吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (5): 1604-1616.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20230873

• 交通运输工程·土木工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

长沙压实黏土剪切特性及应力-应变关系表征

张安顺1,2(),付伟3,张军辉1,2(),高峰1,2   

  1. 1.长沙理工大学 公路工程教育部重点实验室，长沙 410114
    2.湘江实验室，长沙 410205
    3.中交第二公路勘察设计研究院有限公司，武汉 430056
  • 收稿日期:2023-08-18 出版日期:2025-05-01 发布日期:2025-07-18
  • 通讯作者: 张军辉 E-mail:cr11zhanganshun@163.com;zjhseu@csust.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:张安顺（1994-），男，高级工程师，博士. 研究方向：耐久性路基设计理论与方法.E-mail： cr11zhanganshun@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(52025085);国家自然科学基金项目(52338009);湘江实验室重大项目(22XJ01009);中交第二公路勘察设计院科研项目(KJFZ-2019-041);湖南省研究生科研创新项目(CX20210748)

Shear properties and stress-strain relationships characterization of Changsha compacted clay

An-shun ZHANG1,2(),Wei FU3,Jun-hui ZHANG1,2(),Feng GAO1,2   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory for Highway Engineering of Ministry of Education，Changsha University of Science & Technology，Changsha 410114，China
    2.Xiangjiang Laboratory，Changsha 410205，China
    3.CCCC Second Highway Consultants Co. ，Ltd. ，Wuhan 430056，China
  • Received:2023-08-18 Online:2025-05-01 Published:2025-07-18
  • Contact: Jun-hui ZHANG E-mail:cr11zhanganshun@163.com;zjhseu@csust.edu.cn

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摘要：

为研究路基压实黏土的剪切特性与应力-应变关系，以长沙黏土为例开展了不同压实度、含水率、加载速率、围压下的不固结不排水三轴试验。结果表明：弹性模量与极限强度均随压实度降低、含水率升高及围压减小呈衰减趋势，但与加载速率之间表现为无显著规律的小幅波动。建立了复杂条件下路基黏土的莫尔-库仑强度准则，以描述路基黏土强度随各个因素的变化规律。总黏聚力和总内摩擦角因压实度提高及含水率降低而大幅提高，且总黏聚力随加载速率的增加先减小后增大，总内摩擦角随加载速率的增加先增大后减小，但两者因加载速率改变导致的变化幅度较小。提出了长沙黏土应力-应变曲线的统一表征方法，可合理描述应变软化、稳定及硬化3种变形曲线。

关键词: 道路工程, 路基压实黏土, 应力-应变关系, 弹性模量, 极限强度, 抗剪强度指标

Abstract:

To investigate the shear properties and stress-strain relationships of subgrade compacted clay， a series of unconsolidated and undrained triaxial tests were carried out on Changsha clay under different degrees of compaction， moisture contents， loading rates and confining pressures. The results show that the elastic modulus and ultimate strength decay with the decrease of degree of compaction， the increase of moisture content and the decrease of confining pressure， but there is a slight fluctuation with the loading rate. The Mohr-Coulomb strength criterion of subgrade clay under complex conditions is established to describe the variation law of the strength of subgrade clay with various factors. The total cohesion and total internal friction angle increase significantly with the increase of degree of compaction and the decrease of moisture content. With the increase of loading rate， the total cohesion decreases first and then increases， and the total internal friction angle increases first and then decrease. However， the fluctuation amplitude of these two indexes is weak due to the change of loading rate. The unified characterization method on stress-strain curves of Changsha clay is proposed， which can reasonably describe the three types deformation curves with strain softening， stability and hardening.

Key words: road engineering, subgrade compacted clay, stress-strain relationship, elastic modulus, ultimate strength, shear strength parameter

中图分类号: 

  • TU411

表1

试验黏土基本工程参数"

液限

/%

塑限

/%

塑性

指数

最佳含

水率/%

最大干

密度/（g·cm-3）

0.075 mm

通过率/%

比重
52.425.526.914.41.7367.72.66

表2

三轴试验方案"

组

号

压实度

/%

含水率/OMC

加载速率/

（%×min-1）

围压

/kPa

1961.0（14.4%）0.7030、60、90、120
2931.0（14.4%）0.7030、60、90、120
3901.0（14.4%）0.7030、60、90、120
4871.0（14.4%）0.7030、60、90、120
5961.2（17.3%）0.7030、60、90、120
6961.4（20.2%）0.7030、60、90、120
7961.6（23.0%）0.7030、60、90、120
8961.2（17.3%）0.5030、60、90、120
9961.2（17.3%）0.8530、60、90、120
10961.2（17.3%）1.0030、60、90、120

图1

三轴试验流程"

图2

不同压实度下的应力-应变曲线"

图3

不同压实度下的破坏形态"

图4

不同含水率下的应力-应变曲线"

图5

不同含水率下的破坏形态"

图6

不同加载速率下的应力-应变曲线"

图7

不同加载速率下的破坏形态"

图8

不同影响因素下的弹性模量"

图9

不同影响因素下的极限强度"

表3

提出的极限强度预估模型验证结果"

数据来源abcdefgR2
本研究（黏土）4.97456.75-391.51-1.322.810.097.410.97
文献［8］（黏土）4.880.190.85-91.99185.090.2224.390.93
文献［9］（黏土）1.921.610.03-20.0446.720.094.940.99
文献［10］（黏土）2.362.14-0.14-5.4913.020.326.710.98
文献［24］（黏土）0.013.52-1.44-767.091386.480.2958.940.96
文献［25］（砂土）8.661.47-0.29-72.61102.140.0526.060.85

图10

不同压实度下的莫尔半圆及抗剪强度包络线"

图11

不同含水率下的莫尔半圆及抗剪强度包络线"

图13

不同影响因素下的抗剪强度指标"

图14

修正双曲线模型参数的预测效果"

图15

长沙黏土应力-应变统一表征模型的验证结果"

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