封闭式景区纯电动客车调度方法

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20231277

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为满足封闭式景区纯电动客车（BEV）调度的需要，提出了一种多目标调度模型。以BEV购置、发班频次、停靠时间和充电价差等4个运营成本最优为目标，基于UI规则设计发车时刻表求解算法，运用启发式算法求解车次链集合，设计BEV性能测试方案，通过限制试验样车的行驶速度，获得单次往返行程时间，提出CRUISE仿真与实车测试相结合的最大往返次数推算方法。以五台山景区南线为实例，验证BEV调度模型和求解算法的可行性。结果表明：基于UI规则的分时段BEV调度求解算法可实现分钟级BEV发车时刻表；实例线路的BEV购车数求解结果与理想最小购车数的偏差率为2.99%，求解时间为0.89 s；在模拟日均客流量为0.3万~3.0万人规模的调度计划时，实际运力供需的最大偏差率为1.00%。研究成果可用于封闭式景区BEV动态调度算法和车数规模测算模型。

关键词: 交通运输系统工程, 封闭式景区, 纯电动客车, 多目标调度, 成本最优模型, 启发式算法

Abstract:

To meet the scheduling needs of battery electric vehicle （BEV） in closed scenic areas， a multi-objective scheduling model was proposed. With the goal of optimizing the operating costs of BEV procurement， frequency of departure， stopping time， and charging price difference， a departure schedule solving algorithm was designed based on UI rules. Heuristic algorithms were used to solve the train number chain set， and a BEV performance testing plan was designed. By limiting the driving speed of the test sample vehicle， the single round trip time was obtained， and a maximum round trip calculation method combining CRUISE simulation and real vehicle testing was proposed. Taking the south line of Mount Wutai scenic spot as an example， the feasibility of BEV scheduling model and solution algorithm was verified. The results indicate that the UI rule-based time slot BEV scheduling algorithm can achieve minute level BEV departure schedules. The deviation rate between the calculated number of BEV cars purchased on the example route and the ideal minimum number of cars purchased is 2.99%， with a solution time of 0.89 seconds. When simulating a scheduling plan with a daily passenger flow from 3 000 to 30 000， the maximum deviation rate of actual transportation capacity supply and demand is 1.00%. The research results can be applied to the BEV dynamic scheduling algorithm and vehicle scale calculation model for enclosed scenic spots.

Key words: engineering of communication and transportation system, closed scenic area, battery electric vehicle（BEV）, multi-objective scheduling, optimal cost model, heuristic algorithm

中图分类号:

U492.2

闫晟煜,程铭杰,田宏策,王洪瑀,周永恒,马博浩. 封闭式景区纯电动客车调度方法[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2025, 55(6): 1984-1993.

Sheng-yu YAN,Ming-jie CHENG,Hong-ce TIAN,Hong-yu WANG,Yong-heng ZHOU,Bo-hao MA. Scheduling algorithm for battery electric vehicle in closed scenic area[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2025, 55(6): 1984-1993.

图/表 11

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图2

图3

表1

图4

表2

表3

南线基本运营参数与充电桩参数"

参数	数值
$Q$ /（人·日^-1）	24 000
$W m a x$ /次	3
$t 1$ /min	6
$t 2$ /min	20
$t 3$ /min	70
320 kW直流单枪快充电流/A	500
320 kW直流双枪充电电流/A	250
320 kW直流单枪快充功率/kW	320
320 kW直流双枪充电功率/kW	160

表3

图5

图6

图7

图8

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弯道分类	坡度	上坡车速/ （km·h^-1）	下坡车速/ （km·h^-1）
多弯道路段	3%以内	［30，70］	［40，70］
	3%~8%	［20，60］	［30，50］
	8%以上	［20，50］	［20，40］
少弯道路段	3%以内	［40，80］	［40，80］
	3%~8%	［30，60］	［40，60］
	8%以上	［20，40］	［30，50］

试验样车	型号与技术参数
车型	ZK6127BEV
整备质量/kg	10 600
长×宽×高/（mm×mm×mm）	11 970×2 550×3 635
动力电池额定功率/（kW·h）	350
座位数/座	49+1
驱动电机型号	TZ400XSYTB49
开启空调的续驶里程/km	305