Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition) ›› 2024, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (11): 3103-3113.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20230427

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Energy management strategy of drive mode for dual-rotor in-wheel motor driven electric vehicle based on optimal system efficiency

Jun-min LI1,2(),Ren HE1()   

  1. 1.School of Automotive and Traffic Engineering，Jiangsu University，Zhenjiang 212003，China
    2.School of Mechanical Engineering，Anyang Institute of Technology，Anyang 455000，China
  • Received:2023-04-30 Online:2024-11-01 Published:2025-04-24
  • Contact: Ren HE E-mail:20160262@ayit.edu.cn;heren@ujs.edu.cn

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Abstract:

To overcome the shortcomings of traditional in-wheel motor applied in electric vehicles， an integrated dual-rotor in-wheel motor （DRIWM） was proposed， which can realize single inner motor drive， single outer motor drive and dual-motor coupling drive. How to choose the most suitable drive mode for current driving condition and dynamically distribute the power of inner and outer motors is the key to solve the vehicle energy consumption problem. On the basis of the driving characteristics analysis of the motor， the drive mode switching rules of the DRIWM driven electric vehicle were formulated based on the optimal system efficiency， and the specific working range of each drive mode was determined. In the coupling drive mode， a torque distribution strategy based on the minimal energy consumption of the system was proposed by the efficiency characteristics of inner and outer motors. The simulation results show that， when the vehicle is running on the gradients of 5%， 10% and 15% respectively， the system power consumption is reduced by 4.1%， 2.7% and 1.6% using the proposed torque distribution strategy compared with no optimization strategy. In the NEDC cycle， the three drive modes of the DRIWM can freely switch with the changes of vehicle speed and demand torque. Most of the working points of inner and outer motors are distributed in the higher efficiency range， which indicate that the two motors can work with the best efficiency while bearing the best demand torque to reduce the vehicle energy consumption. The experimental results of dynamic characteristics of the DRIWM show that the inner and outer motors have fast speed response and the ability of cruise control， which verifies the rationality of the motor structure scheme.

Key words: vehicle engineering, dual-rotor in-wheel motor, drive mode, torque distribution, optimal efficiency

CLC Number: 

  • U469.72

Fig.1

Integrated structure of the DRIWM"

Table 1

Drive modes of the DRIWM"

工作模式内电机外电机电磁离合器Ⅰ电磁离合器Ⅱ
内电机单独驱动●○○●
外电机单独驱动○●●○
双电机耦合驱动●●●●

Fig.2

Power flow in single inner motor drive mode"

Fig.3

Power flow in single outer motor drive mode"

Fig.4

Power flow in dual-motor coupling drive mode"

Fig.5

Optimal system efficiency in dual-motor coupling drive mode"

Fig.6

MAP diagram of drive efficiency of the DRIWM"

Fig.7

Optimal system efficiency under three drive modes"

Fig.8

Working range of three drive modes"

Table 2

Specific working range division of three drive modes"

车速范围

/（km·h-1）

分配至每个车轮的

需求转矩/（N·m）

内电机工作外电机工作
0<v≤80<Treq≤67●
Treq>67●●
8<v≤150<Treq≤5.57v+110●
Treq>5.57v+110●●
15<v≤260<Treq≤28●
Treq>28●●
26<v≤380<Treq≤1.5v-11●
Treq>1.5v-11●●
38<v≤520<Treq≤46●
Treq>46●●
52<v≤600<Treq≤-1.63v+130.5●
Treq>-1.63v+130.5●●
60<v≤120●

Fig.9

Optimal torque distribution ratio of inner motor at different driving conditions"

Table 3

Basic parameters and performance indicators of electric vehicles"

项目参数数值
基本参数整车整备质量/kg1 040
迎风面积/m21.913
空气阻力系数0.33
车轮半径/m0.277
滚动阻力系数0.015
性能指标最高车速/（km·h-1）120
行星齿轮机构的传动比6
0~50 km/h 加速时间/s8
50~80 km/h 加速时间/s10
爬坡度/%15

Table 4

Power consumption comparison of the drive system under two strategies"

爬坡度

/%

总需求转矩

/（N·m）

未优化策略所提转矩分配策略

能耗

降低/%

内/外电机转矩/（N·m）功率消耗/kW内/外电机转矩/（N·m）功率消耗/kW
5564.67/280.742.99/38.080.714.1
10988.17/491.496.7/57.821.452.7
1513811/722.4710.8/73.142.431.6

Fig.10

Tracking change in the target vehicle speed"

Fig.11

Demand torque of the vehicle"

Fig.12

Drive mode switching changes of the DRIWM"

Fig.13

Speed changes of inner and outer motors"

Fig.14

Torque changes of inner and outer motors"

Fig.15

Working point distributions of the DRIWM"

Table 5

Specification parameters of the DRIWM"

参数数值
内电机外电机
额定功率/kW13.7
额定转矩/（N·m）3.240
额定转速/（r·min-1）3 000960
永磁体极对数24
转矩常数/（Nm·A-1）1.7295.001
反电动势常数/（V·krpm-1）0.6270.581

Fig.16

Performance test platform of the DRIWM"

Fig.17

Dynamic characteristic test of outer motor"

Fig.18

Dynamic characteristic test of inner motor"

Fig.19

Constant speed and variable load characteristic in dual-motor coupling drive mode"

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