Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition) ›› 2025, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (11): 3463-3475.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20240178

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Analysis of lubrication flow field of cylindrical gear with variable hyperbolic circular-arc-tooth trace with oil injection

Yong-qiao WEI(),Kang-jun HUANG,Rui GUO,Lan LUO   

  1. School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Lanzhou University of Technology,Lanzhou 730050,China
  • Received:2024-02-24 Online:2025-11-01 Published:2026-02-03

Abstract:

In order to investigate the influence mechanism of complex gas flow behaviour on the lubrication effect of cylindrical gear with variable hyperbolic circular-arc-tooth trace under oil injection lubrication environment due to its special tooth shape. The computational fluid dynamics is used to model the computational basin, simplify and simulate the calculation, analyse the interference between the high-speed gas flow field and the oil injection beam, and determine the optimal oil injection angle through the streamline diagram. The oil distribution, average oil volume fraction and oil pressure on the inspection surface were extracted, and the influence of different oil injection parameters on the lubrication of the tooth surface was obtained. The results show that the lubrication effect of the gear transmission can be improved by biasing the oil injection angle towards the main wheel by 10.73o, and by increasing the oil injection speed, decreasing the oil injection distance, and lowering the gear rotation speed appropriately. The findings of this study provide a theoretical basis for the design and parameter optimisation of the oil injection lubrication system and cooling system of the gear transmission.

Key words: cylindrical gear with variable hyperbolic circular-arc-tooth trace, computational fluid dynamics, injection lubrication, average oil volume fraction of tooth surface

CLC Number: 

  • V232.8

Fig. 1

Principle coordinate system of the gear"

Fig. 2

Mathematical model of VH-CATT cylindrical gear tooth surface and solid 3D model"

Fig. 3

VH-CATT cylindrical gear contact model"

Fig. 4

Contact ellipse"

Fig.5

Distinction and addition of gear meshing areas"

Table 1

Geometrical and operating parameters of VH-CATT cylindrical gear unit"

参 数小齿轮大齿轮

齿数

模数 m/mm

压力角 α0/(°)

转速n1n2)/(r·min-1

中心距l/mm

齿宽B1/mm

喷嘴直径D/mm

润滑油密度 ρ/(kg·m-3

喷油高度d/mm

喷油速度v/(m·s-1

21

4

20

6 000

100

40

5

960

45

60

29

4

20

4 345

100

40

5

960

45

60

Fig.6

Layout parameters of gear nozzle"

Fig.7

Gearbox mesh model"

Fig. 8

Cross-section streamline diagram in gearing"

Fig. 9

Enlarged view of the flow lines above the engagement zone when not injected with oil"

Fig. 10

Four sets of nozzle angle settings"

Fig. 11

Distribution of oil in four groups of tooth surfaces"

Fig. 12

Weighted average oil volume fraction versus time at different injection angles"

Fig. 13

Tooth surface oil pressure under four groups"

Fig. 14

Oil pressure in the drive gear at four groups"

Fig. 15

Oil volume fraction distribution on tooth surface at different injection speeds"

Fig. 16

Variation of weighted average oil volume fraction with time for different injection speeds"

Fig. 17

Oil pressure statistics in the meshing zone at different injection speeds"

Fig. 18

Oil volume fraction distribution on tooth surface at different injection heights"

Fig. 19

Variation of weighted average oil volume fraction with time for different injection heights"

Fig. 20

Oil pressure statistics in the meshing zone at different injection heights"

Fig. 21

Oil volume fraction distribution on tooth surface at different gear speeds"

Fig. 22

Variation of weighted average oil volume fraction with time for different gear speeds"

Fig. 23

Oil pressure statistics in the meshing zone at different gear speeds"

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