吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2015, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (4): 1336-1346.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb201504045

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Dual watermarking for color images based on 4D quaternion frequency domain

WANG Ding-cheng1, 2, 3, TIAN Cui-cui1, CHEN Bei-jing1, 2, 3, TIAN Yu-hang1   

  1. 1.School of Computer and Software, Nanjing University of Information Science &
    Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;
    2.Jiangsu Engineering Center of Network Monitoring, Nanjing University of Information Science &
    Technology, Nanjing 210044, China;
    3.Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center on Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology,Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044,China
  • Received:2013-12-08 Online:2015-07-01 Published:2015-07-01

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Abstract: Existing color image watermarking algorithms based on Quaternion Discrete Fourier Transform (QDFT) do not fully utilize the four dimensional (4D) QDFT frequency domain, which only deal with achromatic watermarks and suffer from watermark energy loss. To overcome these drawbacks, a blind dual watermarking algorithm for color images is proposed to embed dual meaningful watermarks (one is color and the other is binary) into four components of each QDFT coefficient of a color host image. For unit pure quaternion k, first, the relationships existing between the components of QDFT coefficients and the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) of three RGB color channels are established; then, the symmetrical constraints were presented, which one must follow when modifying QDFT coefficients; finally, QDFT, Arnold transform and a multiple redundant embedding strategy are combined for watermarking. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method achieves a reasonable trade-off between the fidelity and robustness and outperforms the existing schemes.

Key words: information processing, digital watermarking, color image, quaternion, frequency domain

CLC Number: 

  • TN911.73
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