宽翼边U型截面不锈钢型材拉弯成形缺陷控制

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb201704022

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 对一种新型宽翼边U型截面不锈钢型材的拉弯成形过程进行了模拟分析,研究了此类构件拉弯成形主要缺陷的成因及控制方法,并进行了试验验证。结果表明:宽翼边U型截面不锈钢型材拉弯成形主要缺陷为截面畸变和轮廓精度差,其中截面畸变缺陷包括底面翘起、立边弯曲、翼边翘曲和截面扩口或缩口;窄翼边一侧截面畸变程度较宽翼边一侧更严重;截面畸变缺陷主要因拉弯过程中立边的收缩引起,对立边高度进行合理补偿能够有效消除截面畸变缺陷;轮廓精度差主要因回弹量大引起;调整拉伸量等工艺参数一定程度上能够减小回弹,提高轮廓精度,而基于回弹对模具型面进行修正能够明显提高轮廓精度。最后,利用本文缺陷控制方法,开展了某轨道车辆宽翼边U型截面不锈钢立柱构件的拉弯成形试验,获得了合格的拉弯件,证明了本文方法的正确性。

关键词: 材料合成与加工工艺, 宽翼边, U型截面, 不锈钢, 型材拉弯, 缺陷控制

Abstract: The stretch bending process of a new U-section stainless steel profile with wide flange was investigated by simulation. The causes and corresponding control methods of the main forming defects were studied, and the conclusions were verified by tests. Results show that the main forming defects are the section distortions and low contour accuracy. The section distortions include bottom surface upwarping, sidewall bending, flange warping and section expanding or contracting. The section distortions in the narrow flange side are more serious than that in the wide flange side. The section distortions are mainly caused by the shrinkage of the sidewall during stretch bending, which can be eliminated effectively by reasonable compensation of the profile sidewall height. The low contour accuracy is mainly due to springback, which can be improved to certain extent by adjusting the process parameters, while to modify the die surface based the springback can obviously improve the contour accuracy. Based on the above analyses, defect control methods were proposed and stretch bending tests of a U-section stainless steel pillar with wide flange on a rail vehicle were conducted. Qualified stretch bent parts were achieved, which verify proposed control methods.

Key words: materials synthesis and processing technology, wide flange, U-section, stainless steel, profile stretch bending, defect control

中图分类号:

TG306

谷诤巍, 张文学, 吕萌萌, 王伟, 徐虹, 李欣. 宽翼边U型截面不锈钢型材拉弯成形缺陷控制[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2017, 47(4): 1165-1170.

GU Zheng-wei, ZHANG Wen-xue, LYU Meng-meng, WANG Wei, XU Hong, LI Xin. Stretch bending defect control of U-section stainless steel profile with wide flange[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2017, 47(4): 1165-1170.

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