玉米籽粒直收机板齿式脱粒装置设计与试验

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20220135

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to meet the requirements of corn direct harvest with high moisture content in Huang Huai Hai area and solve the problems of grain damage and high non threshing rate in the process of direct harvest of existing corn series， combined with the characteristics of corn harvest in Huang Huai Hai area， a plate tooth threshing drum with spiral distribution of threshing tooth plate and threshing concave plate and a plate tooth longitudinal axial flow threshing device combined with circular tube grid threshing concave plate were designed. The rotating speed and diameter of the drum are determined. The stress of the grain in the threshing process of the newly developed plate tooth threshing element is analyzed. It is concluded that the grain crushing rate of the plate tooth threshing is lower than that of the nail tooth threshing. The length and height of the plate tooth are designed， and the main factors affecting the threshing performance are determined. Through the single factor test of 4YZ-6 corn grain harvester， the variation range of drum speed， threshing clearance and plate tooth length is obtained when threshing performance is good. The orthogonal experiment was carried out with the drum speed， threshing clearance and plate tooth length as the experimental factors. The regression equation and significance of the drum speed， threshing clearance and plate tooth length on the grain crushing rate and non threshing rate were obtained， and the experimental factors were analyzed by response surface analysis. The optimal parameter combination is determined： drum speed 350 r/min， threshing clearance 53 mm and plate tooth length 100 mm. Under this condition， the grain crushing rate of corn ear was 2.73%， and the non de purification rate was 0.41%， which met the relevant national standards.

Key words: agricultural engineering, corn threshing, threshing element, board of plate tooth, direct grain

CLC Number:

S225.5

Duan-yang GENG,Yan-cheng SUN,Zong-yuan WANG,Qi-huan WANG,Jia-rui MING,Hao-lin YANG,Hai-gang XU. Design and experiment of plate tooth threshing device of corn grain direct harvester[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2023, 53(11): 3281-3292.

Figures/Tables 18

Fig.1

Fig. 2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Table 1

Table 2

Table 3

Variance analysis on consistency of stubble height"

变异来源	离均差平方和	自由度	均方	F值	P值
总和	5.32	16
模型	5.29	9	0.59	157.32	<0.0001***
X₁	0.054	1	0.054	14.57	0.0066**
X₂	0.13	1	0.13	33.72	<0.0007***
X₃	0.037	1	0.037	9.96	0.016*
X₁X₂	0.31	1	0.31	82.42	<0.0001
X₁X₃	0.013	1	0.013	3.54	0.102
X₂X₃	4.76×10^-3	1	4.76×10^-3	1.27	0.2962
X $12$	2.92	1	2.92	780.11	<0.0001
X $22$	0.61	1	0.61	163.71	<0.0001
X $32$	9.79×10^-3	1	9.79×10^-3	2.62	0.1495
残差	0.026	7	3.73×10^-3
失拟	0.02	3	6.61×10^-3	4.19	0.1002
纯误差	6.32×10^-3	4	1.58×10^-3

Table 3

Table 4

Variance analysis of the loss rate of Broussonetia papyrifera"

变异来源	离均差平方和	自由度	均方	F值	P值
总和	1.54	16
模型	1.50	9	0.17	30.84	<0.0001***
X₁	0.033	1	0.033	6.01	0.0440*
X₂	0.38	1	0.38	69.42	<0.0001***
X₃	0.056	1	0.056	10.31	0.0148*
X₁X₂	4.9×10^-3	1	4.9×10^-3	0.91	0.3728
X₁X₃	1.22×10^-3	1	1.225×10^-3	0.23	0.6486
X₂X₃	6.96×10^-3	1	6.969×10^-3	1.29	0.2936
X $12$	1	1	1	185.58	<0.0001
X $22$	4.437×10^-3	1	4.437×10^-3	0.82	0.3951
X $32$	4.485×10^-3	1	4.485×10^-3	0.83	0.3927
残差	0.038	7	5.407×10^-3
失拟	0.030	3	9.856×10^-3	4.76	0.0829
纯误差	8.280×10^-3	4	2.07×10^-3

Table 4

Fig.9

Fig.10

Fig.11

Fig.12

Fig.13

Fig.14

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试验序号	试验因素水平			考核指标
试验序号	X₁	X₂	X₃	籽粒破碎率Y₁/%	未脱净率Y₂/%
1	-1	-1	0	4.53	0.98
2	0	1	1	3.11	0.87
3	0	0	1	2.73	0.41
4	-1	1	0	3.70	1.21
5	-1	1	0	3.62	1.57
6	0	-1	-1	3.47	0.57
7	0	0	0	2.79	0.62
8	1	1	0	4.31	1.32
9	0	0	0	2.85	0.62
10	0	1	-1	3.32	0.97
11	1	-1	0	4.11	0.87
12	1	0	-1	4.01	1.17
13	1	0	1	3.76	1.04
14	0	0	0	2.88	0.65
15	0	0	0	2.87	0.73
16	0	0	0	2.89	0.67
17	-1	0	1	3.68	1.15

Design and experiment of plate tooth threshing device of corn grain direct harvester

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