Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition) ›› 2019, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (4): 1072-1080.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20180159

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Experiment on overcharge safety of NCM battery and battery pack

Ji⁃qing CHEN1,2(),Meng⁃meng LIU1,2,Feng⁃chong LAN1,2()   

  1. 1. School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
    2. Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Automotive Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
  • Received:2018-02-10 Online:2019-07-01 Published:2019-07-16
  • Contact: Feng?chong LAN E-mail:chjq@scut.edu.cn;fclan@scut.edu.cn

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Abstract:

In order to improve the overcharge safety of power battery as well as clarify the occurrence mechanism, the behavior characteristics and the propagation law of overcharge thermal runaway, the experiment on overcharge thermal runaway of NCM battery and battery pack are carried out. The results show that there is an obvious evolution process of overcharge thermal runaway. There is a time interval between the sharp shutdown of battery voltage and the exponential rise of battery temperature. The maximum temperature that each battery reached during thermal runaway process is elevated increasingly along with the thermal runaway propagation. Furthermore, the module structure to some extent can restrain the occurrence of overcharge thermal runaway. Finally, the suggestions for improving the overcharge safety of NCM battery and battery pack are proposed based on the above results.

Key words: vehicle engineering, NCM power battery, overcharge safety, thermal runaway propagation

CLC Number: 

  • U469.72

Fig.1

Schematic diagram of thermal runaway and thermal runaway propagation due to overcharge of power battery"

Fig.2

"

Fig.3

Temperature metrical points of single battery for overcharge caused thermal runaway experiment"

Fig.4

"

Fig.5

Change curve of voltage and temperature during overcharge thermal runaway process of single battery"

Table 1

Characteristics of overcharge thermal runaway behavior of single battery"

过充时间/s 电压变化 温度变化 具体现象 热失控情况
约1800 逐渐平稳上升 温度缓慢上升 明显鼓包 未热失控
约3540 电压突然升高至10.156 V 温度快速上升

①鼓包量达到最大；

②电解液发生喷溅

 濒临热失控
约3550 电压急剧下降至4.7 V 温度持续上升 开始大量冒烟 开始热失控
约3560 电压缓慢下降4.2 V 温度加速上升 有火星出现但未燃烧 逐渐热失控
约3600 电压瞬间下降为0 V 温度急剧上升 开始起火并剧烈燃烧 完全热失控
约3720 0 V 温度有所下降 明火持续燃烧 持续热失控
约4080 0 V 逐渐冷却至室温 火焰慢慢熄灭 热失控结束

Fig.6

Reaction phenomena during overcharge thermal runaway process of single battery at different times"

Fig.7

Change of voltage and temperature and reaction phenomena during overcharge thermal runaway propagation"

Fig.8

Change curve of voltage and temperature in first 1800 s of thermal runaway propagation process"

Fig.9

"

Fig.10

Temperature distribution of each battery in critical 600 s of thermal runaway propagation process"

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