Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition) ›› 2022, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (1): 242-252.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20210392

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Silage traceability system based on digital agricultural machinery equipment

Guo-wei WANG1(),Qing-hui ZHU1,2,Hai-ye YU1,2,Dong-yan HUANG1,2()   

  1. 1.College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering，Jilin University，Changchun 130022，China
    2.Key Laboratory of Bionics Engineering，Ministry of Education，Jilin University，Changchun 130022，China
  • Received:2021-04-30 Online:2022-01-01 Published:2022-01-14
  • Contact: Dong-yan HUANG E-mail:wangguowei@jlau.edu.cn;huangdy@jlu.edu.cn

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Abstract:

To realize the information traceability of the whole process of silage production， this paper developed a mobile Internet of Things information acquisition terminal based on digital agricultural machinery equipment and a ZigBee-based silage information monitoring terminal. The multi-sensors were used to collect the sowing amount， fertilizer amount， drug amount and plant growth amount in the planting process. Also the temperature and humidity， oxygen concentration， carbon dioxide concentration and pH value were collected in the storage process. The double terminals were planted at the bottom of the silage traceability platform. Combined with HACCP system， the whole process of information collection， monitoring and early warning of fermentation information of silage from planting site to the silage cellar was realized. The platform is developed based on B/S architecture， using Java language to develop on the.NET framework. The database was SQL Server 2016，and the Servers were Ali Cloud 2 core 4G and Tencent Cloud 2 core 4G. Using QR code as label information， the whole process information of silage production supply chain can be traced. At the same time，the system has a quality and safety warning mechanism to ensure the safety and reliability of silage.The traceability platform based on WeChat applet was developed under the unified database，which expanded the way of consumer traceability.The system was tested in a silage production enterprise in Jilin Province， and the results show that the system could effectively collect the information of silage corn planting process and silage system in the silo，the nutrient loss rate was reduced to 8%~10%.

Key words: agricultural engineering, traceability system, data acquisition, silage, sensor

CLC Number: 

  • S232.3

Table 1

Silage corn straw feed process diagram"

玉米品种追溯单元主要内容
强盛青贮30产地信息产地代码、种植者档案、产地环境监测（灌溉水、加工水、土壤和空气质量）等
整地信息整地时间、方式
种植育苗信息品种、种子处理方法、播种时间、地点、方式、肥料和农药使用
田间信息灌溉水、植物生长调节剂、肥料和农药的使用
农业投入信息病虫害种类及发生的时间、地点，农药的采购及使用，施用植物生长调节剂、肥料种类及地点，费用
采收信息产品名称、采收人员、时间、地点、数量、品质、现场处理及运输
青贮过程信息加工时间、数量，温湿度，二氧化碳浓度、氧气浓度、pH值
贮存信息密封时间、环境条件、责任人、位置
包装信息开启时间、数量、环境条件、规格
产品检验信息产品来源、检验日期、检验机构、产品标准、产品批次号和检验结果

Table 2

Silage corn straw feed analysis diagram"

关键控制点危害分析阈值监测预防措施信息上传
内容方法频率
产地环境

化学危害：工农业

污染、城市废弃物、土壤中重金属、农药残留

GB15618定点监测县级农业部门定点监测查找原因，针对解决，无效者更换种植地利用Web API获取
播种量

物理危害：产量不足

化学危害：成熟度不够

适度，不宜太过稠密定点监测PVDF传感器每次播种前PVDF传感器监测，漏重播报警4G模块
施肥量化学危害：施加过量肥料根据专家系统设定定点监测CY12?02PK型 转速传感器每次施肥消除超量，过量报警4G模块
施药量化学危害：喷洒过多农药根据专家系统设定定点监测FS300A型流量 传感器每次施药过量报警4G模块
植物生长量生物危害：养分含量不高生长到蜡熟期定点监测JHBM?H1型 称重传感器收获前期适时刈割4G模块
青贮玉米 秸秆pH值生物危害：抑制腐败细菌根据青贮质量标准实时监测BlueLine21型pH值传感器每3 min超过阈值范围报警利用4G模块 上传数据库
青贮玉米 温湿度化学危害：合适的乳酸菌生长环境根据青贮质量标准实时监测AM2305A型 温湿度传感器每3 min超过范围报警利用4G模块 上传数据库
青贮窖O2浓度化学危害：防止氧气过多，产生腐败细菌根据青贮质量标准实时监测KE-25型O2浓度传感器每3 min超过范围报警利用4G模块 上传数据库
青贮窖CO2浓度化学危害：过低易腐，保鲜根据青贮质量标准实时监测GMM221型CO2传感器每3 min超过范围报警利用4G模块 上传数据库

Fig.1

System chart"

Fig.2

Block diagram of planting land system"

Fig.3

Planting plot 10×10 grid map"

Fig.4

Field seeding test"

Fig.5

Field spraying test"

Fig.6

Remote monitoring interface"

Fig.7

Information traceability framework in the silo"

Fig.8

Fluctuation of CO2， O2 and pH with time"

Fig.9

Fluctuation of relative humidity and temperature with time"

Fig.10

Encoding representation of the example"

Fig.11

Mini-program traceability results"

Fig.12

Silage corn traceability system interface"

Table 3

Performance analysis of silage corn stalk feed traceability system"

系 统有无报警信息追溯信息管理质量管理
产地环境信息种植环节信息 关键信息青贮窖贮制 关键信息纠正措施物料损失实用性
传统方法无人工查询无人工检测无16%~20%复杂、困难、耗时
某追溯系统有手动录入无温湿度、pH值解决方案少且固定12%~14%简单、节省、时间
本文追溯系统有定时获取播种量、施肥量、喷药量、植物生长量O2、CO2、pH、温湿度内置专家解决方案且不断完善8%~10%简单、稳定、省时、省力、全面
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