Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition) ›› 2023, Vol. 53 ›› Issue (7): 2043-2052.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20211007

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Traffic flow characteristics of six⁃lane freeways with a dedicated lane for automatic cars

Liu YANG1,2(),Chuang-ye WANG1,2,Meng-yan WANG1,2,Yang CHENG3   

  1. 1.National Engineering Laboratory of Highway Maintenance Technology,Changsha University of Science & Technology,Changsha 410114,China
    2.School of Traffic and Transportation Engineering,Changsha University of Science & Technology,Changsha 410114,China
    3.Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,University of Wisconsin?Madison,Madison 53706,United States
  • Received:2021-10-05 Online:2023-07-01 Published:2023-07-20

Abstract:

In order to solve the safety and efficiency problems caused by the mixed operation of automatic cars (AC), human-driving cars and human-driving trucks on freeways in the future, the method of setting an AC dedicated lane on six-lane freeways and its impact on traffic flow are studied. The separation mode and the entrances and exits layout method for inside AC dedicated lane are proposed. The models of vehicles, driving behaviors and freeway sections with entrance and exit ramps are established based on VISSIM. Through simulation experiments in which the freeway design speed is 120 km/h and the truck ratio is 0.2, the effects of AC penetration rate and AC safe headway on traffic flow characteristics after setting an AC dedicated lane are studied, and the effects of the AC dedicated lane on the operation of each vehicle type and each lane are discussed. The results show that the influence of AC penetration rate on traffic flow characteristics is significant and nonlinear; There is an optimal AC penetration rate, which can maximize the capacity, critical density and average speed of the freeway with an AC dedicated lane; The influence of AC safe headway on traffic flow characteristics is nonlinear; The smaller the AC safe headway, the more significant the improvement effect on freeway capacity; The AC penetration rate has significant impacts on the flow rate and average speed of each vehicle type and each lane, especially on the flow rate of AC and inside lane.

Key words: road engineering, freeway, automatic car, dedicated lane, traffic flow, penetration rate, safe headway

CLC Number: 

  • U412

Fig.1

Layout of inside AC dedicated lane on freeway"

Fig.2

Schematic diagram of freeway without AC dedicated lane"

Fig.3

Schematic diagram of freeway with AC dedicated lane"

Table 1

Vehicle parameter"

车辆类型

车辆尺寸(长×宽)/

(m×m)

最大速度/

(km·h-1

加速度/(m·s-2减速度/(m·s-2
最大期望最大期望
AC6×1.81203.01.04.52.5
HC6×1.81203.01.04.52.5
HT18.1×2.55800.60.33.01.0

Table 2

Car-following model parameter for ACdedicated lane"

参数数值参数数值
s0(α)/m2.0α(α)/(m?s-2)4.00
s1(α)/m0.0v0?/(m?s-1)33.33
T/s1.5b(α)/(m?s-2)2.00

Table 3

Description and calibration of car-following model parameter for HV lane"

参数名称合理区间标定值
CC0/m

停车时的平均期望

车辆间距

0.5~2.52
CC1/s期望保持的车头时距0.7~21.5
CC2/m跟车变量2~84
CC3进入跟驰状态的阈值-10~-2-4
CC4跟车状态的阈值10.05~20.35
CC5跟车状态的阈值20.05~22
CC6车速震动0~2011.44
CC7/(m·s-2震动加速度0~20.25
CC8/(m·s-2停车加速度2~3.53.5
CC9/(m·s-280 km/h时的加速度0.5~21.5

Table 4

Calibration of lane-changing model parameter"

车道变换参数前车后车
最大减速度/(m·s-2-4-3
增加-1 m/s2加速度需要的距离/m300200
可接受的减速度/(m·s-2-1-0.5
消散前的等待时间/s9999
最小车头距离(前/后)/m0.5
在慢速车道上超车所需的最小时间间隔/s0
安全距离折减系数0.6
协调刹车的最大减速度/(m·s-2-3

Table 5

Distribution of entry flow"

道路类型

入口匝道

输入流量

HV车道

输入流量

AC专用车道输入流量
无AC专用 车道1/4AC+1/4HC+1/4HT3/4AC+3/4HC+3/4HT-
有AC专用 车道1/2AC+1/3HC+1/3HT2/3HC+2/3HT1/2AC

Fig.4

Influence of AC penetration rate P on trafficflow characteristics"

Fig.5

Influence of AC safe headway T on traffic flow characteristics"

Fig.6

Influence of setting up AC dedicated lane on each vehicle type"

Fig.7

Influence of setting up AC dedicated lane on each lane"

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