浸水状态下黄土地区长短桩基础承载特性试验

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20240469

吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (12): 3942-3954.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20240469

• 交通运输工程·土木工程 • 上一篇

浸水状态下黄土地区长短桩基础承载特性试验

马天忠^1,^2,³(),杨嘉俊^1,^2,³,王正振^1,^2,³(),陈璋佳^1,^2,³,郭保文^1,^2,³

^1.兰州理工大学土木工程学院，兰州 730050
^2.兰州理工大学甘肃省土木工程防震减灾重点实验室，兰州 730050
^3.兰州理工大学西部土木工程防灾减灾教育部工程研究中心，兰州 730050

收稿日期:2024-04-30 出版日期:2025-12-01 发布日期:2026-02-03
通讯作者: 王正振 E-mail:matz0914@163.com;wangzz@lut.edu.cn
作者简介:马天忠（1979-），男，副教授，博士.研究方向：基坑、边坡支挡结构及地基处理.E-mail：matz0914@163.com
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(52068048)

Experimental on bearing characteristics of short and long pile foundation in loess area under submerged condition

Tian-zhong MA^1,^2,³(),Jia-jun Yang^1,^2,³,Zheng-zhen WANG^1,^2,³(),Zhang-jia CHEN^1,^2,³,Bao-wen GUO^1,^2,³

^1.School of Civil Engineering，Lanzhou University of Technology，Lanzhou 730050，China
^2.Key Laboratory of Disaster Mitigation in Civil Engineering of Gansu Province，Lanzhou University of Technology，Lanzhou 730050，China
^3.Engineering Research Center for Disaster Prevention and Mitigation of Western Civil Engineering，Ministry of Education，Lanzhou University of Technology，Lanzhou 730050，China

Received:2024-04-30 Online:2025-12-01 Published:2026-02-03
Contact: Zheng-zhen WANG E-mail:matz0914@163.com;wangzz@lut.edu.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为深化研究地基与浸水作用机制，通过模型试验探讨了浸水对黄土地区长短桩基础承载特性的影响。试验使用16根组合桩（8长8短），在竖向荷载和浸水条件下，全面分析湿陷变形、桩身承载力和变形特性。结果表明，长短桩基础在竖向荷载和浸水作用下的Q-s曲线呈典型的缓变型曲线，随着浸水和荷载的增加，桩端沉降逐渐增大。水浸入使桩周湿陷土层变形加剧，湿陷变形先缓后急再减缓，湿陷深度增大导致桩侧摩阻力发展，中性点下移。浸水10 d后，长桩负摩阻力最大值为61.27 kPa，短桩为53.85 kPa。浸水时，从负摩阻力减小速度和中性点深度变化范围来看，都是边桩最显著，中心桩和角桩接近；最大负摩阻力出现在角桩，中心桩次之、边桩最后。土体全部饱和后，长桩（边桩）中性点深度比为0.55，角桩、中心桩中性点深度比为0.64，短桩为0.62~0.64，试验结果与桩基规范推荐值较接近。最后，有限元模拟实验通过水力等效原理模拟浸水试验，结果与室内试验一致，表明试验可靠。

关键词: 土木工程, 长短组合桩, 桩侧摩阻力, 中性点, 有限元模拟

Abstract:

To deepen the research on the mechanisms of foundation and inundation， the effect of inundation on the bearing characteristics of long and short pile foundations in loess areas was explored through modeling tests. Sixteen combined piles （8 long and 8 short） were adopted in the test， and the wet subsidence deformation was comprehensively analyzed， pile bearing capacity and deformation characteristics under the conditions of vertical load and water immersion. The results show that the Q-s curve of the long and short pile foundation under vertical load and water immersion shows a typical slow-varying curve， and the settlement of the pile end gradually increases with the increase of water immersion and load. Water immersion intensifies the deformation of the wetted soil layer around the pile， and the wetted deformation is slowed down then sharply and then slowed down again， and the increase of the wetted depth leads to the development of pile lateral friction and the downward shift of the neutral point. After 10 days of water immersion， the maximum value of negative friction resistance of long pile is 61.27 kPa， and that of short pile is 53.85 kPa. When immersed in water， in terms of the speed of negative friction resistance reduction and the range of change of the depth of the neutral point， both are the most significant side piles， and the center piles and corner piles are close to each other； the maximum negative friction resistance occurs in the corner piles， and the center piles are second， and the side piles are the last. The maximum negative friction resistance occurs in the corner pile， followed by the center pile and the last one in the side pile. After the soil body is saturated， the neutral depth ratio of the long pile （side pile） is 0.55， the neutral depth ratio of the corner pile and the center pile is 0.64， and that of the short pile is in the range of 0.62-0.64， which is close to the recommended value of the pile foundation specification. Finally， the finite element simulation experiment simulated the water immersion test through the hydraulic equivalence principle， and the results were consistent with indoor tests， indicating the reliability of the experiment.

Key words: civil engineering, long-short composite pile, skin friction of pile, neutral point, finite element simulation

中图分类号:

TU473

马天忠,杨嘉俊,王正振,陈璋佳,郭保文. 浸水状态下黄土地区长短桩基础承载特性试验[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2025, 55(12): 3942-3954.

Tian-zhong MA,Jia-jun Yang,Zheng-zhen WANG,Zhang-jia CHEN,Bao-wen GUO. Experimental on bearing characteristics of short and long pile foundation in loess area under submerged condition[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2025, 55(12): 3942-3954.

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类型	弹性模量/MPa	泊松比	摩擦角/（°）	黏聚力/kPa	含水量/%
承台	3×10⁴	0.30	—	—	—
桩	3×10⁴	0.34	—	—	—
土体	7.8	0.44	25.5	15.6	13.0

浸水状态下黄土地区长短桩基础承载特性试验

Experimental on bearing characteristics of short and long pile foundation in loess area under submerged condition

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