To construct an immundeficient mouse model with low density lipoprotein receptor （LDLR） gene knockout by CRISPR/cas9 technology and analyze and evaluate the blood cholesterol level，and to provide a new method for constructing a humanized mouse model of immune system with hyperlipidemia.

Using CRISPR/cas9 technology， sgRNA/cas9 mRNA effectively identifying exons 2 and 18 of LDLR gene was injected into the fertilized eggs of NOD SCID mice. The gene knockout F0 positive （LDLR^+/+， AA） mice were screened by genotyping of neonatal mice， and the mice were bred with NOD SCID （LDLR^+/+， AA） mice to identify the F1 generation （AA） with stable genotypes mice. The F1 positive heterozygous mice and NOD SCID mice were bred to obtain a large number of F2 generation （AA） mice with exactly the same gene sequence. Large scale breeding was carried out between F2 generations.The F3 generation mice were grouped according to genotype and gender， respectively： male AA， male Aa， female AA and female Aa.The body weights were monitored， and the peripheral blood was collected for blood cholesterol level detection.

The NOD SCID LDLR^+/－ （AA） mice were obtained by the above construction method. After 8 weeks of weight detection， it was found that Aa heterozygous genotype did not affect the body weight of mice during growth and development process. The cholesterol level of female Aa was （100.80±4.42） mg·dL^－1 and male Aa was （120.56±11.16） mg·dL^－1， compared with negative control （AA mice），the cholesterol levels were significantly increased（P<0.05）；the cholesterol levels of female AA and male AA were（60.78±2.11） and （75.43±10.06） mg·dL^－1，and the difference between them was statistically significant （P<0.05）.

Without affecting the body weight of mice， a mouse model with spontaneous increase of cholesterol level is successfully constructed by using CRISPR/cas9 technology under the background of NOD SCID， which can be used as the basis for humanization.

To investigate the expression levels of Wnt5a protein in ovary tissue of the mice at different development stages， and to clarify its effect on oocyte autophagy.

The ovary tissue of mice at different developmental stages were collected， and Western blotting method was used to detect the expression levels of Wnt5a protein in perinatal ovary tissue of the mice. The ovarian tissue of the 1 d after partum （1 dpp） mice were selected for immunofluorescence staining. The oocyte cytoplasmic marker DDX4 and granulosa cell marker FOXL2 （red） were co-stained with Wnt5a （green） and nuclear marker Hoechst （blue）， respectively，and the morphology and the number of oocytes were observed. The ovary tissue of the mice at 17.5 d of embryonic period（17.5 dpc）were divided into control group， 1 mol·L^－1 overexpressing Wnt5a group （rWnt5a group）， 1 mol·L^－1 inhibitor IWP2 group and 1 mol·L^－1 inhibitor BOX5 group. The expression levels of Wnt5a， LC3 and P62 proteins in ovary tissue of the mice in various groups were detected by Western blotting method， and the number of ovarian oocytes was observed by immunofluorescence method.

Wnt5a was expressed in ovary tissue of the mice at different developmental stages. Compared with control group， the expression levels of Wnt5a protein in 17.5 dpc and 1 dpp groups were significantly increased （P<0.05）. The fluorescence localization revealed that the target protein Wnt5a overlapped with the markers DDX4 and FOXL2. The Western blotting results showed that compared with control group， the expression level of Wnt5a protein in rWnt5a group was significantly increased （P<0.01）， the expression levels of Wnt5a and LC3 proteins in inhibitor IWP2 group were significantly decreased （P<0.01）， and the expression level of Wnt5a protein in inhibitor BOX5 group was significantly increased （P<0.01）. Compared with rWnt5a group， the expression level of LC3 protein in inhibitor IWP2 group was significantly decreased（P<0.01），and the expression level of P62 protein was significantly increased （P<0.01）. The immunofluorescence staining results showed that the number of oocytes in IWP2 inhibitor group was reduced compared with control group.

Wnt5a may regulate the oocyte survival by affecting the level of autophagy in ovary of the mice.

To establish the acute lymphoblastic leukemia（ALL） transplanted tumor mouse models labled with green fluorescent protein（GFP）and to study the methylation changes in the serum circulating free DNA （cfDNA） during the extramedullary infiltration， and to provide the theroretical and experimental basis for monitoring extramedullary infiltration of ALL.

Sixty ICR mices were randonly divided into control group，treatment 15 d group and treatment 30 d group，with 20 mice in each group，and the ALL transplanted tumor mouse models labled with GFP were established by tail vein injection， the extramedullary infiltration of leukemia cells was derected by flow cytometry.The expression levels of ten-eleven-translocation2（TET2）， DNA methyltransferase 3 alpha（DNMT3a）， DNA methyltransferase 3 beta（DNMT3b）， Wnt family member 5A（Wnt5A） and long interspersed nuclear elements（LINE-1） mRNA in the blood of the mice in various groups were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR（RT-qPCR） and the methylation levels in the promoter region of Wnt5A and LINE-1 in the blood of the mice in various groups were determined by bisulfite sequencing PCR （BSP）.

Significant green fluorescence was found in the spleen tissue of the mice in treatment 15 d group and treatment 30 d group， and the fluorescence intensity in treatment 30 d group was higher than that in treatment 15 d group. The mass of spleen of the mice in treatment 30 d group was higher than that in control group（P<0.05）， and the splenomegaly was significant.The flow cytometry results showed that compared with control group， the fluorescence intensity of peripheral blood cells in treatment 15 d group and treatment 30 d group were increased significantly， and the fluorescence intensity in treatment 30 d group was higher than that in treatment 15 d group（P<0.05）. Compared with control group， the expression levels of Wnt5A and TET2 mRNA in treatment 15 d group and treatment 30 d group were decreased significantly（P<0.05）. The expression levels of LINE-1， DNMT3a and DNMT3b mRNA were increased significantly（P<0.05）. Compared with control group， the methylation levels of LINE-1 promoter in serum of the mice in treatment 15 d group and treatment 30 d group were decreased significantly（P<0.05），and hypomethylation was gradually showed during infiltration； the methylation level of Wnt5aA promoter of tumor suppressor gene was increased significantly（P<0.05）.

Extramedullary infiltration occurres early in the establishment of ALL fransplanted tumor mouse models.the abnormal methylation of Wnt5A and LINE-1 promoter in serum cfDNA affects their abnormal expressions. The methylation detection of specific ectopic sites in cfDNA can provide a new method and strategy for early diagnosis and treatment monitoring of ALL.

To explore the effect of acupuncture intervention on the “drift” and channel reorganization of visual cortex azimuth column after monocular visual deprivation of the rats， and to preliminarily clarify mechanism.

A total of 70 healthy SD rats were randomly divided into blank control group （n=10） and right eye suture group （n=60）.The rats in right eye suture group were used to establish the visual deprivation models by right eye suture.Then the successful model rats were randomly divided into model group， levodopa methyl ester （LDME） group and early（3 d after model replication）， middle（12 d after model replication） and late（21 d after model replication） acupuncture groups（n=10）. After the corresponding intervention， the concentrations of oxyhemoglobin（Oxy-Hb）， deoxygenated hemoglobin（Deoxy-Hb） and total hemoglobin（Total-Hb） of the rats in various groups were detected by functional near infrared spectroscope （fNIRs） technique.

Compared with blank control group， the concentrations of Oxy-Hb in bilateral visual cortex of 2-5 and 4-4 channels of the rats in model group were significantly decreased （P<0.05）； compared with model group，the concentrations of Oxy-Hb and Total-Hb in 2-5 and 4-4 channels in early， middle and late acupuncture groups were significantly increased （P<0.05）；the concentrations of Deoxy-Hb were decreased； there were no significant differences in the concentrations of Oxy-Hb， Deoxy-Hb and Total-Hb between the left and right sides of 2-5 and 4-4 channels in blank control group （P>0.05）， but the concentration of Oxy-Hb in the right side of the rats in model group was higher than that in the left side （P<0.01）. In LDME group， the concentrations of Oxy-Hb and Deoxy-Hb in the right side was higher than that in the left side （P<0.05）， but there was no difference in the concentration of Total-Hb （P>0.05）. In early acupuncture group， the Oxy-Hb concentration of rats had no difference between the left and right sides （P>0.05）， while the concentrations of Deoxy-Hb and Total-Hb in the right side were higher than those in the left side （P<0.05）. In middle and late acupuncture groups， the concentrations of Oxy-Hb， Deoxy-Hb and Total-Hb of rats in the right side were higher than those in the left side （P<0.05）.

After monocular （right） visual deprivation， the sensitivity and selectivity of orientation information perception of neurons in the ipsilateral visual cortex are significantly inhibited， and the function of orientation column in the ipsilateral visual cortex is abnormal. Early acupuncture can effectively regulate the “drift” and abnormal reorganization of visual cortex orientation column after visual deprivation.

To explore the pharmacological effect of esculentoside A （EsA） on the ovalbumin （OVA）-induced airway inflammation in the asthmatic mice， and to clarify its mechanism of action.

Forty clean BALB/c female mice were randomly divided into blank control group，OVA group， low dose of EsA group and high dose of EsA group，with 10 mice in each group. They were sensitized by intraperitoneal injection and sensitization occurred on days 1， 7，and 14， respectively. Starting from the 21st day with 1% OVA， and one excitation period was perfomed every day，with each excitation period being excited once for three times.The mice in blank control group and OVA group were given 0.2 mL of normal saline by gavage. The mice in low dose of EsA group and high dose of EsA group received 10 and 20 mg·kg^－1 EsA by gavage， starting from the 17th day， for 7 consecutive days，once a day. HE staining method was used to observe the morphological performance of lung tissue of the mice in various groups， and direct counting method was used to calculate the number of total inflammatory cells， eosinophils， neutrophils and lymphocytes in BALF of the mice in various groups. Cytometry method was used to detect the expressions of eosinophils，IL-4 and IFN-γ in BALF， and ELISA method was used to detect the levels of IL-1β and TNF-α； Western blotting method was used to determine the expression levels of IL-6 and STAT3 proteins in lung tissue of the mice in various groups；immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence methods were used to detect the expressions of IL-6 and STAT3 proteins in lung tissue of the mice in various groups.

Compared with blank control group， the bronchi and perivascular inflammatory cells in lung tissue of the mice in OVA group were infiltrated with partial bronchial damage； compared with OVA group， the infiltration of inflammatory cells in lung tissue of the mice in low and high doses of EsA groups were reduced and airway injury was alleviated； compared with blank control group， the number of total inflammatory cells， eosinophils， neutrophils and lymphocytes in BALF of the mice in OVA group was increased（P<0.05），the expression levels of IL-4， IL-1βand TNF-α were increased （P<0.01）， while the expression level of IFN-γ was decreased （P<0.05）； compared with OVA group， the number of total inflammatory cells， eosinophils， neutrophils and lymphocytes in BALF of the mice in low and high doses of EsA groups were decreased（P<0.05），the levels of IL-4， IL-1β and TNF-α were decreased （P<0.01）， and the levels of IFN-γ were increased （P<0.05）.Compared with blank control group， the expression levels of IL-6 and STAT3 proteins in lung tissue of the mice in OVA group were significantly increased （P<0.05）； compared with OVA group， the expression levels of IL-6 and STAT3 proteins in lung tissue of the mice in low and high doses of EsA groups were decreased （P<0.05）.

EsA may alleviate the airway inflammation in the asthmatic mice， and its mechanism may be related to regulating the IL-6 and STAT3 signaling pathway.

To investigate the expression of serum proteins of the snake venom model of Trimeresurus stejnegeri， and to reveal the expressions of marker proteins in the process of poisoning.

Twelve Japanese big ear rabbits， male or female， were randomly divided into sham operation group and model group， with 6 rabbits in each group. The rabbits in model group were given intramuscular injection of 20 mg·kg^－1Trimeresurus stejnegeri snake venom， and the rabbits in sham operation group were given the same volume of normal saline injection； four hours later， the rabbits in two groups were anesthetized with sodium pentobarbital，the blood samples were obtained from the hearts of rabbits， and the blood serum was isolated. The differential proteins in serum of the rabbits in two groups were analyzed by tandem mass tag（TMT） combined with high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry （HPLC-TMS） quantitative proteomics technology. The biological changes of the differential proteins were analyzed by Proteome Discover 2.4 and other databases.

The sham operation group and the experimental group were divided into two distinct clusters of differential proteins on the coordinate diagram of PCA analysis. A total of 199 differential proteins were identified and analyzed， including 139 up-regulated proteins； the top 5 up-regulated proteins were troponin I type 2，fast skeletal muscle（TNNI2）， parvalbum alpha（PV）， enolase2（ENO2），myoglobin（MB） and creatine kinase（CK）；there were 60 down-regulated proteins；the top 5 down-regulated proteins were apolipoprotein C1（APOC1），cinggulin（CGN）， proprotein invertase Bacillus subtilis proteinase 9（PCSK9） and transfer cobalamin protein 1（TCN1）.The differential proteins involved in the extracellular regulatory function were the most， followed by calcium ion regulation protein and degradation regulation proteins.

The expression levels of antigen processing and presentation function-related proteins change significantly during the process of infection of Trimeresurus stejnegeri venom， and CK and solute carrier fannily 16 member1（SLC16A1） could be used as candidate targets of post-infection injury.

To investigate the effect of atorvastatin（ATO） on the vascular endothelial cell injury induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein （Ox-LDL） /β2-glycoprotein Ⅰ （β2GPⅠ）/anti-β2-glycoprotein Ⅰ antibody （anti-β2GPⅠ） complex and its effect on the TRAF3 interacting protein 2 （TRAF3IP2）/ Ⅰ kappa B kinase （IKKγ）/ nuclear factor kappa-B （NF-κB） signaling pathway， and to elucidate the possible molecular mechanism of improvement effect of ATO on the endothelial cell injury in the context of antiphospholipid syndrome （APS）.

The endothelial cell injury models were established by treating the human umbilical vein endothelial cells （HUVECs） with β2GPⅠ（100 mg·L^―1），Ox-LDL（50 mg·L^―1），β2GPⅠ/anti-β2GPⅠ（100 mg·L^―1），Ox-LDL/β2GPⅠ and Ox-LDL/β2GPⅠ/anti-β2GPⅠ complex.The HUVECs were divided into control group，β2GPⅠ group，Ox-LDL group，β2GPⅠ/anti-β2GPⅠ group，Ox-LDL/β2GPⅠ group，Ox-LDL/β2GPⅠ/anti-β2GPⅠ group，ATO（10 μmol·L^―1）+ Ox-LDL/β2GPⅠ group and ATO+ Ox-LDL/β2GPⅠ/anti-β2GPⅠ group. The survival rates of HUVECs in various groups were detected by MTT assay， the fluorescence intensities of intracellular reactive oxygen species （ROS） in various groups were detected by chemical fluorescence probe， and the endothelin-1（ET-1） levels in various groups were detected by ELISA. The expression levels of TRAF3IP2， p-IKKγ and p-NF-κB p65 in the HUVECs in various groups were detected by Western blotting method.

Compared with control group， the survival rates of HUVECs in Ox-LDL/β2GPⅠ group and Ox-LDL/β2GPⅠ/anti-β2GPⅠ group were significantly decreased （P<0.01）；compared with Ox-LDL/β2GPⅠ group and Ox-LDL/β2GPⅠ/anti-β2GPⅠ group，after treatment for 1 h，the survival rates in ATO+Ox-LDL/β2GPⅠ group and ATO+Ox-LDL/β2GPⅠ/anti-β2GPⅠ group were significantly increased （P<0.05）. Compared with control group， the fluorescence intensities of ROS and the levels of ET-1 in the HUVECs in Ox-LDL/β2GPⅠ group and Ox-LDL/β2GPⅠ/anti-β2GPⅠ group were significantly increased （P<0.01）； the expression levels of TRAF3IP2， p-IKKγ and p-NF-κB P65 proteins in the HUVECs in were significantly increased （P<0.05）. Compared with Ox-LDL/β2GPⅠ group and Ox-LDL/β2GPⅠ/anti-β2GPⅠ group，the fluorescence intensties of ROS and the levels of ET-1， and the expression levels of TRAF3IP2， p-IKKγ and p-NF-κB P65 in ATO+Ox-LDL/β2GPⅠ group and ATO Ox-LDL/β2GPⅠ/anti-β2GPⅠ group were significantly decreased （P<0.05）.

ATO could alleviate the vascular endothelial dysfunction induced by Ox-LDL/β2GPⅠ/anti-β2GPⅠ complex，and its mechanism may be related to down-regulating the TRAF3IP2/IKK/NF-κB signaling pathway.

To investigate the inhibitory effects of endoplasmic reticulum stress（ERS） and endoplasmic reticulum autophagy on the growth of transplanted melanoma model in amyloid precursor protein（APP）/presenilin 1（PS1）mice， and to clarify the possible mechanism of its inhibitory effect of protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum（PERK）-eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α（eIF2α）-activating transcription factor 4（RATF4） pathway.

The C57BL/6J（C57） and APP/PS1 mice were transplanted with melanoma B16 cells to establish the C57 transplanted tumor and APP/PS1 transplanted tumor models of male mice），and used as C57 transplanted tumor group （n=7） and APP/PS1 transplanted tumor group （n=7）. The tumor appearance time was observed and the tumor volume was calculated of the mice in two groups. The expression levels of glucose regulatory protein 78（GRP78），PERK and lysosomal cathepsin L （cathepsin L） mRNA in the transplanted tumor tissue of the mice in two groups were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR（RT-PCR）.The expression levels of GRP78， PERK， phos-PERK， eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α （eIF2α），p-eIF2α， ATF4， and FAM134B in the transplanted tumor tissue of the mice in two groups were detected by Western blotting method. The expression levels of protein disulfide isomerase（PDI） protein in two groups were detected by immunohistochemistry and the adenosine triphoshate（ATP） levels in the transplanted tumor tissue of the mice were determined by fluorescence assay.

Compared with C57 transplanted tumor group， the tumor appearance time of the mice in APP/PS1 transplanted tumor group was late， and the tumor volume was decreased（P<0.05）；the expression levels of GRP78 and PERK mRNA in the transplanted tumor tissue were increased （P<0.05）， and the expression levels of GRP78， p-PERK/PERK， p-eIF2α/eIF2α and ATF4 proteins were increased（P<0.05）. In C57 transplanted tumor group， melanoma granules were found in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells， which was the morphological characteristic of transplanted tumor tissue， and a small amount of brown granules were found， which were PDI positive granules. In APP/PS1 transplanted tumor group， a small amount of melanoma granules and widely expressed brown granules were found in the cytoplasm of tumor cells. Compared with C57 transplanted tumor group， the expression level of FAM 134B protein in the transplanted tumor tissue of the mice in APP/PS1 transplanted tumor group was increased（P<0.05）， the expression level of cathepsin L mRNA was increased（P<0.05），and the ATP level was decreased（P<0.05）.

The growth of tumor in the APP/PS1 transplanted tumor model mice is slow， and its mechanism may be related to the activation of endoplasmic reticulum stress PERK-eIF2α-ATF4 signaling pathway and regulated endoplasmic reticulum autophagy.

To observe the effects of liraglutide on the renal function and the expressions of podocyte related proteins and the pathomorphologic changes in the rats with diabetic nephropathy （DN）， and to explore their mechanisms.

Twelve of the 48 male SD rats were randomly selected as normal control group （n=12）， and the remaining 36 rats were intraperitoneally injected with streptozotocin （STZ） to establish the diabetes models， and then randomly divided into model group （n=12）， liraglutide group（n=12） and liraglutide+LY294002 group（n=12）.The rats in liraglutide group were intraperitoneally injected with liraglutide， while the rats in liraglutide+LY294002 group were intraperitoneally injected with LY294002 in advance and then intravenously injected with liraglutide 30 min later； the rats in normal control group and model group were intraperitoneally injected with equal amount of saline， once a day for each group. After 8 weeks of treatment， the body weights of rats in various groups were determined， and the urinary albumin to creatinine ratios （UACR） and the levels of fasting blood glucose （FBG）， serum creatinine （Scr）and blood urea nitrogen （BUN） of the rats in various groups were detected. HE staining was used to observe the pathomorphology of kidney tissue of the rats in various groups. The expression levels of Synaptopodin protein in the podocytes of the rats in various groups were detected by immunohistochemistry method. The morphology of podocytes in kidney tissue of the rats were observed by electron microscope. The expression levels of Synaptopodin and phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase/ protein kinase B（PI3K/Akt） signaling pathway related proteins in kidney tissue of the rats in various groups were detected by Western blotting method.

Compared with normal control group， the body weight of rats in model group was significantly reduced （P<0.05）， UACR， FBG， Scr and BUN levels were significantly increased （P<0.05）； compared with model group， UACR， FBG， Scr and BUN levels of the rats in liraglutide group were significantly decreased （P<0.05）. The HE staining results showed that the glomerular volumes in model group were enlarged and mesangial cells and matrix were increased， while the pathomorphologic changes in kidney tissue in liraglutide group were significantly ameliorated compared with model group. The immunohistochemical staining results showed that compared with normal control group， the expression level of Synaptopodin protein in the podocytes in kidney tissue of the rats in model group was significantly decreased （P<0.05）.Compared with model group， the expression level of Synaptopodin protein in podocytes in kidney tissue of the rats in liraglutide group was significantly increased （P<0.05）. In normal control group， the podocytic processes covered the outer surface of the glomerular basement membrane with normal shape and uniform distribution； in model group， the podocytic processes were widened， swollen and fused extensively， and some of the podocytic processes disappeared with lysosomal necrosis and renal interstitial edema； the podocytic processes in liraglutide group were swollen and fused better， and the structures of the podocytic processes were similar to those in normal control group. The Western blotting results showed that compared with normal control group， the expression levels of Synaptopodin， PI3K and p-Akt proteins in kidney tissue of the rats in model group were significantly decreased（P<0.05）；compared with model group， the expression levels of Synaptopodin， PI3K and p-Akt proteins in kidney tissue of the rats in liraglutide group were significantly increased （P<0.05）； compared with liraglutide group， the expression levels of Synaptopodin， PI3K and p-Akt proteins in kidney tissue in liraglutide + LY294002 group were significantly decreased （P<0.05）.

Liraglutide can improve the renal function and alleviate the podocyte injury in the rats with DN by activating PI3K/p-Akt signaling pathway.

To investigate the protective effect of melatonin on the hydrogen peroxide（H₂O₂）-induced oxidative stress injury of human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells， and to explore its mechanism.

The SH-SY5Y cells were cultured in vitro and divided into control group，H₂O₂ group， melatonin groups， and N-acetyl-2-benzyltryptamine（Luzindole） group. The medium containing 200 μmol·L^－1 H₂O₂ was added in H₂O₂ group；different concentrations （1， 5 and 10 μmol·L^－1） of melatonin and medium containing 200 μmol·L^－1 H₂O₂ were added in melatonin groups； 50 μmol·L^－1 Luzindole， 10 μmol·L^－1 melatonin and the medium containing 200 μmol·L^－1 H₂O₂ were added in Luzindole group. The survival rates of human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were measured by CCK-8 method， the apoptotic rates of SH-SY5Y cells in various groups were detected by flow cytometry， and DCFH-DA fluorescence probe was used to detect the levels of reactive oxygen species（ROS） in the cells in various groups. The expression levels of microtubule-associated protein light chain 3-Ⅱ（LC3-Ⅱ）protein in the cells in various groups were detected by Western blotting method， and the fluorescence intensities of autophagic vesicles in various groups were observed by fluorescence microscope.

Compared with control group， the survival rate of SH-SY5Y cells in H₂O₂ group was decreased （P<0.01），the ROS level and the apoptotic rate were increased （P<0.01）. Compared with H₂O₂ group， the survival rates of SH-SY5Y cells in different concentrations of melatonin groups were increased（P<0.05），the ROS levels and the apoptotic rates were significantly decreased （P<0.01），the LC3-Ⅱ protein expression levels were significantly increased （P<0.01）， and the fluorescence intensity of autophagic vesicles in 10 μmol·L^－1 melatonin group was increased（P<0.05）. Compared with 10 μmol·L^－１ melatonin group， the survival rates of SH-SY5Y cells in 1 μmol·L^－１ melatonin group and Luzindole group were significantly decreased（P<0.05）；the ROS levels and the apoptotic rates in the SH-SY5Y cells in 1 and 5 μmol·L^－1 melatonin groups and Luzindole group were significantly increased（P<0.05），and the LC3-Ⅱ protein expression levels in the SH-SY5Y cells were decreased（P<0.05 or （P<0.01）， and the fluorescence intensities of autophagic vessicles in the SH-SY5Y cells in 1 μmol·L^－1 melatonin group and Luzindole group were significantly decreased （P<0.05）.

Melatonin can inhibit the H₂O₂-induced oxidative stress injury of SH-SY5Y cells and has a neuroprotective effect，and its mechanism may be related to reducing the ROS levels and enhancing the autophagy of cells.

To compare the inhibitory effects of juglone on the proliferation of human papilloma virus（HPV）-positive cervical cancer Caski cells， negative C33A cells and Caski cells knocked down the Pin1 gene（shCaski cells），and to explore its possible mechanism.

A lentiviral vector expressing Pin1 shRNA was constructed and used to infect the cells， and shCaski cells were obtained. The Caski， shCaski and C33A cells in the logarithmic growth phase were selected and divided into normal control group and 10， 20， 50 and 100 μmol·L^－1 juglone groups. After juglone treatment for 24 h， the cell proliferation activities in various groups were detected by MTT method. The Caski cells and C33A cells in the logarithmic growth phase were selected and divided into control group and 20 μmol·L^－1 juglone group. After 24 h of treatment of the cells in each group， the percentages of cells in different cell cycles and the early apoptotic rates in various groups were detected by flow cytometry. Hoechst33258 fluorescence staining was used to observe the morphology of nucleus； Western blotting method was used to detect the expressions of cell cycle and apoptosis-related proteins.

The MTT experiment showed that the proliferation activities of the Caski cells in different concentrations of juglone groups were significantly decreased （P<0.05or P<0.01） compared with normal control group， while the proliferation activities of C33A and shCaski cells in 50 and 100 μmol·L^－1 juglone groups were significantly decreased（P<0.05）.The results of Hoechst 33258 staining showed that compared with control group， both the Caski cells and C33A cells in 20 μmol·L^－1juglone group showed increased nuclear fragmentation， and the number of nuclei fragmentation of Caski cells was more than that of C33A cells. The results of flow cytometry showed that compared with control group， the percentage of Caski cells in G₂ phase in 20μmol·L^－1 juglone group was increased significantly （P<0.01）； while there was no significant difference in the percentage of C33A cells in G₂ phase in 20 μmol·L^－1 juglone group（P>0.05）；compared with control group，the early apoptotic rate of Caski cells in 20 μmol·L^－1 juglone group was increased significantly （P<0.01）； while the early apoptotic rate of C33A cells in 20 μmol·L^－1 juglone group was also increased， but there was no significantly difference（P>0.05）. The Western blotting results showed that compared with the C33A cells，the expression amount of Pin1 protein in the Caski cells was more higher； and the expression amount of Pin1 protein in Caski and shCaski cells in 20 μmol·L^－1 juglone group were decreased. Compared with control group， the expression amounts of cell cycle-related proteins in the C33A cells in 20 μmol·L^－1 juglone group did not change significantly； the expression amount of pATM， pChk2， pCdc25c Ser216 and pCdc25c Tyr216 in the Caski cells in 20 μmol·L^－1 juglone group were increased， while the expression amount of pCdc25c protein was decreased in 20 μmol·L^－1 juglone group；the expression amount of Cdk1 protein didn’t change obviously. Compared with control group， the amounts of Bcl-2 and mitochondrial CytC Caski cells in 20 μmol·L^－1 juglone group were decreased， but the expression amounts of cytoplasmic CytC，Bax，Cleaved Caspase-3 and Cleaved PARP proteins in the Caski cells in 20 μmol·L^－1 juglone group were increased.

Juglone has stronger inhibitory and pro-apoptotic effects in the HPV-positive cervical cancer cells than negative cells； its mechanism may be related to the specific inhibition of Pin1 gene by juglone.

To explore the effect of rutin on the colorectal cancer （CRC） SW480 cells， and to clarify the effect of rutin in the treatment of CRC and its possible molecular mechanism.

The Comparative Toxicogenomics（CTD） and GeneCards databases were used to predict the intersection mRNA related to rutin； Gene Ontdogy（GO） and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genones（KEGG） databases were used to predict the biological function and action pathways of the intersection mRNA； String database was used to find the Notch-1 related proteins. The human CRC SW480 cells were used as the subjects， 0.1， 1.0， and 10.0 μmol·L^－1 DAPT were given for preliminary screening， then 1， 2， 4， 8 and 10 μmol·L^－1 DAPT were given to intervene， and the optimal concentrations of rutin and DAPT were screened out. The human CRC SW480 cells were divided into blank control group， rutin group （22 μmol·L^－1）， DAPT group （1 μmol·L^－1） and rutin+DAPT group（22 μmol·L^－1 rutin+1 μmol·L^－1 DAPT）.MTT method was used to detect the cell proliferation activities； Hoechst33258 nuclear staining was used to observe the apopotic morphology of cells，and flow cytometry was used to detect the apoptotic rates；real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR（RT-qPCR） method was performed to detect the expression levels of Notch-1 mRNA in the SW480 cells in various groups； Western blotting method was used to determine the protein expression levels of Notch-1，caspase-3，caspase-9，B-cell lymphoma 2（Bcl-2），and Bcl-2 associated X protein in the SW480 cells in various groups.

In CTD and GeneCards databases， there were a total of 34 intersection mRNA；the GO and KEGG databases predicted that the intersection mRNA was related to the process of colon cancer apoptosis； String database verified 16 Notch-1 related proteins （score>0.42）； the optimal administration concentrations of rutin and DAPT were 22 μmol·L^－1 and 1 μmol·L^－1； compared with blank control group， the apoptotic rates in rutin group， DAPT group and rutin+DAPT group were increased significantly （P<0.05）， the expression levels of Notch1 mRNA and protein were significantly reduced （P<0.05）， the expression levels of caspase-3， caspase-9， and Bax proteins in the cells were increased significantly（P<0.05）， while the expression levels of Bcl-2 protein were decreased significantly （P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in the apoptotic rate between rutin group and DAPT group （P>0.05）. Compared with rutin group and DAPT group， the apoptotic rate in rutin+DAPT group was significantly increased（P<0.05）， the expression levels of caspase-3， caspase-9， and Bax proteins were increased significantly（P<0.05），while the expression level of Bcl-2 protein was decreased significantly（P<0.05）.

The results of bioinformatics analysis and experiment show that rutin can promote the apoptosis of CRC cells， which may be achieved by targeting Notch-1 and regulating MAPK signal pathway.

To explore the effect of sufentanil on the apoptosis of myocardial cells and the long non-coding RNA-MALAT1 （LncRNA-MALAT1） targeted extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 （ERK1/2） signaling pathway in the myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury（MIRI） rats， and to clarify the possible mechanism of sufentanil in the MIRI rats.

Thirty male SD rats were randomly divided into sham operation group， model group and sufentanil group， with 10 rats in each group. The MIRI model was prepared by ligation of the anterior descending branch of the left coronary artery （LAD）. In sham operation group， only thorax of the rats was opened without ligation.The rats in sufentanil group were injected with sufentanil 1 μg?kg^－1 through the tail veins 10 min before reperfusion，and the rats in sham operation group and model group were injected with the same amount of normal saline through the tail veins.The expression levels of LncRNA-MALAT1 in myocardium tissue of the rats in various groups were detected by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR （RT-qPCR） and fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） methods； the apoptotic rates of cardiomyocytes of the rats in various groups were determined by TUNEL method； the expression levels of cysteine protease protein-3 （caspase-3），cleaved cysteine protease protein-3 （cleaved-caspase-3），B-cell lymphoma-2 （Bcl-2）， Bcl-2 associated X protein（Bax），ERK1/2 and phosphorylated ERK1/2 （p-ERK1/2） proteins in myocardium tissue of the rats in various groups were detected by Western blotting method. The hypoxia-reoxygenation model of cardiomyocytes was constructed to simulate the MIRI in vivo， and the experiment was divided into control group， model group， sufentanil group， pcDNA-MALAT1 group （MALAT1 group）， sufentanil+pcDNA-MALAT1 group （sufentanil+MALAT1 group）. The expression levels of caspase-3， cleaved-caspase-3， Bax，Bcl-2， ERK1/2 and p-ERK1/2 in the H9C2 cells were detected by Western blotting method.

The animal experiment results showed that compared with sham operation group， the LncRNA-MALAT1 expression level in myocardium tissue of the rats in model group， the apoptotic rate of cardiomyocytes， the expression levels of cleaved-caspase-3， and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 were increased significantly （P<0.05）； the expression levels of p-ERK1/2 proteins were decreased significantly （P<0.05）； compared with model group， the LncRNA-MALAT1 expression level in the myocardium tissue of the rats in sufentanil group， the apoptotic rate of cardiomyocytes， the expression level cleaved-caspase-3，and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 were decreased significantly （P<0.05）； the expression levels of p-ERK1/2 proteins were increased significantly （P<0.05）. The cell experiment results showed that compared with control group， the expression level of cleaved-caspase-3 and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in the HPC2 cells in model group were increased significantly （P<0.05）， and the expression levels of p-ERK1/2 proetins were decreased significantly （P<0.05）； compared with model group， the expression level of cleaved-caspase-3 and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in the HPC2 cells in the sufentanil group were decreased significantly （P<0.05）， and the expression levels of p-ERK1/2 proteins were increased significantly （P<0.05）； compared with MALAT1 group， the expression level of cleaved-caspase-3 and the ratio of Bax/Bcl-2 in the HPC2 cells in sufentanil+MALAT1 group were decreased significantly （P<0.05），and the expression levels of p-ERK1/2 proteins were increased significantly （P<0.05）.

Sufentanil can attenuate the apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in the MIRI rats， and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of LncRNA-MALAT1 to activate the ERK1/2 signaling pathway.

To explore the effects of tumor-associated macrophages （TAM） polarization state on the self-renewal ability and vasculogenic mimicry of prostate cancer （Pca） stem cells， and to clarify the effect of TAM in the development of PCa.

The PCa stem cells were selected from human PCa cell line DU145， and the human mononuclear leukemia cell strain THP-1 was induced into the M2 TAM， which was used as induction group， and the uninduced THP-1 cells were used as control group；real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR（RT-qPCR） method was used to detect the expression levels of inducible nitric oxide synthase （iNOS） mRNA and recombinant human arginase-1 （Arg-1） mRNA in the cells. The experiment was divided into PCa-cancer stem cells（CSC） group （PCa stem cells were cultured in the conventional culture medium）， THP-1+PCa-CSC group （PCa stem cells were cultured in the culture supernatant of uninduced THP-1 cells） and TAM+PCa-CSC group （PCa stem cells were cultured in TAM-conditioned medium of induced THP-1 cells）； a co-culture system of TAM and PCa stem cells was established by simulating the microenvironment.After 48 h of culture， the spheroidization of PCa stem cells in various groups was detected by cell spheroidization experiment， the number of cell colonies of PCa stem cells in various groups was detected by cell clone formation experiment，cell scratch test was used detect the scratch healing rates of cells in various groups， and Transwell chamber test was used to detect the number of invasion PCa stem cells in various groups； vasculogenic mimicry formation experiment was used to detect the number of tubular structures of PCa stem cells in various groups.

The human PCa DU145 cells were sorted to obtain the CD44+CD133+ labeled prostate cancer stem cells. Compared with control group， the THP-1 cells in induction group showed irregular polygonal shapes， the expression level of iNOS mRNA was decreased （t=21.021， P<0.05）， the expression level of Arg-1 mRNA was increased （t=26.153， P<0.05）， the expression level of CD86 protein was decreased（t=34.556，P<0.05），and the expression level of CD206 protein was increased（t=31.095，P<0.05）. Compared with PCa-CSC group， the volumes of cell spheroids in THP-1+Pca-CSC group and TAM+Pca-CSC group were larger， the number of cell colonies was increased（P<0.05）， the scratch healing rates were increased（P<0.05）， the number of invasion cells was increased（P<0.05）， and the number of tubular structures of cells was also increased（P<0.05）. Compared with THP-1+PCa-CSC group， the volume of the cell spheroids in TAM+PCa-CSC group was further increased（P<0.05）， the number of cell colonies and the number of invasion cells were increased（P<0.05）， the scratch healing rate was increased（P<0.05），and the number of cell tubular structures was increased（P<0.05）.

Regulating the polarization state of TAM can induce the metastasis of PCa stem cells， and further promote their self-renewal and vasculogenic mimicry formation.

To investigate the effect of Tongguan Xiaozheng Decoction （TGXZ） in the rats with tubal inflammatory infertility， and to explore its possible molecular mechanism.

A total of 92 SD female rats aged 6－8 weeks were selected， and the rat models of tubal inflammatory infertility were constructed by vaginal inoculation with mixed bacteria. The 60 model rats were randomly divided into model group， western medicine （metronidazole tablets and levofloxacin hydrochloride capsules） group and low （5.33 g·kg^－1）， medium （10.67 g·kg^－1）， and high （21.33 g·kg^－1） doses of TGXZ groups， with 12 rats in each group， and another 12 normal rats were taken as normal control group. All rats were intragastrically administered twice a day， once in the morning and evening， for a total of 1 dose， for 30 d. The mental state， activity levels， water consumptions， paw color， etc. of the rats in various groups were observed and recorded； ELISA method was used to measure the levels of serum interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， interleukin-6 （IL-6）， interleukin-10 （IL-10）， tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） of the rats in various groups； Hematoxylin eosin （HE） staining was used to observe the pathomorphology of fallopian tube tissue of the rats in various groups； Western blotting method was used to detect the expression levels of Toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-kB （TLR4/NF-κB） signaling pathway related proteins in the fallopian tube tissue of the rats in various groups； the conception rates of rats in various groups were calculated.

The rats in normal control group had good mental state， normal activity and drinking water， and white claw color. The mental state of the rats in model group was depressed， the amount of activity and drinking water were decreased， and the claw color was dark red. The general situation of rats in medium dose of TGXZ group， high dose of TGXZ group and Western medicine group was significantly improved， the mental state of rats recovered， the amounts of activity and drinking water were increased， and the color of claw became lighter. Compared with normal control group， the serum IL-1β， IL-6， IL-10， and TNF-α levels of the rats in model group were significantly increased （P<0.05）， and the inflammatory cell infiltration score of fallopian tube tissue was significantly increased （P<0.05）， the expression levels of TLR4， p-IκBα and NF-κB p65 proteins in fallopian tube tissue were significantly increased （P<0.05）， the IκBα protein expression level was significantly reduced （P<0.05）， and the conception rate of rats was significantly reduced （P<0.05）. Compared with model group， the levels of serum IL-1β， IL-6， IL-10， and TNF-α in medium and high doses of TGXZ groups were significantly reduced （P<0.05）， and the inflammatory cell infiltration scores of fallopian tube tissue were significantly reduced （P<0.05）， the expression levels of TLR4， p-IκBα and NF-κB p65 in fallopian tube tissue were significantly decreased （P<0.05）， the IκBα protein expression level was significantly increased （P<0.05）， and the conception rate was significantly increased （P<0.05）； but there were no significant differences in the above indicators in low dose of TGXZ group （P>0.05）. Compared with low dose of TGXZ group， the serum IL-1β， IL-6， IL-10， and TNF-α levels of the rats in medium and high dose of TGXZ groups， the inflammatory cell infiltration scores of fallopian tube tissue， the expression levels of TLR4， p-IκBα and NF-κB p65 proteins in fallopian tube tissue were decreased significantly （P<0.05），and the conception rates and the IκBα expression levels were increased significantly （P<0.05）.

TGXZ can effectively reduce the levels of serum inflammatory factors in the rats with tubal inflammatory infertility， and its mechanism may be related to the inhibition of the activity of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.

To investigate the effect of calycosin on the intestinal mucosal inflammation and barrier function in the cirrhosis rats， and to elucidate its mechanism.

The rat models of cirrhosis were induced by carbon tetrachoride （CCl₄） combined with ethanol complex method.A total of 36 cirrhosis rats were randomly divided into model group， low dose of calycosin group （5 mg·kg^－1） and high dose of calycosin group （20 mg·kg^－1）， with 12 rats in each group，and another 12 SD rats were used as control group.The rats in low and high dose calycosin groups were given corresponding drugs by gavage，and the rats in control group and model group were given equal amount of saline by gavage，once a day， for consecutive 4 weeks. The activities of alanine aminotransferase （ALT） and aspartate aminotransferase （AST） in serum of the rats in various groups were determined by biochemistry method， HE staining was used to observe the pathomorphology of liver and ileum tissues of the rats in various groups.The levels of D-lactic acid （D-LA）， diamine oxidase （DAO） and endotoxin （ET） in serum and the levels of interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） and interleukin-6 （IL-6） in ileum tissue were detected by ELISA. The expression levels of Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）， nuclear factor kappa B p65 （NF-κB p65） and NF-κB inhibitor α （IκBα） proteins in ileum tissue of the rats in various groups were detected by Western blotting method.

Compared with control group， severe damage to the liver and ileum tissue in model group was revealed， the activities ALT， AST and the levels of D-LA， DAO and ET in serum were significantly increased （P<0.05）， the levels of IL-1β， TNF-α and IL-6 and the expression levels of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 proteins in ileum tissue were significantly increased （P<0.05）， while the expression level of IκBα protein was significantly decreased （P<0.05）. Compared with model group， the damage of liver and ileum tissue of the rats in high dose of calycosin group was significantly improved， the activities of ALT， AST and the levels of D-LA， DAO and ET in serum were significantly decreased （P<0.05）， the levels of IL-1β， TNF-α， IL-6 and the expression levels of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 proteins in ileum tissue were significantly decreased （P<0.05）， and the expression level of IκBα protein was significantly increased （P<0.05）；compared with model group， there were no statistical differences in the above indexes in low dose of calycosin group（P>0.05）. Compared with low dose of calycosin group， the damage of liver and ileum tissue of the rats in high dose of calycosin group was significantly improved， the activities of ALT， AST and the levels of D-LA， DAO and ET in serum were significantly decreased （P<0.05）， the levels of IL-1β， TNF-α， IL-6 and the expression levels of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 proteins in ileum tissue were significantly decreased （P<0.05）， and the expression level of IκBα protein was significantly increased （P<0.05）.

Calycosin can improve the damage of intestinal mucosal barrier in the cirrhosis rats， and its mechanism may be related to inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.

To investigate the effect of antibacterial peptide LL-37 on the myocardial injury in the diabetic cardiomyopathy （DCM） rats， and to elucidate its possible mechanism.

A total of 48 SD rats were randomly divided into normal control group， model group， low dose of LL-37 group （0.5 mg·kg^－1） and high dose of LL-37 group（2.0 mg·kg^－1），with 12 rats in each group. Except for normal control group， the rats in other groups were fed with high-fat diet combined with intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin （STZ） to establish the DCM models. After the models were successfully established， the LL-37 drug intervention was performed in low and high doses of LL-37 groups， once a day for 6 weeks. The body weights and fasting blood glucose （FBG） levels of the rats in various groups were monitored； the serum total cholesterol （TC） and triglyceride （TG） levels of the rats in various groups were detected. Cardiac ultrasonography was used to detect the cardiac function of the rats.The pathomorphology of myocardium tissue of the rats in various groups were observed by HE staining. TUNEL staining was used to detect the apoptotic rates of myocardial cells of the rats in various groups. The levels of inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β （IL-1β）， interleukin-6 （IL-6） and tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α） in myocardium tissue of the rats in various groups were detected by ELISA. The expression levels of Toll-like receptor 4 （TLR4）， nuclear factor kappa B p65 （NF-κB p65） and NF-κB inhibitor α（IκBα） proteins in myocardium tissue of the rats in various groups were detected by Western blotting method.

Compared with normal control group， the myocardial injury of the rats in model group was serious，the left ventricular ejection fraction （LVEF），the left ventricular fractional shortening（LVFS） and the body weight were significantly decreased （P<0.05），the left ventricular end diastolic diameter （LVEDd），the left ventricular end systolic diameter （LVEDs），the levels of FBG， TC， TG and the apoptotic rate of myocardial cells were significantly increased （P<0.05），the levels of IL-1β， IL-6 and TNF-α and the expression levels of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 proteins in myocardium tissue of the rats were significantly increased （P<0.05）， while the expression level of IκBα protein was significantly decreased （P<0.05）. Compared with model group and low dose of LL-37 group， the myocardial injury of the rats in high dose of LL-37 group was significantly improved，the LVEF， LVFS and the body weight were significantly increased （P<0.05）， while the LVEDd， LVEDs， the levels of FBG， TC， TG and the apoptotic rates of myocardial cells were significantly decreased （P<0.05）， the levels of IL-1β， IL-6 and TNF-α and the expression levels of TLR4 and NF-κB p65 proteins in myocardium tissue were significantly decreased （P<0.05）， while the expression level of IκBα protein was significantly increased （P<0.05）. Compared with model group， there were no significant changes in all above indexes in low dose of LL-37 group （P>0.05）.

Antimicrobial peptide LL-37 can improve the cardiac function of DCM rats， inhibit the inflammation of myocardium tissue and apoptosis， protect the myocardial injury， and inhibit the activation of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.

To explore the inhibitory effects of ginsenoside Rh2 （G-Rh2） combined with sodium fluoride （NaF） on the growth of Streptococcus mutans and biofilm formation in vitro， and to provide theoretical basis for their application in stomatological clinic.

The half minimum inhibitory concentrations （MIC₅₀） of G-Rh2 and NaF against Streptococcus mutans were measured by microdilution method；the MIC₅₀ value of G-Rh2 combined with NaF on Streptococcus mutans was measured by chessboard microdilution method，and the fractional inhibitory concentration （FIC） value was calculated to judge the combined effect of these two drugs. When FIC<0.5， it was proved that the two drugs had synergistic inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans. The half minimum biofilm inhibition concentrations（MBIC₅₀） of G-Rh2 and NaF against Streptococcus mutans were measured by crystal violet staining test.The experiment was divided into blank control group， MIC₅₀G-Rh2 group， MIC₅₀NaF group and MIC₅₀G-Rh2+MIC₅₀NaF combined group， the growth curve and acid production test were used to evaluate the growth speeds and inhibitory rates of acid production of Streptococcus mutans in each group； the experiment was divided into blank control group， MBIC₅₀G-Rh2 group， MBIC₅₀NaF group and MBIC₅₀G-Rh2+MBIC₅₀NaF combined group，the changes of biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans and structures were observed by crystal violet staining test and scanning electron microscope in each group.The blank control group did not contain any drugs.

The MIC₅₀ of G-Rh2 and NaF acting on Streptococcus mutans alone were 25.000 and 125.000 mg·L^－1，respectively；the MIC₅₀ of G-Rh2 combined with NaF on Streptococcus mutans were 5.00 and 31.25 mg·L^－1，the FIC index was 0.45 and less than 0.5， which proved that the two drugs had synergistic inhibitory effect on Streptococcus mutans.The MBIC₅₀ of G-Rh2 and NaF were 22.5 and 62.5 mg·L^－1.The growth speed of Streptococcus mutans in MIC₅₀G-Rh2+MIC₅₀NaF combined group was significantly lower than those in blank control group， MIC₅₀G-Rh2 group and MIC₅₀NaF group（P<0.05）.The ΔpH values in MIC₅₀G-Rh2 group，MIC₅₀NaF group and MIC₅₀G-Rh2+MIC₅₀NaF combined group were lower than that in blank control group， and the ΔpH value in MIC₅₀G-Rh2+MIC₅₀NaF combined group was lower than those in MIC₅₀G-Rh2 group and MIC₅₀NaF group（P<0.05）.The inhibition rate of acid production in MIC₅₀G-Rh2+MIC₅₀NaF combined group was higher than those in MIC₅₀G-Rh2 group and MIC₅₀NaF group（P<0.05），and the amount of biofilm formation in MBIC₅₀G-Rh2+MBIC₅₀NaF combined group was significantly lower than those in blank control group，MBIC₅₀G-Rh2 group and MBIC₅₀NaF group （P<0.01）.The scanning electron microscope results showed that the thickness of biofilm， and the mass of extracellular base in MBIC₅₀G-Rh2 group and MBIC₅₀NaF group were decreased， the arrangement of bacteria was loose； while in MBIC₅₀G-Rh2+MBIC₅₀NaF combined group， the biofilm structure was disappeared， the number of bacteria was decreased，and the morphology of bacteria was changed.

The combination of G-Rh2 and NaF has the synergistic inhibitory effect on the growth and biofilm formation of Streptococcus mutans in vitro.

To investigate the effect of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus（SCF）in the occurrence and development of thoracic aortic aneurysm（TAA）， and to clarify its possible mechanism. Methords：The informations from multiple databases of Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform（TCMSP），Uniprot， Swiss TargetPrediction，CTD，GeneCards， OpenTargets， and OMIM were integrated to obtain the potential targets for the treatment of TAA by SCF； the protein-protein interaction （PPI） network was constructed by String database and Cytoscape software， and the key targets of SCF acted on TAA were selected by topological analysis； Omicshare online analysis platform was used to conduct GO and KEGG enrichment analysis on the potential targets； the gene expression profile of rat smooth muscle cells stimulated by Schisandra chinese（turcz.） baill （SchB）， the main active ingredients of SCF was obtained from GEO database to verify the expression levels of core targets； Autodock software was used for molecular docking validation of key targets.

A total of 46 potential targets of SCF protected against TAA were obtained； GO enrichment analysis mainly involved biological processes such as cell proliferation， catalytic activity， protein metabolic process and so on； KEGG enrichment analysis mainly involved three signal pathways， including vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）， receptor tyrosine-protein kinase （ErbB） and hypoxia-inducible factor 1（HIF-1）.The 10 core targets such as signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 （STAT3） and matrix metalloproteinase 9 （MMP9） were obtained by topological network analysis. The results of gene expression profile showed that compared with TGF-β1 group， the expression levels of core target genes STAT3 and MMP9 in TGF-β1-SchB group were significantly down regulated（P<0.05）.

SchB， the main active component of SCF， may inhibit the expression of MMP9 in vascular smooth muscle by targeting STAT3 and other signal pathways， so as to reduce the degradation of extracellular matrix in aorta and inhibit the occurrence and development of TAA.

To establish a prediction model of 5-year survival after operation in the pancreatic cancer patients by random forest algorithm， and to provide guidance for prognosis evaluation after operation in the pancreatic cancer patients.

Surveillance， Epidemzology，and End Results Program（SEER） database was used to collect 42，618 data of the pancreatic cancer patients and their prognosis which met the requirements of this study. After data screening， 4，020 data of the patients were finally included. The subjects were randomly divided into training set and test set， and the characteristic variables were selected by means of χ^２ test， multivariate Logistic regression analysis and random forest variable importance ranking； Synthetic Minority Oversampling Technique（SMOTE） was used to adjust the training set to a balanced data set； Based on the balanced data set， the prediction model was constructed by using random forest algorithm； Using the test set， based on the four evaluation indexes of G-mean index， sensitivity， specificity， and area under receiver operating characteristic（ROC） curve（AUC）， the prediction model was evaluated by comparing with logistic regression analysis， support vector machine， decision tree and artificial neural network algorithm.

The original training set contained 2，814 samples， of which 196 patients with a survival time ≥5 years， accounting for about 1/13. It was an unbalanced data set. The balanced data set was obtained after adjustment by SMOTE， and the number of two classification samples was basically balanced. The final variables included in the model were age， race， primary tumor location， tumor differentiation degrees， radiotherapy or not， T stage， N stage， marital status， tumor size and lymph node positive rate. The G-mean index of pancreatic cancer prediction model based on random forest algorithm was 0.830， and the AUC was 0.833， which was better than Logistic regression analysis， support vector machine， decision tree and artificial neural network.

The prediction performance of prediction model of pancreatic cancer based on random forest algorithm is better than other common machine learning methods in predicting the 5-year survival rate of patients with pancreatic cancer. It can provide a basis for clinicians to improve the prognosis and survival of patients with pancreatic cancer.

To investigate the influence of age of patients in the kinetic parameters of early embryonic development and embryonic developmental potential， and to provide a theoretical basis for studying the relationship between patients’ age and embryo quality.

The clinical materials of infertile female patients who underwent in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer （IVF-ET） assisted fertility treatment in our department were retrospectively analyzed， and the patients were divided into <30 years old group （48 cases， 439 embryos）， 30 years old≤patients’ age<40 years old group （129 cases，1 019 embryos） and ≥40 years old group （48 cases， 176 embryos） according to their ages. All embryos were cultured in the Time-lapse culture system until Day 3； the developmental dynamics of early embryos were observed， and the number of eggs obtained， fertilization rates， cleavage rates， number of available embryos， number of excellent embryos， etc were compared among three groups； at the same time， the relationship between age and embryonic developmental arrest was also explored.

Compared with≥40 years old group， the number of eggs obtained， the number of available embryos， and the number of high-quality embryos of the patients in <30 years old group and 30 years old≤ patient’s age<40 years old group were increased （P<0.05）； there were statistical differences in time from fertilization to division into 3 cells stages（t3）， time from fertilization to division into 4 cells stages（t4），fertilization time to division into 5 cells stages（t5），time from fertilization to division into 6 cells stages（t6）， time from 2 cells to 3 cells （cc2） among three groups （P<0.05）； the time from fertilization to division into 2 cells stages（t2） and t6 in 30 years old≤patients’ age<40 years old group were longer than those in <30 years old group （P<0.05）； t3 in ≥40 years old group was longer than that in <30 years old group and 30 years old ≤patients’ age<40 yeras old group （P<0.05）， and t3 in 30 years old ≤patients’ age <40 years old group were also longer than those in <30 years old group （P<0.05）； t4 and t5 in ≥40 years old group were longer than those in <30 years old group （P<0.05）， and cc2 in ≥40 years old group was longer than those in <30 years old group and 30 years old≤patients age<40 years old group （P<0.05）； there were no statistical differences in time from fertilization to the disappearance of the two pronucleis（tPNF），time from fertilization to division into 7 cells stages（t7）， time from fertilization to division into 8 cells stages（t8）， time from 3 cells to 4 cells（s2）， time from 5 cells to 8 cells（s3）， time from 3 cells to 5 cells（cc3） among three groups （P>0.05）.Compared with <30 years old group and 30 years old ≤patients’ age <40 years old group， the fragmentation rate of patients in ≥40 years old group was increased （P<0.05）， the incidence of other abnormal division events had a tendency to increase， but there were no statistically significant differences（P>0.05）； compared with <30 years old group and 30 years old≤patients’ age<40 years old group， the proportions of embryos developed to 5 cells， 6 cells， 7 cells and 8 cells in ≥40 years old group were decreased （P<0.05）.

The patients’ age has a certain influence in the developmental dynamics of embryos， with the increase of the patients’ age， the probability of developmental arrest of embryos increases.

To investigate the promotion effect of regenerating gene 1A（REG1A） on the proliferation and migration of lung adenocarcinoma cells and its regulation effect on Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway，and to clarify its possible mechanism.

The gene expresson profiles of 515 patients with lung adenocarcinoma and 59 paracancerous normal lung tissue met the requirement of this study were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas （TCGA） database. According to the median value of the REG1A distribution level， they were divided into high and low expression groups.R 3.6.1 software was employed to analyze the differentially expressed genes between two groups.The Gene Ontology （GO） function annotation was carried out for the differential genes. Meanwhile， GSEA4.1.0 was used for Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes（KEEF） enrichment analysis of the differential genes. Wnt signaling pathway， the signaling pathway that scored the best，was screened， and the mRNA and the protein expression levels of REG1A in the human normal lung epithelial cells （BEAS-2B） and lung adenocarcinoma cells （A549， LC-2， HCC515 and PC14） were tested by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR（RT-qPCR） and Western blotting methods. The liposome transfection method was used to transfect shREG1A and shNC into the A549 cells， and the A549 cells with REG1A expression knockdown were treated by lithium chloride. The A549 cells were divided into shNC group，shREG1A group，shREG1A+PBS group， and shREG1A+LiCl group.The proliferation activities of the cells in various groups were detected by CCK-8 method.The migration of cells in various groups was detected by Transwell assay.The mRNA and proein expression levels of Wnt-3a，β-catenin，and c-Myc in the cells in various groups were detected with RT-qPCR and Western blotting methods.

The 78 differential genes in low and high expression REG1A groups were screened out， including 50 up-regulated genes and 28 down-regulated genes； these genes were mainly enriched in proton antiporter activity，endoribonuclease activity，maintenance of gastrointestinal epithelium and so on， and the enriched pathways included Wnt signaling pathway，JAK-STAT signaling pathway，and cancer signaling pathway， etc； among which the Wnt signaling pathway had the highest enrichment score. The RT-qPCR and Western blotting results indicated that the expression levels of REG1A mRNA and protein in the lung adenocarcinoma A549，LC-2，HCC515，and PC14 cells were obviously higher than those in human normal lung epithelial cells BEAS-2B（P<0.05）.The REG1A mRNA and protein expression levels in the A549 cells in shREG1A group were obviously decreased compared with shNC group （P<0.05） after REG1A knockdown. There were statistically significant differences in the cell proliferation activities and the number migration cells among shNC group，shREG1A group，shREG1A+PBS group，and shREG1A+LiCl group（P<0.05）；the cell proliferation activities in shREG1A group were significantly lower than those in shNC group and shREG1A+LiCl group（P<0.05），and the number of migration cells in shREG1A group was lower than those in shNC group and shREG1A+LiCl group（P<0.05），but there were no significant differences in the cell proliferation activities and the number of migration cells between shREG1A group and shREG1A+PBS group（P>0.05）.

REG1A is highly expressed in the lung adenocarcinoma cells. It could promote the proliferation and migration of A549 cells through regulating the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. After knockdown REG1A， the proliferation and migration abilities of the A549 cells are significantly inhibited.

To investigate the related factors of pregnancy outcome after fresh embryo transfer in in-vitro fertilization/intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection（IVF/ICSI），and to provide a reference for making and optimizing the individualized transplantation strategy in chinic.

The clinical materials of 635 fresh embryo transfer in IVF/ICSI cycles were retrospsectively analyzed. According to the pregnancy outcome， they were divided into clinical pregnancy group （n=354） and non-pregnancy group （n=281）. The general data， clinical data and laboratory data of the patients in two groups were collected and univariate analysis was performed. The influencing factors with significant differences and clinical significance were included in multiple Logistic regression analysis.

The univariate analysis results showed that there were 14 indicators with statistically significant differences between clinical pregnancy group and non-pregrancy group（P<0.25）. Combined with the clinical significance， 12 indicators were included in the multiple Logistic regression model. The results of multiple multiple Logistic regression analysis showed age of female （P=0.002）， number of antral follicle count（AFC） （P=0.031），serum progesterone （P） level on human chorionic gonadotropin（hCG） trigger day （P=0.007），number of useable embryo on Day 3 （P=0.002） and number of transferred embryos （P<0.001） were identified as the independent related factors of pregnancy outcome of fresh embryo transfer following assisted reproductive technology. Compared with the patients aged<35 years old， the patients aged ≥35 years old had a lower pregnancy rate by 45.4% （OR=0.546，OR95%CI：0.370－0.806）， the clinical pregnancy rate of the patients with serum P level on hCG trigger day≥1.0 μg·L^－1 was 38.1% lower than that of the patients with P level<1.0 μg·L^－1（OR=0.619，OR95%CI：0.437－0.877）and the clinical pregnancy rate of two embryos transfer was nearly doubled compared with single embryo transfer （OR=1.947，OR95%CI：1.375－2.757）. The clinical pregnancy rates of of the patients with AFC>15 and useable embryos>4 on Day 3 were increased to 48.5% （OR=1.485，OR95%CI：1.036－2.129） and 77.5% （OR=1.775，OR95%CI：1.240－2.541）， respectively.

Age of female， AFC， serum P level on hCG trigger day， number of useable embryo on Day 3 and number of transferred embryos are identified as the independent related factors of fresh embryo transfer outcome following assisted reproductive technology. Female aged<35 years old， AFC>15， serum P level on hCG trigger day <1.0 μg·L^－1，useable embryos on Day 3>4 and two embryos transfer contribute to improve the clinical pregnancy rate in fresh embryo transfer. It can be appropriately referred when making the transplantation strategy.

To explore the effects of two Er： YAG laser activation irrigation techniques on the removal of calcium hydroxide［Ca（OH）₂］ in the root canals and the apical sealing ability， and to clarify the clinical application value of this technique in root canal irrigation.

A total of 80 isolated single Ca（OH）₂ premolars were prepared to 35# after crown cut， and the root canals were filled with hydroxide paste. According to different irrigation techniques， all samples were randomly divided into 4 groups （n=20）：ultrasonically activated irrigation group， photon initiated photoacoustic streaming（PIPS） group， shock wave enhanced emission photoacoustic streaming（SWEEPS） group， and negative control group. First， 10 samples of each group were randomly selected for longitudinal sections， then they were observed with scanning electron microscepe（SEM） and scored. Secondly， the remaining samples of each group were subjected to root canal filling and dye penetration experiments. The effects of different irrigation techniques on the removal Ca（OH）₂ were compared， and the dye penetration lengthes in various groups were analyzed.

The three experimental groups were unable to completely remove Ca（OH）₂ in the root canal； compared with cervical third and middle third， the residual Ca（OH）₂ score in the apical third was significantly increased （P<0.05）.Compared with ultrasonically activated irrigation group， the residual Ca（OH）₂ scores in PIPS group and SWEEPS group were increased in the cervical third（P<0.05）. While in the middle third， compared with ultrasonically activated irrigation group，the residual Ca（OH）₂ score in _{SWEEPS group was increased （P<0.05）. The apical third did not show significant differences among experimental groups（P>0.05）. There were no significant differences between PIPS and SWEEPS in the residual Ca（OH）2 scores in the cervical， middle and apical thirds（P>0.05）. There was no significant difference in the dye penetration length among various groups （P>0.05）.}

PIPS and SWEEPS techniques have the similar ability to remove Ca（OH）₂， and compared with ultrasonically actirated irrigation， the removal effects of Ca（OH）₂ in the middle and upper part of the root canal are better， and after the three irrigation techniques are applied， the residual Ca（OH）₂ hardly affect the apical sealing ability of the root canal filling material in the short term.

To analyze the semen quality of male infertility patients， and to discuss the general situation and trend of semen quality of the male infertility patients in recent years.

A total of 4 190 male infertility patients who were treated in Reproduction Medicine Center of 73rd Army Hospital of the People’s Liberation Army and Reproductive Medicine Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University were selected and their total semen parameters were analyzed. The patients were grouped according to age， testing year， abstinence days and testing season， and the routine parameters of semen and the percentage of normal sperm were analyzed and compared between groups.Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to analyze the effects of age， testing year， abstinence days and testing season on the semen parameters.

The mean age of the patients was （31.81±5.55） years old；the medians of semen volume serum， pH value semen， sperm concentration， total number of sperm，total motility rate， forward motility sperm（PR） and percentage of normal sperm of patients were 3.0 mL， 7.3， 47×10⁶mL^－1， 139.3×10⁶/each ejaculation， 75%， 53% and 3.4%，respectively.There were statistically significant differences in the semen parameters between testing year groups （P<0.05），and the total motility rate， PR and the percentage of normal sperm of patients showed a decreasing trend from 2017—2019.Among age groups， there were significant differences in the total activity rates and percentages of normal sperm of patients among various groups（P<0.05）. In abstinence groups day， there were statistically significant differences in the sperm concentrations， total number of sperm， total motility rates of sperm and PR of patients among various groups （P<0.05）. In the seasonal groups， there were statistically significant differences in the sperm concentrations， total motility rate of sperm， PR and percentages of normal sperm of patients among various groups（P<0.05）.The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that there was no significant differences in the semen parameters between different age groups；the abstinence days was related to sperm concentration， total number of sperm， total motility rate of sperm and PR of patients， and the seasonal variation was related to the total sperm， total motility rate of sperm and PR of patients.

The total motility rate， PR and percentage of normal sperm in 4 190 male infertility patients show a decreasing trend from 2017—2019， and abstinence days and testing season can affect some semen parameters of the patients.

To analyze the general demographic characteristics， psychological distress， laboratory and imaging results of inpatients with coronary heart disease （CHD），and to explore the influence in the life quality of patients.

The European Quality of Life-5 Dimensions （EQ-5D） and Visual Analogue Scale （VAS） were used to evaluate the life quality of 367 hospitalized CHD patients who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The differences of life qualities among different population characteristics were compared；Perceived Social Support Scale （PSSS）， General Anxitey Disdorde -7 （GAD-7） and Patient Health Questionnaire-9 （PHQ-9） were used to investigate the life quality. Meanwhile， the clinical laboratory examination and imaging data were collected， and Tobit regression analysis and linear regression analysis were carried out to analyze the independent influencing factors of the life quality scores.

The Tobit regression analysis results showed education level， marital status， depression level and D-dimer（D-D） level were the independent influencing factors of EQ-5D score of CHD inpatients.The EQ-5D of health utility value patients with low education level （illiteracy，P<0.01， 95% CI：－0.24－－0.06； primary school culture， P<0.01， 95% CI：－0.28－－0.11； junior high school education，P<0.01， 95% CI：－2.22－－0.03） was lower. Compared with the widowed CHD inpatients，the EQ-5D health efficacies of unmarried （P<0.01， 95% CI： 0.07－0.33） and married （P<0.01， 95% CI： 0.05－0.21） CHD inpatients were higher.The patients with high depression scores （depressive symptoms， P<0.01， 95% CI：－0.16－－0.05； obvious depressive symptoms P<0.01， 95% CI：－0.21－－0.08； severe depression， P<0.01， 95% CI：－0.27－－0.13） had lower EQ-5D health efficacies； the CHD inpatients with high levels of D-D （P<0.01， 95% CI：－0.11－0.02） had low EQ-5D health efficacy.The general linear regression analysis results showed that marital status （P<0.01， 95% CI：－8.12－－2.38），depression （P<0.01， 95% CI：－7.68－－3.72） and sleep （P<0.01， 95% CI：－7.59－－2.18） were the independent influencing factors of VAS life quality scores of CHD inpatients.

The education level， marital status， depression， sleep quality and D-D level of CHD inpatients are the important influencing factors of life quality.

To analyze the clinical characteristics， diagnosis and treatment process and coping strategies of complications such as septic shock caused by catheter-related bloodstream infection （CRBSI） complicated with upper gastrointestinal bleeding （UGB） in the long-term dialysis patients， and to improve the clinical workers' understanding of dealing with the complications such as septic shock caused by CRBSI complicated with UGB.

The clinical data of a patient with CRBSI complicated with UGB were collected， the clinical manifestations， auxiliary examination， treatment plan and prognosis were analyzed， and the relevant literatures were reviewed.

The 57-year-old male patient was hospitalized for regular hemodialysis for 1 year， black stool for 2 weeks and fever for 3 d. After admission， the patient developed high fever with chills， blurred consciousness， decreased blood pressure， anuria， procalcitonin exceeding the upper limit， etc. The main diagnosis was chronic kidney disease stage 5， long-term dialysis CRBSI， UGB and septic shock. Anti-shock and experimental anti-infection treatment were given immediately after admission. At the same time， catheter blood， peripheral blood culture and drug sensitivity test were carried out. After the results were returned， the antibiotic regimen was adjusted， and removal of long-term dialysis catheter， control of UGB， kidney protection， arteriovenous fistula（AVF） hemodialysis， symptomatic and supportive treatment were given. After 18 d， the patient recovered and was discharged.

CRBSI complicated with UGB seriously endangers the life and health of patients. In order to improve the prognosis， it is recommended to establish AVF pathway as soon as possible in the patients with long-term internal jugular vein catheterization hemodialysis. If there are serious complications such as septic shock during the course of the disease， anti-infection treatment can be carried out at the same time， and the treatment plan should be adjusted in the treatment process. In addition， it is necessary to pay attention to the risk of UGB in the maintenance hemodialysis patients.

To analyze the role of guided biofilm therapy （GBT） in the therapy of the patient with periodontitis and diabetes mellitus， and to provide the basis for the diagnosis and treatment of periodontitis associated with systemic diseases.

The clinical materials of one periodontitis patient with type 2 diabetes mellitus （T2DM） were collected， and GBT was performed. The positive rates of bleeding on probing（BOP）， probing depth （PD）， attachment loss （AL）， the number of deep periodontal pockets （>5 mm）， and the levels of fasting blood glucose and glycated hemoglobin （HbA1c） of the patient were examined and recorded at the first visit， 1 month， 3 months， 6 months， 1 year and 2 years after GBT， respectively. The related literatures were reviewed.

After GBT，the positive rates of BOP， PD， AL， the number of deep periodontal pockets， and the levels of fasting blood glucose and HbA1c were decreased in varying degrees. Two years after treatment， there was no obvious gingival inflammation in the whole mouth， the positive rate of BOP was 10%，the average PD value was 2.18 mm， the AL was reduced to 0.98 mm， the positive rate of plaque was 20%， and there was no deep periodontal pocket greater than 5 mm. The fasting blood glucose was 5.5 mmol·L^－1， and the HbA1c was 5.9%.

GBT is more effective in the treatment of periodontitis associated with T2DM， and it is beneficial for the long-term control of blood glucose.

To analyze the clinical manifestations， imaging characteristics，diagnosis and treatment methods of the patient with bilocular myxoma with the palpitations and shortness of breath as the main symptoms， and to provide the reference for its diagnosis and treatment.

The clinical data of a patient with bilocular myxoma with palpitations and shortness of breath as the main symptoms was collected，and the relevant clinical characteristics， diagnosis and treatment of the disease were analyzed， and the literatures were reviewed.

The 45-year-old female patient was admitted to the hospital due to the palpitations and shortness of breath for 2 weeks. The color Doppler echocardiography results indicated that substantial echoes were found in both chambers， which were attached to the oval fossa of the atrial septum. The substantial echo size in the right atrial was 43.2 mm×23.8 mm， and the substantial echo size in the left atrial was 43.9 mm×14.5 mm， considering the possibility of bilateral myxoma. Excision of atrial mass was performed through the right atrial approach under cardiopulmonary bypass and general anesthesia within a time limit after the relevant examinations were completed. The postoperative pathological diagnosis was atrial myxoma complicated with extensive infaction and bleeding. The patient was followed up for 1 month， 3 months， 6 months and 12 months after operation， and no recurrence was found in the re-examination of cardiac color ultrasound.

Atrial myxoma is the most common benign cardiac tumor， but bilocular myxoma is particularly rare. Cardiac color ultrasound can confirm the diagnosis， surgical resection is an effective means of treatment， routine pathological examination after operation is useful to exclude the possibility of malignancy， and the patients with atrial myxoma should be followed up for a long time after operation.

To explore the diagnosis and treatment process of a rare case of pulmonary metastatic paraganglioma（PGL），and to analyze the etiology，clinic features，imaging manifestation and therapeutic regimen of PGL and provide the reference for the diagnosis and treatment of PGL.

The clinic data，imaging findings and pathological features of a PGL patient was collected， the clinical manifestations，imaging fingdings and pathological feaures were analyzed，and the relevant literatures of PGL in recent years were reviewed；the standard diagnosis and treatment criterion of PGL was summarized.

A 57 years old female patient was hospitalized because of left lung nodules for 10 d found in medical examination.The chest CT of the patient received 10 d before showed round-like shape density shadow of soft tissue of up left lung and low left lung，so the patient went to our hosptal for furth diaganosis and treatment. The patient underwent glomus jugulare tumor resection surgery in 2018 in other hospital. The PET-CT results after hospitaliztion showed that the nodule in the low left lung was considered as malignancy， the metabolism of the nodule in up left lung was not high，and malignant lesion was not excluded.The paitient received wedge resection of up left lung and low lef lung nodules assisted with thoracoscope and lymph node sampling；the results of rapid pathology in operation showed sinusoid tumor. The postoperative pathological immunohistochemical results indicated CD56（+），CgA（+），Ki67（+about 2%），PanCK（－），PR（－），S-100（scattered+），Syn（+），TTF1（－），PD-L1（22C3）（about 40%tumor cell positive）. Combined with the clinical and immunohistochemical results， pulmonary metastatic PGL was considered.The genetic test was done by using the surgical specimens， no gene mutation was found，there are only a few enzymatic polymorphism related gene mutation including CDA，DPYD，ERCC2，GSTM1，MTHFR and XRCC1；MSI-H was not found； the tumor mutational Burden （TMB） was 0 mutation/1 million bases. After surgery， the patient decided to get further treatment in other hospital.

PGL is a rare malignant neuroendocrine tumor， the clinical manifestations are not typical，the patients often come to hospital because of metastatic lesions， and pulmonary metastasis is relatively rare in the PGL patients which leads to misdiagnosis. Pathological examination is important to make a definite diagnosis.

To investigate the possible mechanism， clinical manifestations and prevention strategies of bronchopleural fistula （BPF） complicated in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer （NSCLC） by bevacizumab combined with paclitaxel （albumin-binding type），and to identify the individuals with potential risk in time，and to provide the reference for the prevention of this disease.

The clinical data of one patient with bronchopleural fistula（BPF） complicated in the treatment of NSCLC by bevacizumab combined with paclitaxel （albumin binding type） were collected，and the relevant literatures were reviewed and the potential risk of occurrence was summarized.

A 62-year-old male patient with locally advanced lung adenocarcinoma （negative drive gene） was administered with bevacizumab and paclitaxel （albumin bound） chemotherapy. After 2 cycles of chemotherapy， the patient’s clinical symptoms and functional status were improved. However， due to acute BPF and secondary intrathoracic infection， the patient was forced to stop anti-angiogenic therapy and chemotherapy. Although closed thoracic drainage， active anti-infection treatment and optimal supportive treatment were performed，the clinical symptoms were not relieved.The patient died of respiratory failure on September 17， 2019.

Acute BPF should be induced when the lesions invades pleura， trachea and chest wall simultaneously， and the tumor cavitation effect occurred during the treatment of bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy or the tumor cavity existed in the lesions before treatment.Due to the lack of effective prevention and treatment measures for acute BPF，timely identification of the individual patients with potential risks is crucial to the prognosis.

To explore the differences in laboratory indicators test results of coronavirus disease 2019 （COVID-19） and influenza A and to establish a differential diagnosis model for the two diseases， and to clarify the clinical significance of the model for distinguishing the two diseases.

A total of 56 common COVID-19 patients and 54 influenza A patients were enrolled， and 24 common COVID-19 patients and 30 influenza A patients were used for model validation. The average values of the laboratory indicators of the patients 5 d after admission were calculated， and the elastic network model and the stepwise Logistic regression model were used to screen the indicators for identifying COVID-19 and influenza A. Elastic network models were used for the first round of selection， in which the optimal cutoff of lambda was chosen by performing 10-fold cross validations. With different random seeds， the elastic net models were fit for 200 times to select the high-frequency indexes （frequency>90%）.A Logistic regression model with AIC as the selection criterions was used in the second round of screening uses； a nomogram was used to represent the final model； an independent data were used as an external validation set， and the area under the curve （AUC） of the validation set were calculate to evaluate the predictive the performance of the model.

After the first round of screening， 16 laboratory indicators were selected as the high-frequency indicators. After the second round of screening， albumin/globulin （A/G），total bilirubin （TBIL） and erythrocyte volume （HCT） were identified as the final indicators. The model had good predictive performance， and the AUC of the verification set was 0.844（95% CI：0.747－0.941）.

A differential diagnosis model for COVID-19 and influenza A based on laboratory indicators is successfully established， and it will help clinical and timely diagnosis of both diseases.