采用聚乳酸复合材料的汽车零件多材料优化设计

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20180797

Abstract

Abstract:

In this paper, basalt fiber was used to improve the tensile properties to satisfy the requirement in automotive design. Meanwhile, Multi material design was applied in this case to achieve lightweight. The relationship between the fiber weight and the tensile properties was studied. Operation condition was obtained from reliability test in the proving ground using as constraints in Multi material design. The optimal process with combination of Multi-island Genetic Algorithm (MIGA) and Genetic Algoritm—Response Surface Method (GA-RSM) was used to search the optimal solution. The results show that basalt fiber has positive effect on improving the tensile properties. With the Multi material design and optimal process, the mass of the product is reduced by near 9%. It can be concluded that PLA composites is suitable for replacing the petroleum based materials in automotive and lightweight can be achieved with the combination of multi material design and MIGA.

Key words: vehicle engineering, polylactic acid composites, multi material design, multi-island genetic algorithm(MIGA), genetic algorithm?response surface methodology(GA-RSM)

CLC Number:

Fang-wu MA,Lu HAN,Yang ZHOU,Shi-ying WANG,Yong-feng PU. Multi material optimal design of vehicle product using polylactic acid composites[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2019, 49(5): 1385-1391.

Figures/Tables 13

Fig.1

Table 1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Table 2

Predictive value of PLA/BF"

纤维含量/%	密度/(g·cm^-3)	弹性模量/MPa
0	1.2500	1384
1	1.2625	1486
2	1.2750	1586
3	1.2875	1680
4	1.3000	1769
5	1.3125	1852
6	1.3250	1932
$?$	$?$	$?$
58	1.9750	4546
59	1.9875	4430
60	2.0000	4294

Table 2

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Table 3

Table 4

Sample points and test points"

样本	No.	x₁	x₂	x₃	x₄	y₁	y₂	y₃	y₄	y₅
拟合	1	35	17	37	39	239	7.28	5.8	0.51	155
	2	28	10	55	54	231	8.17	6.47	0.59	142
	3	16	42	48	53	260	4.7	3.8	0.58	183
	$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$
测试	51	36	56	36	52	258	5.55	4.32	0.74	181
	$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$	$?$
	61	10	48	52	7	275	4.57	3.88	0.65	185

Table 4

Table 5

Table 6

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纤维含量/%	密度/(g·cm^-3)	拉伸强度/MPa	弹性模量/MPa	变异系数/%
0	1.250	72.0	1384.6	4.4
10	1.375	89.1	2209.6	5.9
20	1.500	109.6	2878.7	1.9
30	1.625	124.3	3742.9	4.2
40	1.750	138.2	4362.5	3.9
50	1.875	140.8	5005.9	2.8
60	2.000	136.1	4350.5	3.1

参数	数值
Sub?population size	10
Number of Islands	16
Number of Generations	16
Rate of crossover	1.0
Rate of migration	0.01
Interval of migrations	5
Penalty multiplier	1000
Penalty exponent	2
Maximum failed runs	5

响应	预测精度
响应	R²	RSME
y₁	0.976	5.6608
y₂	0.986	0.3335
y₃	0.983	0.267
y₄	0.989	0.0204
y₅	0.976	3.25

Multi material optimal design of vehicle product using polylactic acid composites

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