吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2019, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (4): 1174-1185.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20171041

• • 上一篇    

基于EKF及调制傅式级数的缸压辨识

王德军1,2(),吕志超1,2,王启明3,张建瑞4,丁建楠2   

  1. 1. 吉林大学 汽车仿真与控制国家重点实验室，长春130022
    2. 吉林大学 通信工程学院, 长春130022
    3. 吉林大学 交通学院, 长春130022
    4. 中国第一汽车集团有限公司 技术中心，长春 130021
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-01 出版日期:2019-07-01 发布日期:2019-07-16
  • 作者简介:王德军(1970?)，男，副教授，博士.研究方向：复杂系统故障诊断及容错控制. E?mail:djwang@jlu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(61374046)

Cylinder pressure identification based on EKF and frequency⁃amplitude modulation Fourier series

De⁃jun WANG1,2(),Zhi⁃chao LYU1,2,Qi⁃ming WANG3,Jian⁃rui ZHANG4,Jian⁃nan DING2   

  1. 1. State Key Laboratory of Automotive Simulation and Control, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
    2. College of Communication Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
    3. College of Transportation, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China
    4. R&D Center, China FAW Co. , Ltd. ，Changchun 130022, China
  • Received:2017-11-01 Online:2019-07-01 Published:2019-07-16

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摘要：

针对侵入式发动机压力传感器造价高以及运行环境恶劣导致寿命短、可靠性低的问题，利用发动机做功能量转化和牛顿运动定律对发动机做功进行建模，建立转速一步迭代模型，利用扩展卡尔曼滤波器(EKF)对转速迭代模型进行线性化处理并进行最优估计。利用奥拓循环搭建做功循环的标准模型，利用工程热力学知识对缸内压力峰值进行求取，利用压力峰值和转速最优估计分别进行24阶傅里叶级数的频率、幅值的调制，最终完成发动机汽缸压力辨识。采用大众牌EA211发动机进行试验验证，结果表明：当设定发动机空燃比系数为0.85时，转速跟踪误差在10%以内，压力功谱误差低于2%；当设定空燃比系数为0.95时，转速跟踪误差在1.5%以内，压力功谱误差低于1.5%。试验结果证明了本文模型和算法的有效性、可靠性和精确性。

关键词: 动力机械工程, 发动机汽缸压力, 扩展卡尔曼滤波器, 频率调制, 幅度调制, 转速迭代模型

Abstract:

To achieve a low?cost, real?time, non?invasive, high?accuracy soft cylinder pressure sensor, we propose a novel pressure identification method involving frequency?amplitude modulated Fourier series and an extended?Kalman?filter?optimized engine model, which is based on theories regarding explosion and burning together with Newton′s laws. The extended?Kalman?filter is used to estimate the optimal output of this iteration model. The optimal output of the speed iteration model is utilized to separately compute the frequency and amplitude of the cylinder pressure cycle?by?cycle. A standard engine working cycle, identified by the 24th order Fourier series, is determined. Using the frequency and the amplitude to modulate the Fourier series yields a complete pressure model. A commercial engine (EA211) provided by the China FAW Group corporate R&D center is used to verify the method. Test results show that this novel method possesses high accuracy and real?time capability, with an error percentage for speed below 10% and the percentage corresponding to power of pressure below 2% when Air?Fuel Ratio coefficient is setup at 0.85. Error percentage for speed below 1.5% and the percentage corresponding to power of pressure below 1.5% when Air?Fuel Ratio coefficient is setup at 0.95.Thus, the accuracy and feasibility of the proposed method are verified.

Key words: power machinery and engineering, engine cylinder pressure, extended Kalman filter(EKF), frequency modulation, amplitude modulation, speed iteration model

中图分类号: 

  • TK41

图1

本文方法流程图"

图2

节气门有效开度示意图"

图3

能量转换图"

图4

分步建模中转速的关系"

图5

做功示意图"

图6

大众牌EA211发动机"

图7

发动机初始参数和设置（λ=0.85）"

图8

转速跟踪（λ=0.85）"

图9

转速跟踪误差百分比（λ=0.85）"

表1

24阶傅里叶级数参数表（a）"

a0-a4 a5-a9 a10-a14 a15-a19 a20-a24
12.06 -1.215 -1.854 0.7365 -0.00471
-11.92 3.652 0.2843 -0.9149 0.3783
-3.768 -2.639 1.142 0.1323 -0.3231
9.395 0.1302 -1.264 0.5965 -0.00949
-4.813 1.882 0.324 -0.5427 0.257

表2

24阶傅里叶级数参数表（b）"

b1-b5 b6-b10 b11-b15 b16-b20 b21-b24
13.11 1.267 -1.775 0.291 0.2242
-11.71 1.927 0.9967 -0.8235 0.202
1.303 -2.787 0.3929 0.4077 -0.3184
5.68 1.365 -1.146 0.2995 0.1462
-5.136 0.8418 0.7361 -0.5088 -

图10

压力辨识（λ=0.85）"

图11

压力的功（λ=0.85）"

图12

压力功的误差百分比（λ=0.85）"

图13

发动机初始参数和设置（λ=0.95）"

图14

转速跟踪（λ=0.95）"

图15

转速跟踪（λ=0.95）"

图16

压力辨识（λ=0.95）"

图17

压力的功（λ=0.95）"

图18

压力功的误差百分比（λ=0.95）"

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