The fundamentals of the transfer path analysis(TPA) was introduced, the trasfer paths from the road surface excitation through vehicle suspension and body to the acceleration of vertical vibration of the floor under the driver seat were analyzed using software LMS/TPA. The vehicle road test and the indoor hammering test were performed to elucidate the vibration transfer paths. The dominant transfer path in the suspension system that affects the vehicle ride comfort most was identified. The results show that the contribution of the rear point of the right lower control arm of the front suspension to the Z-direction vibration acceleration of the floor under the driver seat is significant, especially in Y-direction. In order to enhance the vehicle ride comfort, the focus should concentrate at the improvement of isolation performance of the bushing in the lower control arm rear point of the front suspension. The TPA method can identify both of the contribution amplitude of every transfer path and the phase relation among each contribution amplitude. It provides a basis for the vibration isolation design of the bushings between the junctions of the vehicle body and suspension.

In view of the trade-off between the handling stability and the ride comfort in the design of the suspension system, taking the rear suspension system of alight passenger bus as a research object, a multi-objective optimization model of the suspension system parameters was established. Taking the handling stability and the ride comfort as the optimization objectives, selecting the suspension spring stiffness, the shock absorber damping factor and the stabilizer bar torsional stiffness as the optimization variables, a multi-objective optimization strategy based on the improved genetic algorithm NSGA-Ⅱ was designed for the suspension system. The test results show that the proposed optimization approach demonstrated good results in improvement of the vehicle ride comfort without penalty on the handling stability.

In order to analyze the obstacle surmounting capability of a wheeled vehicle with a 2-DoF articulated frame, the equilibrium equations under the simultaneously surmounting the obstacle by 2 front wheels and surmounting the obstacle by a single front wheel were derived using a simplified obstacle surmounting mechanical model. As in roughterrain unstructured environment, the key terrain parameters, such as the adhesion coefficient, the rolling resistance coefficient, etc., are uncertain, the traction force to surmount the obstacle is also uncertain. Expressing these parameters with intervals, through the interval analysis the traction force needed by the vehicle to surmount the obstacle was calculated. Simulations showed that the theoretical results were reliable.

In order to reduce the mass of car body B pillar, improve its side crashworthiness and simplify the manufacturing process, a method using the hot formed B pillar was proposed. The method produces the B pilllar reinforcement panel with uniform thickness and varying yield strength by different cooling rate at hot forming. To make the distribution of the yield strength in the hot formed B pillar reasonable, an optimization design was performed by the finite element analysis. Taking a certain car as an example, an optimal distribution of the yield strength in the B pillar reinforcement panel material was obtained using the numerical optimization method of response surface and component collision simulation analysis. The optimized result was simulated with the vehicle side collision and compared with the original vehicle. The obtained results indicate that the car body using the optimized hot formed B pillar reinforcement panel with varying yield strength can reduce mass by 0.773 kg and improve the vehicle side crashworthiness.

In order to meet the needs of the traffic management on road network reliability analysis, a concept of the traffic operation reliability was proposed. The time-segmenting reliability and the time-aggregating reliability, two characteristic parameters were constructed for the road network traffic operation reliability. The analysis method of the time-segmenting reliability of the road network between O and D was designed according to the minimal path set method. The analysis method of the time-aggregating reliability was designed using the global scanning method. The experimental results indicated that the proposed method can analyze the time-aggregating and time-segmenting reliabilities of the road network, can define the importance degree of the road segment and intersection according to their effects on the road network reliability, providing a basis for decision-making in the traffic management.

To reduce the negative effect on general traffic caused by bus signal priority (BSP), a methodology that considering saturation degree restriction and giving conditional priority to buses in premise of no traffic congestion occuring at the intersection was proposed, and a conditional active BSP strategy and a conditional passive BSP strategy at an isolated junction were established. The two strategies and non-priority strategy were simulated in VISSIM environment under various scenarios to get the corresponding control benefits. Using intersection average person delay as evaluation index, t test was applied to judge whether there were significant differences among the control benefits produced by three strategies and the optimal applicable circumstance of each strategy was determined. The results indicate that the active bus priority strategy is suitable to the circumstances when saturation degree is not larger than 0.85 and bus volume per lane is not larger than 30 veh/h. The passive bus priority strategy is suitable to the circumstances when saturation degree is not smaller than 0.875 and smaller than 0.925 and bus volume per lane is larger than 40 veh/h.

Because in the transit operation the timetable setting correlates closely with the vehicle scheduling, the comprehensive optimization of the feeder bus timetable and the regional vehicle scheduling was studied introducing the regional scheduling pattern into the vehicle scheduling. The advantage of regional scheduling pattern in the feeder bus operation was analyzed. Taking the minimization of passenger cost and transit operation cost as the optimization objects, a regional model and a single line model were proposed under corresponding scheduling pattern, respectively. A heuristic algorithm was designed to solve the regional model, and analysis showed it can lead to the best solution. A similar algorithm was also given to solve the single line model. The calculation case shows that when choosing the regional or the single line scheduling pattern the decision should be made depending on the given weights representing the relative importance of the passenger cost and the operation cost.

Taking both of the passengers and the bus company benefits into consideration, a heuristic algorithm was proposed to get the optimal configuration of the feeder bus routes in the railway traffic system. The minimization of the passenger time delay and the bus running time was taken as target, the feeder bus route was generated. 2 rail transit stations at line 5 of Beijing subway, Songjiangzhuang station and Liujiayao station were taken as examples, the proposed bus route generation strategy was compared with that using the genetic algorithm. The results show that the proposed heuristic algorithm is better than the genetic algorithm. For the feeder bus route generation, the proposed heuristic algorithm is effective and reasonable.

According to the characteristics of handover location technique in cellular wireless communication network, a map matching algorithm for inner suburban freeway has been developed. Based on a complete navigation digital map and reliable handover location database, a map matching belief function was developed according to Bayesian decision theory choosing the frequency of handover happening in a candidate link and the probability of route choice between two adjacent handover positions, and results of the map matching belief function and the connectivity criterion were combined together for solving the map matching of the flow of handovers. Field data collected from the surveyed tests were used to calibrate feasibility and validity of the proposed map matching algorithm.

Based on the classification of the transport facilities, choosing the associated facilities in the transfer hub as the control points or lines of the facility layout in the hub, the correlation degrees of the different kinds of facilities were analyzed from the activity flow lines of the travelers and the vehicles. An optimization model was built for the facility layout in the urban comprehensive passenger transfer hub taking the correlation degrees as the weights, and the minimization of the weighted moving distance in the hub as the target. The actual problem was solved by a genetic algorithm, and a control plane layout in the hub was achieved.

With regard to pedestrian traffic micro-simulation under orderly activity, a multi-goal dynamic choice model under orderly activity was presented base on the factors of the pedestrian multi-goal choice considering the distance between current position and destination, queue length, service time, the direction of destination and the preference of pedestrian. A simulation scenario was built for a multi-goal environment with the cellular automaton model. The results of simulation indicated that the multi-goal model is practical, reflecting the characteristic of pedestrian preference. The model can be applied to the development of pedestrian simulation package.

An interregional traffic signal coordination control strategy model was built based on the game theory and its parameters were chosen optimizationally. The operation opportunity of the interregional traffic signal coordination control was discussed. A software package was developed, and the model was validated by the developed software combined with Paramics V6 simulator. The validation results show that the built model can obviously enhance the traffic control efficiency by reducing the average traffic delay and increasing the vehicle speed.

A hazard analysis model was built for the first discharge headway of queuing vehicles at the signalized intersections. The calibration method was proposed for the model parameters and the calibration was performed using the traffic data collected from the signalized intersections in Beijing. The distribution of the first discharge headways in the heterogeneous traffic flow was described and the effects of different factors were analyzed quantitatively. The results show the first discharge headway at the signalized intersections in Beijing is much longer than those in other countries and regions. It is obviously affected by the vehicle type, the complexity of the environment at the intersection and the traffic flow behavior. The starting disturbance increases the average first discharge headway from 3.99 s to 5.47 s, the moving disturbance prolongs it from 4.15 s to 6.65 s, both factors reduce the traffic operation efficiency significantly.

A competition model between the railway transit and the traditional bus transit was built adopting the Logit model. Taking the ticket price as the decision-making variable, a ticket price optimization was established based on maximization of the social-economic benefit of the railway transit. On the premise of meeting the service quality standard, an optimal ticket price was obtained to maximize the social-economic benefit to reach the objectives of easing traffic congestion and saving energy. An example showed the applicability of the established ticket price optimization model.

A steady air-suction method was proposed based on the wind flow control around the long-span bridge deck section to improve the aerodynamic characteristics of the bridge section and the flutter stability of the bridge. The Humen bridge in China was adopted as the research object. The wind field around the bridge section under the interaction of the wind inflow and the steady air-suction on the bridge deck undersurface was simulated using the numerical method based on the computational fluid dynamics. The flutter stability of the bridge under the action of steady air-suction was analyzed applying the Scanlan flutter analysis method. The computational results indicate that the air suction makes the main streamlines close to the section surface and reduces the aerodynamic torque under the torsional movement of the bridge section model.The flutter stability of the long-span bridge is enhanced by the steady air-suction.

The traditional time-domain analysis method was improved to study the dynamic behavior identification of the concrete bridge structure under environmental excitation. Applying the combination of the natural excitation technique and the eigensystem realization algorithm, a finite element numerical simulation was performed for the dynamic behavior identification of a pre-stressed concrete continuous beam bridge under simulating wind load excitation. The results were validated comparatively using the combined algorithm of random decrement technique and Ibrahim time domain technique as well as the finite element modal analysis. The simulation results show that the wind load as the most common environmental excitation can be used effectively to identify the modal parameters of the concrete bridge. The results identified by the combination of the natural excitation technique and the eigensystem realization algorithm are pricise enough for the concrete bridge, providing an effective support for the structure health monitoring and structure design.

The complex modulus, the phase angle, the wheel tracking factor and the fatigue factor of asphalt binder at the original state, at RTFOT state and at PAV state were tested by a dynamic shear rheometer. The creep stiffness and its time rate were tested by a bending beam rheometer. The results show that the wheel tracking factor of the SEAM modified asphalt binder with modifier mass fraction of 10% enhanced significantly, and the fatigue factor met the demands of the SHRP standard for asphalt binder. The creep stiffness of asphalt binder increased and its time rate decreased with the increase of the modifier content. From the obtained rheological index data it can be concluded that the SEAM modifier affects significantly the rheological properties of asphalt binder. The SEAM modifier with appropriate content(mass fraction about 10%) improves the rheological effect of asphalt binder, while the high content modifier(mass fraction more than 20%) stands opposite.

A precipitation-hardened NAK80 steel with low carbon and medium alloy was treated by shot peening. The distribution of micro hardness and residual stress in the shot peening affected layer and surface roughness produced by shot peening with different arc heights were measured. The change in microstructure induced by shot peening was also analyzed. Improvement on surface integrity of NAK80 steel treated by shot peening was discussed qualitatively. The result showed that the requirement of shot-penning arc height for NAK80 steel was different from the general steels,shot peening with a proper arc height could significantly improve surface quality and fatigue life of NAK80 steel, over peening effect would occur when arc height was too high, and decrease the fatigue life. The optimal surface integrity was obtained by shot penning with the arc height value of 0.40 mm·N, and the thickness of shot-peening affected layer was about  150~200 μm.

The centrifugal casting technology was used to fabricate Mg₂Si/Al graded composites with large quantities of primary Mg₂Si particles in outer layer and expecially in inner layer. The influences of the rotation speed and the mold preheating temperature on microstructure and properties of inner layer were discussed. It is found that higher rotation speed results in larger particle volume fraction, higher hardness and better wear resistance for inner layer. While the influence of the mold preheating temperature on particle volume fraction and properties of inner layer is rather unconspicuous. Optimal value unconspicuaus has be achieved when the rotation speed is 1560 r/min and the mold preheating temperature is 300 ℃, unconspicuous while its wear rate is only one-thirtieth to one-fortieth of HT200 under the same dry sliding wear condition.

Lithium-modified potassium sodium niobate/copper (NKLN/Cu) piezoelectric composites were fabricated by protective sintering in a industrial nitrogen gas. The phase structure, density, electrical and mechanical properties were studied in relation to Cu content. The results show that the composites consists of  only NKLN and Cu phases,  the relative densities of the composites were all above 95% theoretic densities. The relative dielectric constant  r of the composites markedly increased with increasing Cu concentration. The piezoelectric constant d₃₃ and electromechanical coupling factor kp decreased as the volume of Cu was increases. When increasing Cu concentration up to 20%, the  r, d₃₃ and kp were hard to detect. The microhardness of the composites decreased with the addition of Cu. With increasing Cu content up to 40%, the fracture toughness KIC gradually increased from 1.01 MPa for monolithic NKLN ceramics to 2.81 MPa for NKLN-40%Cu composite.

Cu-10vol%C powder mixture was fabricated by Mechanical Alloy (MA) technology, nano-sized γ-Al₂O₃ grains (average size 12 nm) were synthesized by sol-gel-sintered technology and nano-sized Al₂O₃ particles reinforced Cu-C matrix composites were fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) method. The crystalline structure of powders and size of Al₂O₃ particles were determined by X-ray diffraction. The morphologies of wear surfaces were observed by SEM particles. The dry sliding wear test is carried out on MG-2000 high-temperature wear tester to research tribological properties of composites prepared. The results show that the volume fraction and applied load have significant influence on as-fabricated composites. As the volume fraction of nano-sized Al₂O₃ particles increases from 0 % to 2 %, the abrasion mass of as-fabricated composites decreases from 6.2 mg to 2.1 mg.

With the view of improving the properties of PA6, different contents of thermal liquid crystalline polyamide were blended with PA6 without any compatibilizer to fabricate PA6/TLCP composites by means of the Haake Rheometer. Phase behaviour, tensile properties and fracture morphology were studied. It was compatibilized directly and without phase separation when the addition of TLCP less than 10%. Addition of 5% TLCP in PA6 increased the tensile strength by 5.2%, Young's modulus by 38.3%, and elongation at break by 280% as compared with pure PA6. Simultaneously, the morphology was typical ductile rupture. As the addition of TLCP in PA6 beyond 15%, it was difficult for particles of TLCP to be dispersed thoroughly in PA6 matrix, which induced the selfcongregations and phase separation of TLCP along with the typical transition from tough to brittle detected by SEM resulted in the dramatic drop in mechanical properties. Addition of appropriate content of TLCP favored improvement in toughness of PA6/TLCP composites without the expense of tensile modulus.

Acrylic acid resins were analysed based on adsorption kinetics model.Under the circumstances of static moisture absorption and dynamic moisture absorption,the adsorption kinetics data showed the moisture adsorption process of organic moisture absorbents could be better described by the pseudo-second-order model. The properties of organic moisture absorbents were influenced by two main factors, which were relative moisture and adsorption properties of polymer resin itself.Equilibrium experiments of static moisture absorption demonstrated that the maxmal moisture absorbency of P(AA-MA-AM) reached 0.049 g/g in enclosed space. The sequence of static absorption rate was as follows:PAM,P(AA-MA),P(AA-AM),P(AA-MA-AM),PAA. Equilibrium experiments of dynamic moisture absorption indicate that the highest moisture absorbency of P(AA-AM) was 0.92 g/g. The sequence of dynamic absorption rate was as follows: PAM,P(AA-AM),P(AA-MA),P(AA-MA-AM),PAA.Regeneration experiments proved that equilibrium moisture absorbency of organic moisture absorbents decreased no more than 2% after regeneration treatment and its property was still steady.

An algorithm was proposed based on the mesh information of covering surface to fill the inner-hole on the covering surface automatically. The boundary loops including the outer-boundary loop and the inner-boundary loop were defined with the boundary edge information of the covering surface mesh. The outer-boundary and the inner-hole were distinguished by comparing the minimum bound rectangular size of the boundary loop on the covering surface. The boundary of inner-hole was divided into 4 approximately equal curves by discretizing the boundary loop. The bicubic Coons surface patch was generated around the inner-hole with the boundary information of the curves and the span-boundary tangent vector. An example shows that the proposed automatic hole filling algorithm can exactly identify the inner-hole and automatically generate the filling surface patch.

The optimal structure of the hydraulic hybrid vehicle and its working principle were presented based on the optimization conditions of the accumulator. A mathematical model was built for the instantaneous flow rate of the hydraulic transformer(HT) and the theoretical analyses of the series and parallel accumulator were made with the frequency method. The instantaneous flow rate through the kidney form port of the HT and the flow rate response of the accumulator were numerically simulated under different control angle of the port plate. The results show that the damping effect of the series accumulator to the flow pulsation of the HT is superior to that of the parallel accumulator, regardless of the control angle of the port plate is zero or not.

A piezoelectric generator system with a cymbal transducer was built, a DC-DC energy-storage converter circuit was developed, and the performance of the piezoelectric generator was studied. The effects of duty cycle and inductance on the power generation performance of the system were investigated experimentally. The results showed that the duty cycle is an important parameter in the DC-DC converter circuit, and there is an optimal duty cycle for the maximum power output on the resistive load. The inductance in a certain range has little impact on the output voltage, but has rather obvious effect on the power output. The maximum power output of 10.5 mW can be obtained from the cymbal transducer with duty cycle 2% and inductance 1.5 mH.The power generated in the developed system is enough to supply power to MEMS, such as internet sensor or other low energy consumption electronic systems.

The design of the numerical control machine tool spindle needs the multi-software collaborative modeling and intelligent decision-making,analysis and simulation, an intelligent spindle design(ISD) system that consists of a user-customized module, an intelligent decision-making module for the transmission configuration, an optimization design module and a design resource center was constructed. A method for the multi-software collaborative modeling, data exchanging and sharing among Solid Edge,ADAMS,ANSYS and the ISD system was proposed and realized. The implement technique for the data exchanging among the 3-D CAD modeling system, the finite element analysis system and the rigid-flexible coupling system was also discussed. The developed ISD system has been put into use, and good results achieved, which demonstrates that the proposed method can effectively support the ISD system in the multi-software environment.

A compensation method to improve the dynamic range of the high-temperature superconducting quantum interference device(HTS SQUID) magnetometer was proposed to deal with the problem of its narrow dynamic range and the locking difficulty without shielding. With the concept of shift compensation, a compensating magnetic field was formed around the probe of the magnetometer by a compensation coil to counteract most of the magnetic field to be measured, keeping the remained magnetic field within the dynamic range of the magnetometer, and the measured magnetic field was obtained by operational process of the counteracted magnetic field value and the value measured by the magnetometer. The experimental results indicate that the proposed method can improve the dynamic range of the magnetometer significantly without the penalty of sensitivity reduction. Its normal was realized even at the environment of serious interference and greatly changing magnetic field, meeting the demands of the geophysical magnet prospecting.

The biological coupling phenomenon is widespread in biological world. The biological coupling is generated by incentive driven, the degree of coupling depends both on the own character of the biological organism, also depends on the size of the driving forces. In this paper, the condition and driving forces of biological coupling are analyzed, and the generation process, control, repair and regeneration of the biological couplings were revealed from the bionic viewpoint. These are important biology bases to explain the biological coupling mechanism and improve the bionic efficiency.

The characteristic vectors and the sensitivity of the damaged reinforced concrete beam(RCB) were derived from the analysis of the bending damage behavior of RCB. The lending damage coefficients of the mid-span section rigidity were found most sensitive to the increment of vibration characteristic vectors of the damaged RCB, and they increase as the loads go up. The sweep cheek by the electromagnetic exciter and the theoretical study demonstrated that the basic frequencies of RCB after bending damage showed an obviously non-linear reduction with the load, and the tested basic frequencies of the specimen beam were obviously different from the theoretical results. The perturbation method can be used to correct the errors of the bending damaged RCB rigidity and to distinguish the bending damage degree of RCB.

To overcome the shortcoming of traditional finite element method(FEM) in the numerical calculation of fracture parameters of the complex structure, a new virtual crack closure technique was proposed based on wavelet FEM in the numerical calculation of the fracture mechanics. In this method, the dummy node fracture elements are embedded in the wavelet finite element model with cracks, the energy release rates and the stress intensity factors are calculated by the virtual crack closure technique. The calculated results were compared with those by the traditional FEM and software ANSYS.The comparison results show that two calculations by wavelet FEM are consistent with those by the traditional FEM and ANSYS with a relative error less than 3%. The proposed method is characterized by higher accuracy and less calculation elements, provides a new way for engineering fracture analysis of the complex structure.

Support Vector Data Description (SVDD) is a typical supervised one-class classifier. To apply SVDD to unsupervised multi-class settings, a new Artificial Immune Kernel Clustering based SVDD (AIKC-SVDD) is proposed. It uses memory antibodies generated with artificial immune kernel clustering method as target data, and executes SVDD for multi-class classification. On one hand, AIKCSVDD organically combines the advantages of kernel clustering on handling unclear boundary of classification and the capacity of artificial immune network clustering on global convergence without the requirement of extra prior knowledge. On the other hand, AIKCSVDD uses memory antibodies as target data instead of original data that can better reflect the global distribution of the original data. Compared with multi-SVDD based on K-means clustering, AIKCSVDD does not need pre-determined classification amount. Experiments on artificial dataset and UCI dataset show that, under the condition of appointing classification amount for multi-SVDD, AIKCSVDD still performs better classification than multi-SVDD.

The introduction of cut-point is a breakthrough in Formal equivalence checking method. However, the method using cut-point is incomplete and may bring false-negative. Based on the study of false negative elimination in IC equivalence checking, we proposed a false positive elimination method using the constraint satisfaction technique. The concept of false negative elimination constraints was put forward. When the equivalence checking problem possibly runs into false negative, the constraint solver is called to solve the false positive elimination constraints, thus, the false positive is eliminated. The proposed method does not rely on the assistant data structures, the constraints or the heuristic policy. Therefore, the complexity of the equivalence checking is greatly reduced. The method is also applicable to the false negative elimination in the equivalence checking between different abstraction levels, and between system-level models and register transfer levels.

By studying the arc consistency algorithm, AC-4, a dynamic value ordering heuristic algorithm, MAC-DMSV, is proposed for solving constraint satisfaction problems based on AC-4. This algorithm uses the counter information created in the initialization of the AC-4 algorithm, and chooses the biggest counter value as the prior instantiation value. Then the ordering heuristic of this value is added to MAC, and the values of the counters are updated when checking the consistency. So the dynamic value ordering heuristic can be realized. The algorithm is tested by random problems and benchmark, and results show that the efficiency of MAC-DMSV is higher than that of MAC and BT+MPAC.

In this study Active Shape Model (ASM) was used to divide facial image into a number of triangles, and Local Binary Pattern (LBP) was applied to extract the texture feature of each triangle; then support vector regression was employed to estimate the age. Experiments were conducted on the FG-NET age database by Leave-One-Out strategy. The mean absolute error (MAE) and the CumScore were taken as the evaluation criteria. Results show that the MAEs of the proposed algorithm is smaller than that of the state-of-the-art algorithm, AGES, in both age estimation and age range estimation. Meanwhile, it was found that the texture around the mouth has little influence on age estimation.

Focusing on the issues of creating accelerationstructures of 3D scenes for ray tracing, a GPU-based parallel construction algorithm for threaded-Biovision Hierarchy (BVH) was proposed. The algorithm builds the Bounding-Volume Nodes (BVNs) completely in a breadth-first search order and includes two BVN construction processes. The first process is for upper large nodes, which parallelizes the computation over geometric primitives in each node, and the second is for lower small nodes, which parallelizes the computation over nodes at each level. These parallelization strategies can solve the problem of lacking parallelism in the construction process of upper large nodes. The algorithm performs operations of the BVH storage-structure transformation from the breadthfirst to the depth-first order and threading computation of BVNs in three individual steps. Experiment results show that the construction speed of the proposed algorithm is faster than the existing unthreaded-BVH construction algorithm.

The balloon force snake model is sensitive to the location of initial contour and has the shortcoming of weak boundary leakage. An adaptive balloon force snake model based on fuzzy clustering is proposed. This model integrates global information of the image into the balloon force snake model, and is used for image segmentation. It can adaptively change the direction and magnitude of the balloon force according to regional information, which makes the contour converge to the target boundary correctly. Experiment results show that the proposed model has lower restriction on the location of the initial contour and overcome the shortcoming of weak boundary leakage. Therefore, the contour can converge on concave boundary correctly. Furthermore, the improved model has strong robustness to noise and has no critical point problem of Gradient Vector Flow (GVF).

A new feed forward hierarchy image classification method is proposed, which is based on the latest neurophysiological findings about cortex recognition and local feature method. The proposed method concentrates on feature specificity and invariance. First, the normalized input image is decomposed by convolving the image with multi-scale and multi-orientation Cabor filters to extract the corresponding elementary tuning features. Then sparse features are obtained by Center-Symmetric Local Binary Pattern (CS-LBP) algorithm. Internal templates and global max pooling operation are used to get scale invariance and position invariance. The hierarchy feature processing outperforms pure local feature representation, like Scale Invariant Feature Transform (SIFT), in image classification experiment. Moreover, the proposed method is competitive with current computer vision algorithm on Caltech 256 object categories. The results strengthen the case for using this bionic method in image classification and more general visual category appliance.

A network management system complied with the specification of OSEK/ VDX direct NM for actual demand of the in-vehicle CAN network is designed and implemented. This system uses the stable logical ring communication as an operation platform, which updates the nodes' configurations and the network states. The system uploads information to the remote fault diagnostic service by in-vehicle gateway through the wireless network and receives command and inquiry message to relative nodes. The mechanism that nodes establish a stable logical ring under the order proposed in this paper was verified by application in relative projects. The system designed in this paper implements the real-time monitoring on the in-vehicle CAN network effectively.

One of the hotspots in structuralized P2P network research is to construct a high-powered overlay network model for P2P system. However, the clustering and symmetry properties of P2P network were not taken into account in existing P2P overlay network models. In this work, a novel P2P overlay network model is proposed by adopting Cayley graph based algebraic graph theory method. The simplicity and symmetry of the proposed model can ensure the self-organization and scalability of P2P network. Analytical and experimental results show that this model provides better robustness, higher enquiry efficiency and better load balance than existing P2P overlay network models, such as Chord and CAN. Furthermore, this model possesses the property of high clustering.

Security is one of the most important factors impacting the practical deployments of ad hoc networks as there may be many selfish or malicious nodes in the networks. A Bayesian inference based trust model, named Bayesian-based Trust Model (BTM), is proposed to address the detection of the selfish or malicious nodes. Under the proposed BTM, nodes in the network keep monitor their neighbors through packets listening. The results are analyzed based on Bayesian inference theory, and the first-hand trust factor is derived. Based on such first-hand trust factor, the nodes derive the second-hand trust factor using another Bayesian procedure. The second-hand trust factor can then be used for selfish or malicious nodes detection. Simulation results show that the proposed BTM can detect and distinguish selfish and malicious nodes accurately, and it is more suitable for intrusion detection system and secure routing protocol than current schemes.

A new approach to model discrete networked control systems with both time-varying delay and packet loss is presented for the analysis of robust H_∞ control. Sufficient conditions to asymptotically stabilize the system and satisfy the H-infinity disturbance attenuation γ are derived by free-weighting matrices method and Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional. Compared with existing fixed-weighting matrices method in analyzing networked control systems, the introduction of free-weighting matrices greatly reduces the conservatism. Due to the existence of nonlinear terms in the conditions, cone complementarity linearization algorithm is used to change the case into the problem of nonlinear minimization based on linear matrix inequalities. Using this algorithm to solve the maximum delay and the suboptimal solution of γ is presented. A numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed approach.

Paraboloidal shell was controlled by photostrictive actuator, which can provide contactless actuation. By controlling the on-off switch of the exciting light source, the expansion and contraction actuation of the photostrictive actuator can be achieved. Based the membrance approximation, a set of mode shape functions for paraboloidal shell satisfying free boundary conditions were proposed. The governing equations of paraboloidal shell laminated with paired photostrictive actuators were established. The active control strategy was determined by combining the illumination method and Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) approach. The time histories of the transverse displacement and control force were simulated and evaluated. Simulation results show that photostrictive actuator can effectively suppress the vibration of the paraboloidal shell.

To improve the robustness of tracking differentiator, the nonlinear sliding mode tracking differentiator is analyzed in details in this paper. Then an improved second-order sliding mode tracking differentiator is presented using Lyapunov stability theory. Integrating the characteristics of linear and nonlinear tracking differentiators, the proposed tracking differentiator can track and differentiate any signal; meanwhile, its structure is simple and it is easy for application. Numerical simulations are carried out on this improved tracking differentiator and on a super-twisting tracking differentiator. Results show that the improved tracking differentiator can reduce the chartering of differential signal.

For the rotary inverted pendulum system with limited torque (the armature voltage provided by drive motor is limited), a guaranteed cost control scheme is proposed based on T-S fuzzy model. The sufficient conditions of seeking state feedback gains are derived. The design problem is then converted to solving an optimization problem with a set of Linear Matrix Inequalities (LMI) constraints. Experiment results on the Quanser rotary inverted pendulum validate the efficiency of the proposed scheme.

Considering the operation of the marine supercharged boiler in a wide range of conditions, a multi-model set was built for the drum water level control using the combination of the fixed models for the typical operation conditions and the radial basis function neural network(RBFNN). The fixed models can not adapt to the wide range changes of the operating conditions, so using the RBFNN to compensate the dynamic prediction errors. A multi-model drum water level controller was developed using the predictive control algorithm in the state space. The simulation results show that the developed controller can control stably the drum water level, improve the system response, solve the control difficulty under wide-range variable operating conditions.

A Multi-Points Diverse Density (MPDD) learning algorithm was proposed. In classical diverse density learning algorithm, only one point was used to represent the content of bags, which was not enough. In the proposed MPDD learning algorithm, multi-points were utilized to contain more information. This algorithm was applied to image retrieval. First, an image was divided into small blocks, and the color and texture features of these small blocks were extracted to describe the content of an image block. Then, K-means algorithm was used to cluster image blocks to get instances. Finally, the MPDD learning algorithm was employed to retrieval images. Experiment results show that the performance of the proposed MPDD algorithm is superior to classical diverse density learning algorithm.

Aiming at image change detection, a new change detection method based on 2D fuzzy entropies was proposed to detect change areas of the difference image. First, the best segmentation direction of a 2D histogram was found by using Least Square Method (LSM). Then, a kind of new 2D membership function was defined based on the best segmentation direction, which was used to obtain the optimal membership function by searching 2D maximal fuzzy entropy. Finally, the image change area was detected by using the optimal membership function. Theoretical analysis and experiment results show that the proposed method has predominant change detection performance.

In the anomaly detection for hyperspectral image, the false rate is higher because that the original data sources can not correctly represent the distribution of the background data. To overcome this problem, a new weighted KRX algorithm based on target orthogonal subspace projection (OWKRX) is proposed. Starting with the estimation of background covariance matrix, the algorithm projects each pixel into the target orthogonal subspace, and self-adaptively gives each pixel a proper weight, thereby, diminishes the influence of background estimation because of the existence of target information. Numerical experiments were conducted on real hyperspectral images collected by AVIRIS. The results prove that the proposed algorithm outperforms existing algorithms, obtains better detection effect and lowers false rate.

In order to solve the problem of synchronization of audio and video efficiently, an embedding scheme, which applies the size variability of matching blocks, for synchronization compression of audio and video is presented during the inter prediction process. At the transmitter terminal, the matching blocks with different sizes carry corresponding audio information according to coding standards. So the audio will be embedded into video stream by choosing the matching blocks. Then synchronous coding is applied to the mixing video/audio. At the receiver terminal, the audio signal is extracted from the video signal, and then the audio and video signals are reconstructed, respectively. Experiment results show that, within affordable cost and little quality drop of the video signal, the proposed synchronization coding scheme performs well.

A cooperative beamforming scheme based on relay selection (S-BF) is presented. To minimize the probability of the end-to-end average Bit Error Rate (BER), a near-optimal threshold is determined to select those “appropriate” relay nodes participating in beamforming. This method guarantees that the energy is only allocated to those “appropriate” relay nodes, and accordingly improves the diversity in the cooperative beamforming. The number of selection searches is equivalent to the number of relay nodes, which will decrease the complexity of the selection procedure. Monte Carlo simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme can achieve an essential improvement in terms of BER performance over All Participate cooperative beamforming (AP-BF), and high energy efficiency for energy-constrained networks.

A Fast Multi-Symmetry Adaptive Interpolation Filter (FMS-AIF) algorithm was proposed. First, an initial subset of symmetry interpolation filters was picked out according to regional symmetric properties. Then, the most optimal symmetry interpolation filter was determined by the rate distortion model. Thus the encoding quality of the proposed algorithm was significantly improved. Simulation results show that compared with Flexible Symmetry Adaptive Interpolation Filter (FS-AIF) algorithm, the coding time is greatly reduced, the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) is further increased and the bit rate is reduced in this proposed FMS-AIF algorithm.

Base on existing Extended Binary Phase Shift Keying (EBPSK) signal model, the time- frequency characteristic of EBPSK was analyzed using nonstationary signal analysis method. A model of the relationship between phase discontinuity and the amplitude of time-frequency distribution of EBPSK signal was proposed. Using this model, a time-frequency distribution based EBPSK demodulation algorithm was developed, and the structure of the demodulator was given. The performance of the demodulation algorithm was analyzed, and the selection method of the judging threshold for the demodulator was explored. Simulation and theoretical analysis results demonstrated that the EBPSK demodulation algorithm not only simplifies the structure of the EBPSK demodulator and obtains good error-correction performance but also provides a new feasible scheme for nonstationary signal processing in communication.

We model the spectrum allocation in Wireless Regional Area Networks (WRANs) with one offeror Base Station (BS) and multiple renter BSs as an auction, and the progressive second price auction mechanism is used to solve spectrum allocation of the offeror BS. In the auction, the multiple renter BSs can collude with each other, hence the utility of the offeror BS will be reduced. In order to combat user collusion in multiple renter BSs, in this model the offeror BS can set an optimal reserve price to improve its utility. Simulation results demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed scheme.

A novel method was proposed based on the binocular vision and the particle image gray difference(PIGD) method to measure simultaneously the particle velocity field and the particle size distribution in the liquid spray. The corresponding measuring hardware platform was built, the software system was developed, and the preliminary validating experiments were performed. Two digital cameras were used to capture the flow field of the spray at different shooting angles. The spray particle velocity field was measured by the self-correlation technique. The spray particle size distribution was calculated by PIGD method. The whole measuring system was tested on the simulative and experimental data. The validation results showed that the velocity direction ambiguity can be resolved by this method and the particle velocity and size distribution can be measured accurately.

The surface of weld joint of X70 steel pipeline was processed with Laser Shock Processing (LSP). The structure of the weld joint after LSP was analyzed, and its micro-hardness was measured with micro-hardness tester, the distribution of the surface residual stress of the weld joint was measured with X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) method. The micro strengthening mechanism of the weld joint of X70 steel pipeline by LSP was analyzed. Results show that a plastic-deforming layer is formed on the surface of weld joint by laser shock wave, and the micro-hardness of weld joint obviously increases. The uniformity of material structure is significantly improved. The tensile residual stress on the surface of weld joint is eliminated, and a compressive residual stress field is formed.

Dammarenediol gene was amplified by RT-PCR from Panax ginseng hairy roots. A engineered saccharomyces cerevisiae was constructed using this gene and the yeast expression vector pAUR123. The positive clone was selected by Aureobasidin A resistance, and was confirmed by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) and Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC). The results show that the engineered yeast could express functional dammarenediol synthase and produce dammarenediol. Dammarenediol synthase was expressed throughout the growth phase of the engineered yeast. The highest levels of dammarenediol synthase and dammarenediol (132 U/g dried cells and 251 μg/L) in the engineered yeast were observed after 36 h and 42 h growth in liquid YDP medium, respectively.