设置自动驾驶小客车专用车道的六车道高速公路交通流特性

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20211007

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to solve the safety and efficiency problems caused by the mixed operation of automatic cars （AC）， human-driving cars and human-driving trucks on freeways in the future， the method of setting an AC dedicated lane on six-lane freeways and its impact on traffic flow are studied. The separation mode and the entrances and exits layout method for inside AC dedicated lane are proposed. The models of vehicles， driving behaviors and freeway sections with entrance and exit ramps are established based on VISSIM. Through simulation experiments in which the freeway design speed is 120 km/h and the truck ratio is 0.2， the effects of AC penetration rate and AC safe headway on traffic flow characteristics after setting an AC dedicated lane are studied， and the effects of the AC dedicated lane on the operation of each vehicle type and each lane are discussed. The results show that the influence of AC penetration rate on traffic flow characteristics is significant and nonlinear； There is an optimal AC penetration rate， which can maximize the capacity， critical density and average speed of the freeway with an AC dedicated lane； The influence of AC safe headway on traffic flow characteristics is nonlinear； The smaller the AC safe headway， the more significant the improvement effect on freeway capacity； The AC penetration rate has significant impacts on the flow rate and average speed of each vehicle type and each lane， especially on the flow rate of AC and inside lane.

Key words: road engineering, freeway, automatic car, dedicated lane, traffic flow, penetration rate, safe headway

CLC Number:

U412

Liu YANG,Chuang-ye WANG,Meng-yan WANG,Yang CHENG. Traffic flow characteristics of six⁃lane freeways with a dedicated lane for automatic cars[J].Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2023, 53(7): 2043-2052.

Figures/Tables 12

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Table 1

Table 2

Car-following model parameter for ACdedicated lane"

参数	数值	参数	数值
$s 0 (α) / m$	2.0	$α (α) / (m ? s - 2)$	4.00
$s 1 (α) / m$	0.0	$v 0 ? / (m ? s - 1)$	33.33
$T / s$	1.5	$b (α) / (m ? s - 2)$	2.00

Table 2

Table 3

Description and calibration of car-following model parameter for HV lane"

参数	名称	合理区间	标定值
$C C 0$ /m	停车时的平均期望车辆间距	0.5~2.5	2
$C C 1$ /s	期望保持的车头时距	0.7~2	1.5
$C C 2$ /m	跟车变量	2~8	4
$C C 3$	进入跟驰状态的阈值	-10~-2	-4
$C C 4$	跟车状态的阈值1	0.05~2	0.35
$C C 5$	跟车状态的阈值2	0.05~2	2
$C C 6$	车速震动	0~20	11.44
$C C 7$ /（m·s^-2）	震动加速度	0~2	0.25
$C C 8$ /（m·s^-2）	停车加速度	2~3.5	3.5
$C C 9$ /（m·s^-2）	80 km/h时的加速度	0.5~2	1.5

Table 3

Table 4

Table 5

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

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车辆类型	车辆尺寸（长×宽）/ （m×m）	最大速度/ （km·h^-1）	加速度/（m·s^-2）		减速度/（m·s^-2）
车辆类型	车辆尺寸（长×宽）/ （m×m）	最大速度/ （km·h^-1）	最大	期望	最大	期望
AC	6×1.8	120	3.0	1.0	4.5	2.5
HC	6×1.8	120	3.0	1.0	4.5	2.5
HT	18.1×2.55	80	0.6	0.3	3.0	1.0

车道变换参数	前车	后车
最大减速度/（m·s^-2）	-4	-3
增加-1 m/s²加速度需要的距离/m	300	200
可接受的减速度/（m·s^-2）	-1	-0.5
消散前的等待时间/s	9999
最小车头距离（前/后）/m	0.5
在慢速车道上超车所需的最小时间间隔/s	0
安全距离折减系数	0.6
协调刹车的最大减速度/（m·s^-2）	-3

Traffic flow characteristics of six⁃lane freeways with a dedicated lane for automatic cars

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