基于多软件联合的车用电机变工况多物理场仿真方法

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20230968

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

提出了一种基于多软件联合的车用电机变工况多物理场仿真方法，结合有限元及集总参数法可以实现有限元及变工况仿真的同时进行，从而使仿真过程更加接近实际工作过程。在分析电机温度场和电磁场的基础上，分解多物理场耦合的数学模型，利用Maxwell-Simplorer-Simulink建立了多软件联合仿真模型，并利用等效电流抽取方法对有限元模型进行降阶，大大提高了模型的运算速度。本文的联合仿真模型为完全耦合模型，可以实现不同软件模型之间的数据交互传递，从而实现电机在不同工况下的瞬态仿真。采用本文联合仿真方法，可以同时获得多个物理场的同步仿真，实现联合仿真模型的实时数据交互，避免非完全耦合模型模拟过程因不同步而产生的误差。最后，通过试验对电机输出转矩进行验证，模型与试验两者之间的转矩误差小于3%，证明了该多场耦合多软件联合仿真方法的有效性和准确性。

关键词: 车辆工程, 多物理场耦合, 等效电流抽取方法, 联合仿真模型

Abstract:

A multi software based multi physics simulation method for automotive motors under variable operating conditions was proposed. By combining finite element and lumped parameter methods， both finite element and variable operating condition simulations can be carried out simultaneously， making the simulation process closer to the actual working process. On the basis of analyzing the temperature field and electromagnetic field of the motor， a mathematical model coupling multiple physical fields was decomposed. A multi software joint simulation model was established using Maxwell Simplorer Simulink， and the finite element model was reduced using the equivalent current extraction method， greatly improving the computational speed of the model. The joint simulation model is a fully coupled model that can achieve data exchange and transmission between different software models， thereby realizing transient simulation of the motor under different operating conditions. By using the joint simulation method， synchronous simulations of multiple physical fields can be obtained simultaneously， enabling real-time data exchange of the joint simulation model and avoiding errors caused by asynchronous simulation of non fully coupled models. Finally， the output torque of the motor was verified through experiments， and the torque error between the model and the experiment was less than 3%， proving the effectiveness and accuracy of the multi field coupled multi software joint simulation method.

Key words: vehicle engineering, multi-physics coupling, equivalent current extraction method, joint simulation method

中图分类号:

TM341

贾美霞,胡建军,肖凤. 基于多软件联合的车用电机变工况多物理场仿真方法[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2025, 55(6): 1862-1872.

Mei-xia JIA,Jian-jun HU,Feng XIAO. Multi⁃physics simulation method of vehicle motor under varying working conditions based on multi⁃software combination[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2025, 55(6): 1862-1872.

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参数	值	参数	值
极对数	4	母线电压/V	380
相数	3	永磁体材料	N35UH_100
槽数	42	铁芯材料	B35AV1900
额定转速/（r·min^-1）	3 000	绕组材料	铜
峰值功率/kW	70	峰值扭矩/（N·m）	201
额定功率/kW	25	额定扭矩/（N·m）	90

参数	60 ℃	95 ℃	130 ℃
磁密/T	2.631 0	2.625 1	2.618 6
磁矢位/（Wb·m^-1）	0.031 6	0.031 5	0.031 2
铁耗率/10⁷ （Wb·m^-1）	1.56	1.57	1.58