考虑碳排放的大型制造企业甩挂运输牵引车调度优化

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20200230

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了在完成既定运输任务的前提下减少大型制造企业内的碳排放量，阐述了大型企业采用甩挂运输的可行性和优越性。以吨公里CO₂排放量为目标函数，构建了硬时间窗约束下的考虑碳排放的大型制造企业内牵引车优化调度模型，并设计了两阶段启发式算法求解该模型。该算法首先应用扫描算法获得模型初始可行解；然后，分别采用模拟退火算法和禁忌搜索算法提高初始可行解质量；最后，将优化模型和算法运用于以湖南华菱钢铁公司实例为基础的11个算例，并进行求解。结果表明：优化调度模型及两阶段启发式求解算法是可行、有效的。本文优化调度方法具有良好的节能减排效果，同时也说明大型制造企业内牵引车的中心节点选址能有效降低甩挂运输的碳排放量。

关键词: 公路运输, 甩挂运输, 碳排放, 牵引车调度, 模拟退火, 禁忌搜索

Abstract:

In order to reduce the carbon emissions based on the premise of specified transportation tasks in the large manufacturing enterprises， first， the account of the feasibility and superiority of adopting drop and pull transport is given out. Second， an optimization dispatching model of tractors is constructed under the constraint of hard time window， with t·km CO₂ emission as the objective function. Third， a two-stage algorithm is designed for solving the optimization dispatching model. The algorithm presented applies scan algorithm to get the initial feasible solution first， then adopts the simulated annealing algorithm and tabu search algorithm respectively to improve the solution. The optimization model and the algorithm proposed are applied to the 11 data sets of Hunan Hualing Iron and Steel Company. The experimental results indicate that the optimization dispatching model and the two-stage algorithm are feasible and effective. The dispatching optimization method for tractors with carbon emission consideration proposed in this paper has a good effect on energy saving and emission reduction. It also indicates that the reasonable location of the center node of tractors in large manufacturing enterprises can effectively decrease the carbon emissions of drop and pull transportation.

Key words: highway transportation, drop and pull transport, carbon emission, tractor scheduling, simulated annealing, tabu search

中图分类号:

U492.2

成耀荣,杨谦,郑国华. 考虑碳排放的大型制造企业甩挂运输牵引车调度优化[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2021, 51(3): 893-899.

Yao-rong CHENG,Qian YANG,Guo-hua ZHENG. Tractor scheduling optimization of drop and pull transport in large⁃scale manufacturing enterprises considering carbon emission[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2021, 51(3): 893-899.

图/表 6

表1

表2

表3

公司某日运输任务和时间窗"

任务	$t r E$	$t r L$	运输量/t
(1,2,8)	10:48	11:40	11
(2,2,7)	7:45	9:09	18
(3,2,7)	10:57	12:09	18
(4,2,9)	11:03	12:04	23
(5,2,9)	12:32	13:35	18
(6,2,8)	7:23	8:11	12
(7,3,9)	12:30	13:42	29
(8,9,4)	10:03	11:12	26
(9,9,4)	12:48	13:53	25
(10,9,8)	14:08	14:53	11
(11,9,7)	7:47	8:50	16
(12,9,7)	14:32	15:37	12
(13,4,5)	14:07	15:05	19
(14,4,9)	7:36	8:46	18
(15,4,6)	7:12	8:05	12
(16,4,6)	11:02	11:54	23
(17,4,6)	13:52	14:45	20
(18,4,11)	9:24	10:27	18
(19,7,5)	13:36	14:45	20
(20,7,10)	7:24	8:23	25
(21,7,6)	7:09	7:59	21
(22,7,6)	13:47	14:36	23
(23,7,11)	8:00	9:03	18
(24,7,11)	14:15	15:14	22

表3

表4

表5

图1

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主要生产单位	节点编号	X坐标/m	Y坐标/m
中心节点	1	0	0
棒材厂	2	-3200	-800
棒材成品库	3	3800	-1000
2250热轧板厂	4	-1400	800
2250热轧板成品库	5	2200	-200
冷轧板厂	6	-4600	-1000
冷轧板厂成品库	7	3400	-1000
一炼轧厂	8	-4600	0
CSP热轧板成品库	9	-3000	800
210转炉厂	10	800	-1000
VAMA板厂	11	-3000	-1000

算例编号	X坐标/m	算例编号	X坐标/m	Y坐标/m
R1	0	R7	0	200
R2	1000	R8	0	400
R3	2000	R9	0	600
R4	3000	R10	0	800
R5	4000	R11	0	1000
R6	5000

牵引车编号	牵引车路径
1	1→7→6→7→10→7→11→4→6→3→9→4→6→1
2	1→4→6→9→7→2→7→2→9→7→5→9→8→1
3	1→2→8→4→9→4→11→9→4→2→8→4→5→1
4	1→2→7→2→9→9→4→7→6→7→11→9→7→1