纳米氧化锌的抗菌作用机制及其影响因素的研究进展

doi:10.13481/j.1671-587X.20250430

Abstract

Abstract:

Nanometal materials have been extensively studied due to their non-toxic， stable， and efficient biological properties. Among them， nano-zinc oxide （ZnO-NPs）， which exhibits good biocompatibility， is considered a promising antibacterial material for medical applications due to its broad-spectrum antibacterial effects and photocatalytic activity. The antibacterial mechanism of ZnO-NPs is not yet fully understood， but two widely recognized modes have been proposed： one is a non-contact mechanism dominated by reactive oxygen species （ROS） generated by ZnO-NPs and the release of Zn²⁺， and the other is a direct contact antibacterial mechanism involving the interaction between ZnO-NPs and bacterial cell wall components. These two distinct antibacterial mechanisms are attributed to the physicochemical properties of ZnO-NPs. As a wide-bandgap semiconductor， the antibacterial efficacy of ZnO-NPs is influenced not only by light exposure but also by factors such as particle size， concentration， morphology， as well as the type and structure of the target bacteria. Therefore， understanding the precise mechanisms is crucial for elucidating the antibacterial functions of ZnO-NPs against bacteria and fungi. This review summarizes the latest research progress on the antibacterial mechanisms of ZnO-NPs and their influencing factors， and provides an overview of the factors affecting the antibacterial performance of ZnO-NPs， offering a basis for a deeper understanding and application of ZnO-NPs in antibacterial therapy.

Key words: Nano-zinc oxide, Bacterial infectious diseases, Antibacterial mechanism, Reactive oxygen species, Influencing factor

CLC Number:

R781.4

Ziyang XU,Ruolin WANG,Yifan GUO,Yuji LIU,Min LIU. Research progress in mechanism of antimicrobial action of zinc oxide nanoparticles and its influencing factors[J].Journal of Jilin University(Medicine Edition), 2025, 51(4): 1129-1136.

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Research progress in mechanism of antimicrobial action of zinc oxide nanoparticles and its influencing factors

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