多主轴头数控机床虚拟仿真加工平台的构建方法

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20221223

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对目前多主轴头数控机床在虚拟仿真加工过程中无法实现多主轴头切换调用的问题，提出了一种多主轴头数控机床虚拟仿真加工平台的构建方法。首先，根据多主轴头数控机床的多主轴头库创立虚拟轴，构建其各运动轴的拓扑结构，搭建虚拟数控机床的几何模型；其次，利用数控系统的宏和变量等进行二次开发，通过改变虚拟轴中各主轴头组件在虚拟数控机床结构项目树和几何模型中的位置得到宏程序，并通过宏调用指令将此更换主轴头宏程序作为子程序代替执行NC程序中更换主轴头的功能指令，使虚拟数控机床在执行更换主轴头指令时实际执行的是更换主轴头的宏程序，实现了多主轴头数控机床虚拟仿真加工过程中主轴头的动态切换调用；最后，应用该方法构建了UniForce6落地镗铣加工中心的虚拟仿真加工平台，并完成了某箱体零件的仿真加工。结果表明：该虚拟仿真加工平台可实现多个主轴头协同完成加工过程的连续仿真，符合实际加工工况，且在更换主轴头的过程中可检查干涉碰撞情况，进一步提高了多主轴头数控机床虚拟仿真加工的有效性。

关键词: 机械制造, 多主轴头数控机床, 虚拟轴, 拓扑结构, 宏程序, 连续仿真加工

Abstract:

Aiming at the problem that current the CNC machine tools with multi-spindle heads cannot realize the multi-spindle head switching call in the virtual simulation process， a method of constructing a virtual simulation processing platform of the multi-spindle CNC machine tool is proposed. Firstly， as a multi-spindle head library for CNC machine tools with multi-spindle heads， the virtual axis are created， the topology of each motion axis is constructed， and the geometric model of virtual CNC machine tools is constructed. Secondly， the macro and variables of the CNC system are used for secondary development. By changing the position of the spindle head components in the virtual CNC machine tool structure project tree and the geometric model， the macro program is obtained，and by the macro calls instructions， it is used as a subroutine replace performing the functional instructions for changing the spindle head in the NC program. So that when the command to replace the spindle head is executed， the virtual CNC machine tool actually executes the macro program of changing the spindle head， and the dynamic switching call of the spindle head during the virtual simulation processing of the multi-spindle head CNC machine tool is realized. Finally， using this method， the virtual simulation processing platform of UniForce6 floor boring and milling machining center was constructed， and the simulation processing of a box part was completed. The results show that the virtual simulation processing platform can realize the continuous simulation of multiple spindle heads， which meets the actual processing conditions， and can check the interference and collision situation when changing the spindle head， which further improves the effectiveness of the virtual simulation processing of the CNC machine tool.

Key words: mechanical manufacturing, CNC machine tools with multi-spindle heads, virtual axis, topology structure, macro program, continuous simulation machining

中图分类号:

TG659

蔡安江,王沛彭,王晨曦,李玲. 多主轴头数控机床虚拟仿真加工平台的构建方法[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2024, 54(6): 1528-1536.

An-jiang CAI,Pei-peng WANG,Chen-xi WANG,Ling LI. Construction method of virtual simulation machining platform for CNC machine tools with multi-spindle heads[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2024, 54(6): 1528-1536.

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宏名	作用
SaveUnits	保存已激活的单元以在子程序之后恢复
UnitsMetric	指定在子程序中被使用的单元
CaxisMachineMotion	C轴运动
ProcessMotion	运动执行
TurnOnOff GagePivotOffset	打开/关闭轴偏置计算，0代表关闭， 1代表打开
ConnectCompName	定义组件连接
ConnectToCompName	连接到组件，一般与宏ConnectCompName 配合使用，改变组件间的相互依附关系
ActiveTool	激活刀具
PivotOffsetCompName	定义计算轴偏置的组件名称
RestoreUnits	储存单元
MacroVar	参数传递