强侧风作用下桥隧连接段行车仿真与安全性分析

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20220183

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为掌握强侧风对桥隧连接段小型车辆行驶安全性影响，应用CARSIM进行车辆动力学仿真，对风-车-路耦合仿真模型参数进行标定；通过对车型、车速、风速、风向角的不同组合共120种仿真工况的分析，得出了各种工况下车辆侧偏距离与反应时间的关系；利用正交实验和方差分析找出了汽车横向稳定性的显著影响因素。研究表明：影响汽车行驶稳定性因素由大到小依次为风向角、车速、车型、风级；车身截面迎风面积越大、车宽越宽，侧风作用越明显，在120 km/h车速、9级风、90°风向角开环情况下，轿车安全反应时间仅为2.7 s，SUV安全反应时间仅为2.3 s。研究结果可为侧风区高速行驶自动驾驶车辆的安全性评估和控制策略设计提供参考。

关键词: 汽车动力学, 空气动力学, CARSIM仿真, 行车安全评估模型, 山区强侧风, 桥隧连接段

Abstract:

In order to grasp the impact of strong crosswind on the driving safety of vehicles in the bridge-tunnel connection section， CARSIM is applied to simulate the vehicle dynamics and calibrate the parameters of wind-vehicle-road coupling simulation model. Through the analysis of different combinations of model， vehicle speed， wind speed and wind angle for a total of 120 simulation conditions， the relationship between vehicle lateral deviation distance and reaction time under various conditions is derived. Orthogonal experiments and ANOVA are used to find out The significant factors influencing the lateral stability of the vehicle were identified using orthogonal experiments and ANOVA. The test results show that the factors affecting the driving stability of the car are wind angle， vehicle speed， vehicle type and wind level in descending order； the larger the windward area of the body section and the wider the width of the car， the more obvious the effect of the side wind， and the safety reaction time is only 2.7 s for cars and 2.3 s for SUV under 120 km/h speed， 9-level wind and 90° wind angle open loop. The results of the study provide a reference for the safety evaluation and control strategy design of self-driving vehicles in the side wind area.

Key words: vehicle dynamics, aerodynamics, CARSIM simulation, traffic safety assessment model, strong crosswind in mountainous area, bridge/tunnel connection section

中图分类号:

U495

惠冰,刘伟,周宇坤,李淑琪. 强侧风作用下桥隧连接段行车仿真与安全性分析[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2023, 53(8): 2312-2320.

Bing HUI,Wei LIU,Yu-kun ZHOU,Shu-qi LI. Simulation on driving safety of bridge /tunnel connecting section of expressway under strong crosswind[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2023, 53(8): 2312-2320.

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参数	轿车	SUV
车长/mm	4501	4653
车宽/mm	1704	1886
车高/mm	1469	1730
轴距/mm	2604	2688
前轮距/mm	1540	1585
质心高度/mm	520	670
簧上质量/kg	1140	1541
迎风面积/m²	5	6.6

水平	车型	车速 /（km·h^-1）	风级	风速 /（m·s^-1）	风向角 /（°）
1	轿车	80	6	13.6	30
2	SUV	100	7	16.9	60
3	—	120	8	20.5	90
4	—	—	9	23.3	120
5	—	—	—	—	150

来源	Ⅲ类平方和	自由度	均方	F统计量	显著性
总计	6411.474	360	—	—	—
修正模型	558.074	12	46.506	404.689	0.000
车型	21.695	1	21.695	188.785	0.000
车速	114.640	2	57.320	498.791	0.000
风级	61.877	3	20.626	179.481	0.000
风向角	359.770	4	89.942	782.665	0.000
误差	39.877	347	0.115	—	—

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