横向循环载荷下多螺栓连接松弛特性分析

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20230840

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对复杂的多螺栓连接松动问题，提出了一种横向循环载荷下的建模方法。首先，将螺纹受力面分为n个小扇区，考虑螺栓之间的相互影响，建立多螺栓连接的自松弛力学模型。其次，利用Matlab软件求解自松弛模型，并与Nassar模型进行对比以验证模型的正确性。最后，考虑不同螺栓数目、孔间隙、连接间距的影响，研究多螺栓连接松弛的特性。结果表明：在松动过程中，螺栓头部经历弯曲-滑动-弯曲的循环过程，螺栓张力呈现波浪下降的趋势；当多螺栓连接时，松动循环次数随着孔间隙的增加而线性减少；随着螺栓连接间距的等距增加，螺栓松动循环次数呈现递减的趋势；相对于螺栓数目，螺栓孔间隙和连接间距的变化更容易对螺栓松动造成影响。

关键词: 多螺栓连接, 螺栓松弛, 螺栓张力, 横向载荷, 松动循环次数

Abstract:

A modeling method under lateral cyclic loading is proposed for the complex multi-bolt connection loosening problem. Firstly， the thread stress surface is divided into n small sectors， and the self-relaxation mechanical model of multi-bolt connection is established considering the interaction between bolts. Secondly， the self-relaxation model is solved by Matlab software and compared with Nassar model to verify the correctness of the model. Finally， considering the influence of different bolt number， hole clearance and connection spacing， the relaxation characteristics of multi-bolt connection are studied. The results show that during the loosening process， the bolt head undergoes a bending-sliding-bending cycle process， and the bolt tension shows a wave downward trend. When multiple bolts are connected， the number of loosening cycles decreases linearly with the increase of hole clearance. With the equidistant increase of bolt connection spacing， the number of bolt loosening cycles shows a decreasing trend. Compared with the number of bolts， the change of bolt hole clearance and connection spacing is more likely to affect bolt loosening.

Key words: multiple bolted joints, loosening bolts, bolt tension, lateral load, number of loosening cycles

中图分类号:

TH131

李玲,田辉涛,妙东浩,解妙霞,程福安. 横向循环载荷下多螺栓连接松弛特性分析[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2025, 55(5): 1525-1535.

Ling LI,Hui-tao TIAN,Dong-hao MIAO,Miao-xia XIE,Fu-an CHENG. Analysis of relaxation characteristics of multi-bolted connections under the transverse cyclic load[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2025, 55(5): 1525-1535.

图/表 18

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

表1

图10

图11

图12

图13

图14

图15

图16

图17

参考文献 20

[1]	徐阳, 阳光武, 杨龙,等. 螺栓连接松动与疲劳失效研究[J]. 铁道车辆, 2022, 60(4): 9-14.
	Xu Yang, Yang Guang-wu, Yang Long, et al. Reaseech on bolted joints looseness and fatigue failure[J]. Rolling Stock, 2022, 60(4): 9-14.
[2]	Ibrahim R A, Pettit C L. Uncertainties and dynamic problems of bolted joints and other fasteners[J]. Journal of Sound and Vibration, 2005, 279(3): 857-936.
[3]	Junker G H. Criteria for self-loosening of fasteners under vibration[J]. Aircraft Engineering and Aerospace Technology, 1969, 44(10): 14-16.
[4]	Zhang M, Lu L, Wang W, et al. The roles of thread wear on self-loosening behavior of bolted joints under transverse cyclic loading[J]. Wear, 2018, 394: 30-39.
[5]	Liu J, Ouyang H, Peng J, et al. Experimental and numerical studies of bolted joints subjected to axial excitation[J]. Wear, 2016, 346: 66-77.
[6]	Liu J, Ouyang H, Feng Z, et al. Study on self-loosening of bolted joints excited by dynamic axial load[J]. Tribology International, 2017, 115: 432-451.
[7]	杜永强, 刘建华, 刘学通,等. 偏心载荷作用下螺栓连接结构的松动行为研究[J]. 机械工程学报, 2018,54(14):74-81.
	Du Yong-qiang, Liu Jian-hua, Liu Xue-tong, et al. Research on self-loosening behavior of bolted joints under eccentric excitation[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering, 2018, 54(14): 74-81.
[8]	Nassar S A, Housari B A. Self-loosening of threaded fasteners due to cyclic transverse loads[C]∥ ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, Denvor, USA, 2005: 169-187.
[9]	李海江, 田煜, 孟永钢,等. 横向振动作用下螺纹联接松动过程的实验研究[J]. 清华大学学报: 自然科学版, 2016, 56(2): 171-175.
	Li Hai-jiang, Tian Yu, Meng Yong-gang, et al. Experimental study of the loosening of threaded fasteners with transverse vibration[J]. Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology), 2016, 56(2): 171- 175.
[10]	胡阳, 姜东, 王旻睿,等. 横向载荷作用下螺栓连接松动过程研究[J]. 振动.测试与诊断, 2020, 40(6): 1091-1098.
	Hu Yang, Jiang Dong, Wang Min-rui, et al. Study on loosening process of bolted joints under transverse load[J]. Journal of Vibration, Measurement & Diagnosis, 2020, 40(6): 1091-1098.
[11]	刘光辉, 伍川, 吕中宾, 等. 输电铁塔螺栓紧固特性影响因素试验研究[J]. 现代制造工程, 2022, 498(3): 84-91.
	Liu Guang-hui, Wu Chuan, Zhong-bin Lyu, et al. Experimental study on factors of bolt fastening characteristics for transmission line tower[J]. Modern Manufacturing Engineering, 2022, 498(3): 84-91.
[12]	Yang L, Yang B, Yang G, et al. Research on factors affecting competitive failure between loosening and fatigue of bolt under combined excitation[J]. Journal of Constructional Steel Research, 2022, 189:No.107110.
[13]	王开平, 张明远, 闫明, 等. 冲击载荷下材料松动期内螺栓松动影响因素研究[J]. 振动与冲击, 2020, 39(22): 35-40.
	Wang Kai-ping, Zhang Ming-yuan, Yan Ming, et al. Factors affecting bolt loosening during material loosening period under impact loading[J]. Journal of Vibration and Shock, 2020, 39(22): 35-40.
[14]	Okugawa M, Tanaka T. Effect on detection sensitivity for smart washer configuration and ambient temperature characteristics on bolted joint[J]. Proc SPIE, 2007, 6532:No. 12715684.
[15]	莫易敏, 梁绍哲, 晏熙,等. 汽车高强度螺栓的防松性能的影响因素研究[J]. 机械设计与制造, 2015, 2015(9):89-92.
	Mo Yi-min, Liang Shao-zhe, Yan Xi, et al. A study of effects on anti-loosening performance of automobile high-strength threaded fasteners[J]. Machinery Design & Manufacture, 2015(9): 89-92.
[16]	王旻睿, 谭志勇, 何顶顶, 等. 高温环境复合材料螺栓连接振动的防松试验[J]. 振动、测试与诊断, 2018, 38(6): 1004-1175.
	Wang Min-rui, Tan Zhi-yong, He Ding-ding, et al. Anti-loosening experiment of composite bolted structures under high temperature and vibration circumstance[J]. Journal of Vibration, Measurement & Diagnosis, 2018, 38(6): 1004-1175.
[17]	李志彬, 陈岩, 孙伟程, 等. 横向振动下螺栓连接失效及影响因素研究[J]. 宇航总体技术, 2018, 2(4): 24-30.
	Li Zhi-bin, Chen Yan, Sun Wei-cheng, et al. Study on failure of bolt connection and influence factors under transverse vibration[J]. Astronautical Systems Engineering Technology, 2018, 2(4): 24-30.
[18]	Wang Z, Jiang Y. Study of a major mechanism for self-loosening of bolted joints[C]∥ASME Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference, Vancouver, Canada, 2006: 221-227.
[19]	Chen J, Hsieh S, Lee A. The failure of threaded fasteners due to vibration[J]. Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science, 2005, 219(3): 299-314.
[20]	Nassar S A, Housari B A. Study of the effect of hole clearance and thread fit on the self-loosening of threaded fasteners[J]. Journal of Mechanical Design, 2007, 129(6): 1053-1062.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

螺栓连接组合编号	1号螺栓孔间隙Δ₁/mm	2号螺栓孔间隙Δ₂/mm	3号螺栓孔间隙Δ₃/mm
1	0.3	0.3
2	0.6	0.6
3	1	1
4	0.3	0.6
5	0.3	1
6	0.6	1
7	0.3	0.3	0.3
8	0.6	0.6	0.6
9	1	1	1
10	0.3	0.6	1
11	0.6	0.6	1
12	1	0.6	1