吉林大学学报(医学版) ›› 2022, Vol. 48 ›› Issue (3): 755-765.doi: 10.13481/j.1671-587X.20220325

• 临床研究 • 上一篇    

结肠癌核心基因和独立预后因子筛选的生物信息学分析

刘迁,祁国萍,于华裔,戴宇阳,陆文斌,金建华()   

  1. 江苏大学附属武进医院 徐州医科大学武进临床学院肿瘤科,江苏 常州 213017
  • 收稿日期:2021-08-26 出版日期:2022-05-28 发布日期:2022-06-21
  • 通讯作者: 金建华 E-mail:jianhuajin88@sina.com
  • 作者简介:刘 迁(1981-),男,江苏常州市人,副研究员,理学博士,主要从事结肠癌肿瘤标志物筛选及其相关作用机制方面的研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金面上项目(81872275);江苏省卫健委科研项目(M2020002);江苏省常州市科技局应用基础研究计划项目(CJ20200004)

Bioinformatics analysis on screening of colon cancer core genes and independent prognostic factors

Qian LIU,Guoping QI,Huayi YU,Yuyang DAI,Wenbin LU,Jianhua JIN()   

  1. Department of Oncology,Affiliated Wujin Hospital,Jiangsu University,Wujin Clinical College,Xuzhou Medical University,Changzhou 213017,China
  • Received:2021-08-26 Online:2022-05-28 Published:2022-06-21
  • Contact: Jianhua JIN E-mail:jianhuajin88@sina.com

摘要: 目的

挖掘基因表达综合(GEO)数据库和癌症基因组图谱(TCGA) 数据库中结肠癌基因表达数据,探讨引发结肠癌的潜在核心基因及独立预后因子。

方法

采用TCGA数据库检索结肠癌中基因表达水平和临床特征数据,采用GEO数据库检索结肠癌和癌旁组织中核心基因表达水平,行加权基因共表达网络分析(WGCNA)、维恩分析、蛋白-蛋白互作(PPI)网络构建和Hub 基因筛选、基因本体(GO)及京都基因和基因组百科全书(KEGG)富集分析、泛癌基因的免疫细胞亚型分析、核心基因的泛癌热图和相关性分析、核心基因与肿瘤微环境的相关性分析和核心基因的风险回归模型分析,实时荧光定量PCR(RT-qPCR)、Western blotting和免疫组织化学法检测结肠癌组织及癌旁组织中NKD1与AXIN2表达水平,进一步证实筛选结果。

结果

TCGA数据分析得出1 208个基因高表达;GSE37182芯片中有252个基因高表达。对4组差异分析数据取交集,维恩分析获得13个共有基因,并进行PPI网络构建,发现7个基因(ARID3A、 SALL4、NKD1、KND2、AXIN2、CA9和TACSTD2)为结肠癌潜在的核心基因。GO富集分析,这7个基因主要参与Wnt信号通路进行正/负调控,基底外侧质膜或结合泛素蛋白连接酶;KEGG富集分析,这7个基因主要作用于Hippo信号通路和Wnt信号通路。泛癌基因分析,7个核心基因在结肠癌组织中均明显高表达,NKD1和AXIN2基因在结肠癌组织中的表达呈正相关关系(r=0.69);TACSTD2基因在C1、C2、C3和C6免疫细胞亚型中呈高表达。核心基因的表达与样品中肿瘤微环境之间的相关性分析,结肠癌组织中NKD2、AXIN2、ARID3A和NKD1基因的表达与综合打分呈负相关关系(P<0.01)。结肠癌患者生存预后分析,只有AXIN2为显著独立预后因子(P<0.05),在结肠癌患者中为低风险独立预后因子。RT-qPCR、Western blotting和免疫组织化学法检测,NKD1在结肠癌肿瘤标本和结肠癌细胞中均呈高表达,并且NKD1与AXIN2基因表达水平呈显著正相关关系(P<0.01)。

结论

基于生物信息学分析结肠癌数据库筛选出7个核心基因,其中AXIN2为结肠癌患者独立预后因子,结肠癌组织中NKD1的AXIN2基因表达水平呈正相关关系。

关键词: 结肠肿瘤, 核心基因, 预后因子, 加权基因共表达网络分析, 生物信息学

Abstract: Objective

To mine the gene expression data of colon cancer in Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database,and to explore the potential core genes and the independent prognostic factors of colon cancer.

Methods

TCGA database was used to retrieve the gene expression levels and clinical feature data in colon cancer, and the GEO database was used to retrieve the core gene expression levels in colon cancer and adjacent tissues. Weighted correlation network analysis(WGCNA), Wenn analysis, protein-protein interaction(PPI) network construction and Hub gene screening, Gene Ontology(GO)enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encylopaedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis, immune cell subtype analysis on pan oncogene,pan cancer heat map and correlation analysis of core gene, correlation analysis on core gene and tumor microenvironment and risk regression model analysis on core gene were performed. The expression levels of NKD1 and AXIN2 in the colon cancer tissue and adjacent tissue were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR),Western blotting and immunohistochemistry to further confirm the screening results.

Results

The TCGA data analysis results showed that 1 208 genes were highly expressed, 252 genes were highly expressed in the GSE37182 chip. The intersection of 4 groups of differential analysis data was taken, 13 common genes were obtained by Venn analysis. The PPI network was constructed, and 7 genes (ARID3A,SALL4,NKD1,KND2,AXIN2,CA9,and TACSTD2) were found to be the potential core genes of colon cancer. The GO analysis results showed that these 7 genes were mainly involved in positive/negative regulation of Wnt signaling pathway, basolateral plasma membrane or bound to ubiquitin protein ligases. The KEGG enrichment analysis results showed that these 7 genes were mainly involved in the Hippo signaling pathway and Wnt signaling pathway.The pan-cancer gene analysis results showed that these 7 core genes were significantly highly expressed in the colon cancer tissue, and the expression levels of NKD1 and AXIN2 genes in the colon cancer tissue had a high positive correlation (r=0.69). High expression of TACSTD2 gene was shown in the C1,C2,C3, and C6 immune cell subtypes.The correlation analysis results between the expression of core genes and the tumor microenvironment showed that the expression levels of NKD2,AXIN2,ARID3A,and NKD1 genes in the colon cancer tissue were negatively correlated with the comprehensive score(P<0.01). The survival prognostic analysis results of colon cancer patients showed that only AXIN2 was a significant independent prognostic factor (P<0.05), and it was a low-risk independent prognostic factor in the colon cancer patients. The RT-qPCR,Western blotting,and immunohistochemistry detection results showed that NKD1 was highly expressed in both the colon cancer tissue and colon cancer cells, and the expression levels of NKD1 and AXIN2 were significantly positively correlated(P<0.01).

Conclusion

Seven core genes are screened by the bioinformatics screening of colon cancer database, among which AXIN2 is an independent prognostic factor for the colon cancer patients, and the expression level of NKD1 in the colon cancer tissue is positively correlated with the expression level of AXIN2.

Key words: Colon neoplasms, Core genes, Prognostic factors, Weighted correlation network analysis, Bioinformatics

中图分类号: 

  • R735.35