动臂塔机防后倾缓冲力计算方法

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20211337

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为准确计算动臂塔机的防后倾缓冲力，考虑塔身弹性振动和起重臂刚体转动对防后倾装置动力学的影响，建立了描述防后倾缓冲器相对运动的数学模型，结合防后倾装置的缓冲特性模型，建立了描述防后倾缓冲力与起重机动态特性的数学关系。以一台装备液压防后倾装置的动臂塔机为研究对象，辨识了组成缓冲力计算模型的参数，通过系列工况的防后倾实验验证了防后倾缓冲力计算模型。根据防后倾缓冲力的实验值，计算了突然卸载工况的等效动载系数，验证了《起重机设计规范》中突然卸载工况的动载系数要求，可为动臂塔机设计的相关国家标准修订提供参考。

关键词: 机械设计及理论, 动臂塔机, 缓冲力, 非参数模型, 动载系数

Abstract:

To address accurately calculate the buffer force of anti-backward-tilting device （ABTD） of luffing jib tower crane， considering the influence of tower body elastic vibration and boom rigid body rotation on the dynamics of ABTD， a mathematical model describing the relative movement of buffer is established. Combined with the buffer characteristic model of ABTD， the mathematical relationship between the buffer force of ABTD and dynamic characteristics of luffing jib tower crane is established. Taking a luffing jib tower crane equipped with hydraulic ABTD as the research object， multiple parameters of the buffer force calculation model are identified， and the buffer force calculation model is verified by a series of anti-backward-tilting test. According to the experimental value of buffer force of ABTD， the dynamic load factor of unloading load is calculated， and the relevant requirements of dynamic load factor under sudden unloading condition in Design Rules for Cranes are corrected， which provides a reference for the revision of relevant national standards for the design of luffing jib tower crane.

Key words: mechanical design and theory, luffing jib tower crane, buffer force, non-parametric model, dynamic load factor

中图分类号:

TH212

刘洋. 动臂塔机防后倾缓冲力计算方法[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(10): 2785-2794.

Yang LIU. Calculation method of anti-backward-tilting buffer force of luffing jib tower crane[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2023, 53(10): 2785-2794.

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参考文献 16

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吊重	臂根横向变形	门架横向变形	缓冲杆与缓冲缸的相对位移
54%额定载荷	17	38	21
60%额定载荷	18	39	21
67%额定载荷	20	42	22
73%额定载荷	18	47	29
100%额定载荷	29	65	36

卸载载荷	阻尼力实验值/kN	阻尼力计算值/kN	误差/%
54%额定载荷	24.0	22.1	7.9
60%额定载荷	28.0	24.7	11.8
67%额定载荷	28.5	26.4	7.4
73%额定载荷	30.5	32.0	4.9

卸载载荷	动载系数实验值1	动载系数实验值2	动载系数计算值	误差/%
54%额定载荷	0.41	0.42	0.40	2.4
60%额定载荷	0.40	0.41	0.38	5.0
67%额定载荷	0.36	0.37	0.35	2.8
73%额定载荷	0.34	0.34	0.35	2.9

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