detection system was constructed. Then, common icing detection data pre-processing and its thickness analysis methods were explored, the main environmental influencing factors and measures to enhance detection effectiveness were outlined, and burying technology of fiber-optic road icing detection sensor was analyzed. Finally, current research status of icing pavement monitoring and early warning were summarized, the existing problems were discussed, and the development direction of intelligent sensing of pavement icing condition was attempted to outlook.

Key words: road engineering, frozen pavement, ice sensor, optical fiber technology, intelligent perception

CLC Number: 

  • U416.214

Fig.1

Schematic diagram of optical fiber icing sensor"

Fig.2

Basic structure diagram of optic fiber"

Fig.3

Total reflection principle of optic fiber"

Table 1

Performance index comparison of polymer optical fiber and silica optical fiberr"

指标聚合物光纤石英光纤
芯径/μm100~100062.5
数值孔径0.50.22
受光角/(°)6016
典型波长/nm650850/1300
典型损耗/(dB·km-11253.5/1
弹性模量/GPa3.272
拉伸长度/%5~101~2
光源成本/$3~56~25
连接器成本/$0.25~55~25
连接时间/min1~51~20

Fig.4

Coaxial fiber-optic probe"

Fig.5

Wedge fiber-optic probe"

Fig.6

Composite end-face optical fiber probe"

Table 2

Common optical fiber probe distribution mode"

探头分布模式应用情况优点缺点
同轴式检测薄冰冰厚灵敏度高,光纤信号响应较强检测范围小,不能识别冰型
楔形式检测厚冰冰厚检测范围大,识别不同冰型灵敏度较低,容易受光饱和现象影响
复合端面式区分明冰、霜冰和混合冰结合多种探头模式优势,扩大检测范围装配和端面集成校准复杂

Table 3

Common weak signal detection methods"

检测方法检测原理特点
带通滤波法41利用功率谱密度在信号中较窄,而噪声相对较宽的特点滤掉大部分噪声滤波器带宽B越窄,信噪比提高越好
同步累积法42重复多次测量,使信号同相地累积起来,而噪声因其随机性相互抵消测量次数越多,信噪比改善越明显。
相关检测法43利用相关原理,输入信号与参考信号的互相关运算达到去除噪声目的抑制能力极强,基本滤去不同步噪声
锁定检测法44结合同步累积法和相关检测法,构成锁定放大器抗干扰能力强,把交流信号放大变成直流信号

Fig.7

Schematic diagram of lock detection method"

Fig.8

Design diagram of weak signal detection circuit structure"

Fig.9

Characteristic curve of ice thickness and voltage output"

Fig.10

Relation diagram of bending loss and bending radius"

Fig.11

Cross section of the sensor package"

Fig.12

Structure of road icing monitoring and warning system"

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