基于主成分分析阈值选取的挖掘机主泵载荷谱外推

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20210663

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对时域外推时阈值选取高敏感、精度低等问题，提出一种基于主成分分析法的多准则阈值选取方法。首先，搭建一套压力无线测试系统采集液压挖掘机连续作业工况下载荷数据，通过多种检验准则得到各备选阈值下广义帕累托分布（GPD）拟合检验指标，基于各检验指标并结合主成分分析法选取最优阈值。然后，提取超阈值数据并利用GPD对超阈值数据进行拟合，拟合结果和超阈值数据之间相关系数均大于0.995，根据GPD生成与超阈值数据数目一致的随机数据并取代原超阈值数据实现载荷谱时域外推。最后，对一倍外推数据和原数据频次特性进行分析，二者之间的幅值相关系数为0.987，均值相关系数为0.993。结果表明，本文阈值选取方法适用于载荷谱时域外推。

关键词: 液压挖掘机, 参数估计, 时域外推, 广义帕累托分布

Abstract:

Aiming at the high sensitivity and low accuracy of threshold selection in time domain extrapolation， a multi-criteria threshold selection method based on principal component analysis is proposed. First， a pressure wireless test system to collect load data under continuous operating conditions of hydraulic excavators was set up； and the fitting test indexes of Generalized Pareto distribution (GPD) under various candidate thresholds are obtained through a variety of test criteria， and the optimal threshold is selected based on each test index and principal component analysis. Secondly， the over-threshold data is extracted and the GPD distribution is used to fit the over-threshold data. The correlation coefficient between the fitting result and the over-threshold data is greater than 0.995， and the GPD distribution generates random data consistent with the number of over-threshold data and replaces the original over-threshold data to achieve extrapolation of the load spectrum in time domain. Finally， the frequency characteristics of the one-fold extrapolated data and the original data are analyzed， and the amplitude correlation coefficient between them is 0.987， and the mean correlation coefficient is 0.993. The results show that the threshold selection method in this paper is suitable for time-domain extrapolation of the load spectrum.

Key words: hydraulic excavator, parameter estimation, time domain extrapolation, generalized pareto distribution

中图分类号:

TU621

陈晋市,张淼淼,王普长,耿冬妮,王月行,张志伟. 基于主成分分析阈值选取的挖掘机主泵载荷谱外推[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(2): 355-363.

Jin-shi CHEN,Miao-miao ZHANG,Pu-chang WANG,Dong-ni GENG,Yue-xing WANG,Zhi-wei ZHANG. Extrapolation of excavator main pump load spectrum based on threshold selection for principal component analysis[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2023, 53(2): 355-363.

图/表 14

图1

图2

图3

图4

表1

标准化后矩阵 X"

阈值u	$X 1$	$X 2$	$X 3$	$X 4$	$X 5$	$X 6$
74	0.0249	0.0028	0.1239	0	0	0.5362
75	0.0600	0.0494	0.0766	0.0600	0.0589	0.5611
76	0	0	0.2586	0.0492	0.0002	0.4678
$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$
174	0.8191	0.7757	0.9161	0.9020	0.7656	0.2753
175	0.7693	0.7162	0.8947	0.8632	0.7041	0

表1

表2

检验准则指标相关矩阵表 A"

	$X 1$	$X 2$	$X 3$	$X 4$	$X 5$	$X 6$
$X 1$	1.0000	0.9962	0.9710	0.9874	0.9948	0.7158
$X 2$	0.9962	1.0000	0.9642	0.9903	0.9993	0.7519
$X 3$	0.9710	0.9642	1.0000	0.9704	0.9584	0.6423
$X 4$	0.9874	0.9903	0.9704	1.0000	0.9858	0.6871
$X 5$	0.9948	0.9993	0.9584	0.9858	1.0000	0.7612
$X 6$	0.7158	0.7519	0.6423	0.6871	0.7612	1.0000

表2

表3

特征值贡献率表"

特征值	特征根	贡献率/%	累积贡献率/%
$λ 1$	0.4014	94.67	94.67
$λ 2$	0.0187	4.40	99.07
$λ 3$	0.0028	0.66	99.73
$λ 4$	0.0009	0.22	99.95
$λ 5$	0.0002	0.05	100.00
$λ 6$	0.0000	0.00	100.00

表3

表4

下限阈值u、F及排名表"

阈值u	评价值F	排名	阈值u	评价值F	排名
156	2.3117	1	172	1.9280	52
158	2.3115	2	173	1.9136	53
$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$
121	1.9613	50	76	0.2395	101
123	1.9478	51	74	0.1994	102

表4

表5

上限阈值u、F及排名表"

阈值u	评价值F	排名	阈值u	评价值F	排名
211	1.9398	1	235	1.3496	52
206	1.9383	2	236	1.3374	53
$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$
175	1.3551	50	274	0.3415	101
198	1.3496	51	273	0.3250	102

表5

表6

图5

图6

图7

图8

参考文献 19

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阈值	形状参数	尺度参数
156	-0.4355	72.3797
211	-0.4672	59.5360

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