装载机卸载工况动臂油缸回缩现象分析

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20200372

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对装载机在最高位置卸载工况下动臂油缸的回缩现象进行了机理分析，提出一种基于ADAMS优化举升机构倍力系数从而解决动臂油缸回缩的方法。搭建了工作机构运动学ADAMS仿真模型及工作液压系统AMEsim仿真模型，并通过实验验证了仿真模型的正确性。构建目标函数及约束函数后，通过ADAMS寻优得到新的的工作机构铰点坐标。仿真优化结果表明，在满足装载机其他工作性能的前提下，卸载工况举升倍力系数提高了30.8%，动臂油缸回缩量减小了89.3%，为今后工作机构的设计提供了理论基础。

关键词: 轮式装载机, 回缩现象, 倍力系数, 举升机构, 仿真优化

Abstract:

This paper first analyzes the mechanism of retraction of boom cylinder, and then puts forward a method to solve the problem of boom cylinder retraction by optimizing the force multiplication coefficient of lifting mechanism based on ADAMS. The kinematic ADAMS simulation model of the working mechanism and the AMEsim simulation model of the working hydraulic system are built. Experiments are carried out to verify the correctness of the simulation model. After constructing the objective function and the constraint function, the new hinge point coordinates of the working mechanism are obtained through the optimization of ADAMS. Simulation and optimization results show that, under the premise of satisfying other working performances of the loader, the lifting mechanism force multiplication coefficient in the unloading condition is increased by 30.8%, and the retraction of the boom cylinder is reduced by 89.3%. This research provides a theoretical basis for the design of the future working mechanism.

Key words: wheel loader, retraction phenomenon, force multiplication coefficient, lifting mechanism, simulation and optimization

中图分类号:

TH243

谭鹏,刘昕晖,陈伟,曹丙伟,杨阔. 装载机卸载工况动臂油缸回缩现象分析[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2021, 51(4): 1204-1212.

Peng TAN,Xin-hui LIU,Wei CHEN,Bing-wei CAO,Kuo YANG. Analysis on retracting phenomenon of boom cylinder of loader under unloading condition[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2021, 51(4): 1204-1212.

图/表 21

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表1

工作装置性能参数值"

参数	初始值	优化值
举升机构倍力系数	0.13	0.17
平动性 $Δ α$ /（°）	11.86	11.50
卸载角/（°）	-44.89	-45.09
卸载高度/mm	3162.16	3167.79
卸载距离/mm	1049.88	1080.00
摇臂传动角/（°）	57.28~168.99	56.69~160.00
拉杆传动角/（°）	18.33~159.32	16.60~162.47

表1

表2

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设计变量	初始值	优化值
DV_1（Ay）/mm	681.00	684.50
DV_2（Ay）/mm	935.50	932.87
DV_4（By）/mm	1613.50	1614.30
DV_7（Dx）/mm	1195.00	1201.29
DV_8（Dy）/mm	1558.50	1561.88
DV_10（Ey）/mm	937.74	927.61

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