Journal of Jilin University(Medicine Edition) ›› 2026, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (2): 513-522.doi: 10.13481/j.1671-587X.20260224

• Research in clinical medicine • Previous Articles    

Relationship between glucose coefficient of variation and hyperuricemia in early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus

Yuanshuang JIANG,Yang YU,Ruopu LI,Qinyan HUANG,Yunwei SUN,Yan CHEN()   

  1. Department of Endocrinology,Second Hospital,Jilin University,Changchun 130041,China
  • Received:2025-06-01 Accepted:2025-08-04 Online:2026-03-28 Published:2026-04-15
  • Contact: Yan CHEN E-mail:cheny99@jlu.edu.cn

Abstract:

Objective To investigate the relationship between the glucose coefficient of variation (GCV) and the risk of hyperuricemia (HUA) in the patients with early-onset type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A total of 224 hospitalized patients with T2DM between September 2023 and November 2024 were enrolled. The general clinical data, laboratory biochemical indicators, and continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-derived metrics were collected.The early-onset T2DM patients were stratified into HUA and non-HUA groups based on their serum uric acid (SUA) levels. Fasting venous blood was collected to detect SUA, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), blood lipids, liver and kidney function indexes, and other indicators. Glucose variability parameters, including GCV, time in range (TIR), and mean amplitude of glycemic excursions (MAGE), were obtained using the CGM system. The t-test and Mann-Whitney U test were used to compare the differences in the indicators of the patients between various groups; Spearman correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between GCV and SUA level in the patients; modified Poisson regression models were used to evaluate the association between GCV and HUA in early-onset T2DM patients; receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis along with the area under the curve (AUC) were used to determine the predictive values of GCV and HbA1c level for HUA in early-onset T2DM patients. Results The prevalence of HUA in early-onset T2DM group was significantly higher than that in late-onset T2DM group (P<0.001). Significant differences were observed between the patients in two groups in age, disease duration, gender, family history of diabetes, body mass index (BMI) as well as serum levels of SUA, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) (P<0.05). Among early-onset T2DM patients, compared with non-HUA group, the serum levels of creatinine (Scr) and triglyceride(TG), atherogenic index (AI), fasting C-peptide (FC-P), 2-hour postprandial C-peptide (2hC-P), GCV, and MAGE in the patients in HUA group were significantly increased (P<0.05), while the level of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) was significantly decreased (P<0.05). The Spearman correlation analysis results showed a positive correlation between SUA level and GCV in early-onset T2DM patients (r=0.403, P<0.001). After adjusting for confounding factors, compared with the patients in the lowest GCV quartile, the risk of HUA among those in the highest GCV quartile was significantly increased (RR=2.12,P <0.05). The AUC of GCV for predicting HUA in early-onset T2DM patients was 0.859 (95% CI: 0.783-0.935), with an optimal cutoff value of 58.5%, a sensitivity of 79.7%, and a specificity of 76.7%. Conclusion The proportion of HUA in early-onset T2DM patients is higher than that in late-onset T2DM patients. Increased GCV level is significantly associated with an increased risk of HUA in the patients with early-onset T2DM.

Key words: Early-onset type 2 diabetes, Glucose coefficient of variation, Hyperuricemia, Glycemic excursion, Correlation analysis

CLC Number: 

  • R587.1