吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2017, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1): 323-331.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb201701047

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

大豆播种机双V型筑沟器设计与试验

贾洪雷1, 2, 郑嘉鑫1, 2, 袁洪方1, 2, 郭明卓1, 2, 王文君1, 2, 于路路1   

  1. 1.吉林大学 生物与农业工程学院,长春130022;
    2.吉林大学 工程仿生教育部重点实验室,长春130022
  • 收稿日期:2016-03-17 出版日期:2017-01-20 发布日期:2017-01-20
  • 通讯作者: 袁洪方(1984-),男,在站博士后.研究方向:保护性耕作技术与农业机械优化设计.E-mail:yhf1984828@163.com
  • 作者简介:贾洪雷(1957-),男,教授,博士生导师.研究方向:保护性耕作技术与全程机械化.E-mail:jiahl@vip.163.com
  • 基金资助:
    “十二五”国家科技支撑计划项目(2014BAD06B03); 吉林省科技发展计划项目(20140204050NY,20140441006SC).

Design and experiment of a Double-V-shaped furrow opener of soybean seeder

JIA Hong-lei1, 2, ZHENG Jia-xin1, 2, YUAN Hong-fang1, 2, GUO Ming-zhuo1, 2, WANG Wen-jun1, 2, YU Lu-lu1   

  1. 1.College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China;
    2.Key Laboratory of Bionics Engineering,Ministry of Education,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China
  • Received:2016-03-17 Online:2017-01-20 Published:2017-01-20

RICH HTML

0   

PDF (PC)

464

摘要： 为了提高种沟质量、播种深度一致性,保证大豆垄上双行精密播种作业效果,设计了一种双V型筑沟器,可单独使用进行开沟作业,亦可与圆盘开沟器配合作业。在开沟深度分别为40、50、60 mm,行走速度分别为1.9、2.2、2.5 m/s作业工况下,以播种后的播深变异系数和播种横向变异系数为评价指标,对设计的双V型筑沟器与圆盘开沟器进行大豆田间对比试验。试验结果表明:相对于圆盘开沟器,双V型筑沟器开沟深度均匀,开出种沟较窄,沟形稳定,有利于保证播种深度一致性、种子分布直线性,提高播种质量。单独使用双V型筑沟器,在开沟速度为1.9 m/s、开沟深度为40 mm时,播深变异系数最小(0.086);在开沟速度为1.9 m/s、开沟深度为60 mm时,播种横向变异最小(1.356)。采用Design-Expert软件对试验数据优化分析得到,圆盘开沟器与双V型筑沟器组合作业效果优于单独使用双V型筑沟器,开沟深度57 mm、行走速度1.9 m/s为最优作业工况,此时播深变异系数为0.15,播种横向变异系数为1.25,重复性田间试验证明了模型的最优作业工况。

关键词: 农业工程, 双V型筑沟器, 开沟器, 播深变异系数, 播种横向变异系数

Abstract: A new Double-V-shaped (DVS) furrow opener was designed to further insure the operation of soybean ridge cultivation precision planting, improve the sowing quality and sowing depth uniformity. The opener consists of shovel stand and profiling press mechanism. The performance of this opener was experimentally studied in soybean fields. The opening depths were set to 40 mm, 50 mm and 60 mm respectively, and working speeds were set to 1.9 m/s, 2.2 m/s and 2.5 m/s respectively; the sowing Depth Variation Coefficient (DVC) and sowing Width Variation Coefficient (WVC) were measured as the indexes. Experimental results show that the SVS furrow opener can smooth the furrow cliff, improve the sowing quality and decrease both DVC and WVC. The minimal DVC was 0.086 when the furrow depth was 40 mm and working speed was 1.9 m/s, and the minimal WVC was 1.356 when the furrow depth was 60 mm and the working speed was 1.9 m/s. Optimization analysis of the experimental data using Design-Expert software shows that the working quality of the cooperation of double-disk digger and DVS furrow opener is better than that of the DVS furrow opener. The best operation condition is at 1.9 m/s working speed and 57 mm opening depth, where the DVC is 0.15 and WVC is 1.25.

Key words: agricultural engineering, Double-V-shaped furrow opener, opener, sowing depth variation coefficient, sowing width variation coefficient

中图分类号: 

  • S220.39
[1] 贾洪雷,王文君,庄健,等.仿形弹性镇压辊设计与试验[J].农业机械学报,2015,46(6):28-34.
Jia Hong-lei, Wang Wen-jun, Zhuang Jian, et al. Design and experiment of profiling elastic press roller[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2015, 46(6): 28-34.
[2] 贾洪雷,马成林,刘昭辰,等.北方旱作农业区蓄水保墒耕作模式研究[J].农业机械学报,2007,38(12):190-194.
Jia Hong-lei, Ma Cheng-lin, Liu Zhao-chen, et al. Overview of study on the tillage mode of water storage and soil moisture conservation for dry farming region in northern China[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2007, 38(12): 190-194.
[3] Collins B A, Fowler D B. Effect of soil characteristics, seeding depth, operating speed and opener design on draft force during seeding[J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 1996, 39(3/4): 199-211.
[4] Botta G F, Tolon-Becerra A, Lastra-Bravo X, et al. Tillage and traffic effects (planters and tractors) on soil compaction and soybean (Glycine max L) yields in Argentinean pampas[J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 2010, 110(1): 167-147.
[5] 马成林.精密播种理论[M].长春:吉林科学技术出版社,1999.
[6] 王庆杰,姚宗路,高焕文,等.楔刀型免耕开沟器设计与试验[J]. 机械工程学报,2008,44(9): 177-182.
Wang Qing-jie, Yao Zong-lu, Gao Huan-wen, et al. Design and experiment on a wedge shaped no-tillage opener[J]. Chinese Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2008, 44(9): 177-182.
[7] 顾耀全,贾洪雷,郭慧,等. 滑刀式开沟器设计及试验[J].农业机械学报,2013,44(2): 38-42.
Gu Yao-quan, Jia Hong-lei, Guo Hui, et al. Design and experiment of sliding knife furrow opener[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2013, 44(2): 38-42.
[8] 苟文,马荣朝,杨文钰,等. 小麦免耕播种机开沟器的设计[J].农业工程学报,2012,28(增刊1): 21-25.
Gou Wen, Ma Rong-chao, Yang Wen-yu, et al. Design of opener on no-till wheat seeder[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2012, 28(Sup.1): 21-25.
[9] 于建群,钱立彬,于文静,等.开沟器工作阻力的离散元法仿真分析[J].农业机械学报,2009,40(6): 53-57.
Yu Jian-qun, Qian Li-bin, Yu Wen-jing, et al. DEM analysis of the resistances applied on furrow openers[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2009, 40(6): 53-57.
[10] Tong J, Moayadc B Z, Ma Y H, et al. Effects of biomimetic surface designs on furrow opener performance[J]. Journal of Bionic Engineering, 2009, 6(3): 280-289.
[11] Vamerali T, Bertocco M, Sartori L. Effects of a new wide-sweep opener for no-till planter on seed zone properties and root establishment in maize(Zea mays, L.):a comparison with double-disk opener[J]. Soil & Tillage Research, 2006, 89(2): 196-209.
[12] Karayel D, Özmerzi A. Comparison of vertical and lateral seed distribution of furrow openers using a new criterion[J]. Soil and Tillage Research, 2007, 95(1/2): 69-75.
[13] Solhjoua A, Fielke J M, Desbiolles J M A, et al. Soil translocation by narrow openers with various bent leg geometries[J]. Biosystems Engineering, 2014, 124(9): 41-49.
[14] Medina V, Gilbert M E. Physiological trade-offs of stomatal closure under high evaporative gradients in field grown soybean[J]. Functional Plant Biology, 2016, 43(1): 40-51.
[15] 吕彬,杨悦乾,刘宏俊,等.大豆双行侧深施肥免耕播种机关键部件设计与试验[J]. 大豆科学,2015,34(16): 1047-1052.
Lv Bin, Yang Yue-qian, Liu Hong-jun, et al. Design and experiment on twin-row soybean no-till planter[J]. Soybean Science, 2015, 34(6): 1047-1052.
[16] 贾洪雷,郑嘉鑫,范旭辉,等.双V型筑沟器[P]. 中国:201510063904.3,2015-05-13.
[17] Liu W D, Tollenaar M, Stewart G, et al. Response of corn grain yield to spatial and temporal variability in emergence[J]. Corp Science, 2004, 44(3): 847-854.
[18] Zhao J L, Jia H L, Jiang X M, et al. Design and optimization of a double-concave rocker seedmeter for precision seeding[J]. Agricultural Mechanization in Asia Africa and Latin America, 2015, 46(2): 29-34.
[1] 王扬, 王晓梅, 陈泽仁, 于建群. 基于离散元法的玉米籽粒建模[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2018, 48(5): 1537-1547.
[2] 贾洪雷, 王万鹏, 陈志, 庄健, 王文君, 刘慧力. 基于土壤坚实度的仿形弹性镇压辊镇压力实时测量方法[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2018, 48(4): 1169-1175.
[3] 陈东辉, 吕建华, 龙刚, 张宇晨, 常志勇. 基于ADAMS的半悬挂式农业机组静侧翻稳定性[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2018, 48(4): 1176-1183.
[4] 王扬, 吕凤妍, 徐天月, 于建群. 大豆籽粒形状和尺寸分析及其建模[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2018, 48(2): 507-517.
[5] 肖志锋, 乐建波, 吴南星, 刘相东. 操作压力对过热蒸汽流化床干燥的影响[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2015, 45(4): 1375-1380.
[6] 张金波，佟金，马云海. 仿生肋条结构表面深松铲刃的磨料磨损特性[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2015, 45(1): 174-180.
[7] 齐龙, 谭祖庭, 马旭, 陈国锐, 谢俊锋, 邝健霞. 气动振动式匀种装置工作参数的优化及试验[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2014, 44(6): 1684-1691.
[8] 齐龙, 廖文强, 马旭, 林建衡, 区志行, 詹志勋. 水田小型除草机器人平台控制系统设计与测试[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2013, 43(04): 991-996.
[9] 翟治芬, 严昌荣, 张建华, 张燕卿, 刘爽. 基于蚁群算法和支持向量机的节水灌溉技术优选[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2013, 43(04): 997-1003.
[10] 张强, 于路路, 贾洪雷. 拖拉机用装卸装置的设计与试验[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2012, 42(增刊1): 108-112.
[11] 周德义, 王子佳, 张丹丹, 吴冠军, 周晗宇. 新型玉米收获机的秸秆处理装置[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2012, 42(增刊1): 113-116.
[12] 张强, 张璐, 刘宪军, 于路路, 贾洪雷. 基于有限元法的仿生钩形深松铲耕作阻力[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2012, 42(增刊1): 117-121.
[13] 王增辉, 黄东岩, 李卓识, 贾洪雷, 万宝成. 工作参数对旋耕碎茬通用刀片功率消耗的影响[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2012, 42(增刊1): 122-125.
[14] 王建林, 杨印生, 王学玲. 基于可拓数据挖掘的黄河三角洲土地利用评价[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2012, 42(增刊1): 479-483.
[15] 韩豹,吴文福,权龙哲. 水平圆盘式苗间锄草装置的多目标优化设计及仿真[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2011, 41(03): 692-696.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
No Suggested Reading articles found!
版权所有 © 《吉林大学学报(工学版)》编辑部
地址：长春市人民大街5988号　电话：+86-431-85095297　传真：+86-431-85094074　E-mail: xbgxb@jlu.edu.cn
本系统由北京玛格泰克科技发展有限公司设计开发