Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition) ›› 2023, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (5): 1338-1344.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20210937

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Analysis of microstructure and mechanical properties of probeless friction stir spot welding joint in AA6061⁃T6 aluminum thin plate

Gui-shen YU(),Xin CHEN(),Zi-tao WU,Yi-xiong CHEN,Guan-chen ZHANG   

  1. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control,Jilin University,Changchun 130022,China
  • Received:2021-09-17 Online:2023-05-01 Published:2023-05-25
  • Contact: Xin CHEN E-mail:yugs18@mails.jlu.edu.cn;cx@jlu.edu.cn

Abstract:

The effect of welding parameters on the tensile-shear mechanical properties and the fracture modes of probeless friction stir spot welding(PFSSW) joints was analyzed by Box-Behnken test design. The base material is 1.5 mm thick AA6061-T6 aluminum thin plate, which is commonly used in automobile body coverings. The tensile shear performance of PFSSW joints was optimized by response surface methodology(RSM). The results show that the metallographic structure of PFSSW joint is basin-shaped. The maximum tensile-shear failure load(TSFL) of 6.41 kN was obtained with the rotating speed of 2950 r/min, the plunging depth of 0.6 mm and the dwell time of 7 s. There are three types of PFSSW joint fracture modes. Among them, the nugget pull-out mode exhibited the highest average failure load(6.26 kN), interface separation mode was the lowest(4.89 kN) and mixed-mode was in the middle(5.60 kN).

Key words: vehicle engineering, probeless friction stir spot welding, tensile-shear failure load, parameters optimization, microstructure, fracture morphology

CLC Number: 

  • U465.2

Fig.1

Manufacturing and clamping of tensile-shear specimens"

Fig.2

Shape and dimensions of the welding tool (mm)"

Table 1

Welding parameters and their levels"

焊接参数符号参数水平
低(-1)中(0)高(-1)
转速/(r·min-1RS250030003500
下压量/mmPD0.30.50.7
停留时间/sDT579

Fig.3

Configuration and dimensions of tensile-shear specimens (mm)"

Fig.4

Metallographic structure of PFSSW weld"

Table 2

Box-Behnken design matrix and test results"

编号编码值实际值TSFL /kN
RSPDDTRS/(r·min-1PD/mmDT/s
1#01130000.795.99
2#1-1035000.375.09
3#-10125000.595.35
4#-10-125000.556.15
5#01-130000.755.97
6#-1-1025000.375.09
7#0-1-130000.355.30
8#10135000.595.66
9#00030000.576.50
10#10-135000.555.01
11#0-1130000.394.41
12#-11025000.775.73
13#00030000.576.24
14#00030000.576.47
15#00030000.576.08
16#11035000.775.96
17#00030000.576.17

Table 3

ANOVA results of quadratic polynomial model for tensile-shear failure load of PFSSW joints"

方差来源自由度均方FP
总和16---
模型90.569.590.003
RS10.040.770.41
PD11.7730.090.001
DT10.132.210.18
RS×PD10.528.770.021
RS×DT10.9516.160.005
PD×DT10.6711.450.012
RS210.010.230.65
PD210.538.950.02
DT210.213.520.103
残差70.06--
失拟项30.092.650.185
纯误差40.03--

Fig.5

Comparison of predicted and experimental values of tensile shear failure loads"

Fig.6

Effect of welding parameters on tensile-shear failure load"

Fig.7

Macroscopic fracture modes of PFSSW welds"

Fig.8

Average failure load for the three fracture modes"

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