The present paper is proposed a method to estimate the density function of the noise in the vector ARCH(q) model by means of kernel estimation. The consistency of the estimator and the simulation results are presented. Furthermore, as the application of thismethod, we have analyzed the data of Shenzhen and Shanghai stockmarket.

The authors studied two-point boundary problem under suitable conditions, and using these results the authors constructed the selfsimilar solution of a free degenerate nonlinear parabolic equation problem and studied the characters of the solution.

The present paper deals with a class of the nonlinear integro-differential problems with boundary perturbation. Under appropriate assu mptions, the existence of solution is proved by means of the theory of differential inequalities and the uniformly valid symptotic expansion for arbitrary nth-order is obtained.

We consider the conditions in case that a n-centralizing mapping in a simiprime ring is n-commuting. By using linearization in an additive subgroup of R whice is closed under squares, we conclude that with suitably-restricted additive torsion, for d aderivation in a semiprime ring R, if d_k is n-centralizing on U, an additive subgroup of R closed under squares, then it must be n-commuting o n U.

This article deals with the nilpotent derivation in a s emiprime ring, and with related technique in its extended ring, it is proved tha t (1) R is an n!-torsionfree semiprime ring, n∈N, Z is the center of R, δ is a derivation of R, if δⁿ(R)=0, then δ(Z)=0； （2） R is a prime ring with char R≠2, Z is the center of R, U₁,U₂,…,U_nare Lie ideals of R, if d₁,d₂,…,d_nare the nonzero derivations of R and ［［… ［d₁(U ₁),d₂(U₂)］,…］,d_n(U_n)］Z, then there exists i∈{1,2,…,n}, such that U_iZ.

The paper presents a time-splitting and wavelet based space-time adaptive method for numerical solution of Schrodinger equat ions (the Planck constant ε is small). The multiresolution structure of wavelet orthonormal bases provides an adaptive way to the local regularity of the solution. In order to gain the stability and precision of the numerical scheme, we introduce an approximate sheme that adapt the time steps to the spatial resolution. Furthermore, numerical tests are presented.

The present paper deals with a finite volume element method of the parabolic equations based on triangle subdivision and BB dual sub divisions. The trial space is the piecewise linear functions on triangular meshes, the test space is the piecewise constants corresponding to BB dual subdivisions. Optimal L² and H¹ convergence rates for semi-discrete and fully discrete methods are proved.

The nonlinear for singularly perturbed problems of elliptic equations with boundary perturbation are considered. Under suitable conditions, the asymptotic behavior of solution for the boundary value problems is studied by using the theory of differential inequalities.

Let R be a prime ring with center Z and extended centroid C, We have proven the following results. (1) Let f(x) and g(x) be non-zero derivations in prime ring R, supposing that there exists a,b∈R such that af(x)+bg(x) is a derivation of R and commuted on it, then f(x)=λx+ζ(x), g(x)=λ′x+ζ′(x), λ,λ′∈C, additive map ζ,ζ′: R→C; (2) Let R be a ring, a biadditive map G: R×R→R is the symmetric bi-derivation of R, if ［G(x,x),x］∈Z, char R≠2, then R is commuting; (3) let R be a prime ring of char R≠2 and d ₁,d₂ be non-zero derivations in R, if d₁d₂ (R)∈Z, then R is commuting.

The present paper deals with the SAT problem and the multiple methods to solve it, then shows how to use the SAT prover to crack first order logic problem. After that the details of our first order logic modal gener ator__FOLMG is given, it behaves well in comparison with MACE which is anot her good model generator.

In this paper the definition and quality of computational reflection are given over the definition of structure reflection. However, as a new programming technology and language semantics description method, Monad has received more and more attention of researchers. As a result it is important to investigate the union of Monad and reflection. The reflection quality of Monad is given and proved in this paper, on the basis of which the corresponding operations in reflection are also defined and proved by shift and reset operations of CPS. Based on the discussion in the paper, it is easy to construct a reflective Monad-oriented program.

Extending the real-time texture synthesis by patch-based sampling and applying it to constrained texture synthesis, we repaired the blemish. By means of different types of texture segment to find matching and the texture patch which can change in size, we repaired the boundary of the blemish, making no obvious sense of fringe in the boundary of the repaired picture.

Facing to the current problems in Internet group communication, we analyzed the characters of traditional multicast mechanism and application level multicast mechanism, designed a new efficient application level multicast approach, proposed meshconstruction algorithm, mesh maintenance algorithm and multicast tree formation algorithm on mesh, and implemented it based on Java. The experiment results show the mesh structure can be set better by application level multicast, quickly improve the mesh performance and obtain higher efficiency than IP multicast.

The present paper presents an efficient algorithm that improves set-enumeration tree and finds maximum frequent itemsets. By combining bottom-up and top-down searches in set-enumeration tree and making use of th e infrequent itemsets to prune candidates of the maximum frequent itemsets, the algorithm reduces the number of candidates of the maximum frequent itemsets gene rated by it so that the efficiency is increased.

This paper discusses the design and applicati on issues in the process of building database system YMDBS by virture of UML techniques. With the help of a powerful CASE tool__PowerDesigner, we demonstrate the key techniques involving database implementation from three aspects: object oriented data modeling conceptual data modeling, and physical data modeling. The database system is a key part of the national 863 project “Multi-media Intelligence System for Maize Production”.

The problem in the usual reduction method of a decision table by means of Rough set theory is that it does not make full use of the information given by discernible matrix so that it gives rise to the repeated computation in computing the core value and the value reduction of the decision rules. The present paper aims at improving the present value reduction strategy used widely, which can get the core values of each rule from the discernible matrix. Then the DMBVR algorithm is given, which can get all the value reductions based on the discernible matrix. Finally it is proved that DMBVR algorithm can get all the reductions of each rule and makes the process of computing the core value and the value reduction more simple.

This paper presents a mathematics model of handwritten signature recognition and matches time sequences from the thought of dynamic pla nning. The recognition algorithm was effectually examined by practice. The paper also introduces distance calculation formula based on weighting H¹ m odule to calculate the difference between input signatures and true signatures.

This paper deals with the capacity of hybrid channel allocation(HCA) over CDMA network. Analyzing fixed channel and dynamic channel we obtained the substantive capacities and brought them into an inhibitable equation for channel allocation proportion. Based on the experiment it is validated that the system load would impact the inhibitable equation, that is, the certain load would make a corresponding proper allocation proportion. Finally the paper introduces the load estimate model in order to support producing the HCA proportion.

A mothod is proposed for identifying Web servers even if their banners are modified. With this method, the components and implementation of a Web mapping system called WMS are described. The testing results show that it is better than existing tools.

An unstable periodic orbit (UPO) tracking of uncertain chaotic systems is considered. Time-delayed controller with good robustness is proposed. UPO is fast and successfully tracked via the variable structure co ntrol method. The period is achieved by means of gradient descent mechanism so t hat the accurate period need not known in advance. Finally, Rossler chaos and Lo renz systems have been simulated under the controller proposed. And the results verify the effectiveness and correction of time-delayed feedback controller.

The radiate decay B^*_d→B_dγ was studi ed with the improved light-cone QCD summation rules method in which adequate chiral current operators are chosen in the correlation function used for calculation of the coupling constantgB^*_dB_dγ, eliminating completely the effect from the uncertainty of the matrix element 〈γ(q)|(x)γ_μγ ₅d(0)| 0〉. The decay width is agreement with the result of standard light-cone QCD sum rules in the range of error margin.

Gaussian-Sinc pulse is presented according to the Fourier transformation. Its frequency domain profiles were calculated by means of th e analytical solutions of Bloch equations. The effects of parameter in Gaussian-Sinc pulse on the selective, side band and phase were studied. The advantages and defects of Gaussian-Sinc pulse are discussed and some valuable conclusions are gained. The corresponding experimental results coincide well with the above conclusions.

H-BN thin films were prepared on the (100)-oriented surface of n-Si by r.f. sputtering physical vapor deposition(PVD). The field emi ssion characteristics of the BN films were measured in a ultra high vacuum syste m. It has been found that the field emission characteristics of BN films is affe cted evidently by substrates temperature. A turn-on electric field as low as 12 V/μm is obtained and the highest emission current density is 280 μA/cm^{2< /sup> fo r the BN film deposited at a substrate temperature of 500 ℃. The Fowler-Nordhei m(F-N) curves are all nearly straight lines that indicate the electrons are emi tted from n-Si to penetrate the BN films to vacuum tunneling by means of tunnel ing effect.}

The erbium doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) gain flattening filters were fabricated by writing chirped fiber Bragg gratings on hydrogen-lo aded standard fiber with chirped phase mask and a properly designed program cont rolled scanning exposure system. The gain variation in an EDFA is within ±0.3 dB over bandwidth of 30 nm. The gain flattening filters based on chirped fiber B ragg gratings can be designed and fabricated according to the different ASE spec trum of EDFA.

Cu/Al₂O₃ catalysts were prepared by impregnation method. We studied the effect of different crystal forms of　 Al₂O_{3 on the structure and properties of the catalyst and also investigated the effects of these catalysts on the dehydr ogenation of 2-butanol and the selectivity to MEK. Based upon the characteriza tion by means of BET, XRD and TPR, it is conduded that supports can effect the s tate of copper species on the catalyst surface. By an appropriate treatment of the supports, we could get the optimal catalysts for the dehydrogenation of 2-b utanol.}

Nanometer yttria stabilized zirconia (YSZ) powders were prepared by means of glycine-nitrate process (GNP). The phases of the synthesized product and the calcined powders were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, and the average crystallite size of the YSZ powders was calculated. The sintering shrinkage of the synthesized powders and the electrical properties of the sintered samples were studied with thermal expansion and a.c. impedance spectra, respectively. It was found that the nanometer YSZ powders can be directly synthesized by means of GNP when a molar ratio of the metal ions to glycine was 1∶2. The aver age crystallite size of the YSZ powders calcined at 600 and 1 000 ℃ are 9.85 a nd 40.5 nm, respectively. The sinterablity of the YSZ samples pre-sintered at 1 000 ℃ is significantly higher than that pre-sintered at 1 200 ℃. The relati ve density of the samples treated above is 99.3% and 98.6% sintered at 1 400 ℃ for 6 h, respectively, and the sintering temperature range is 1 400~1 450 ℃. The electrical conductivity of the above samples sintered at 1 450 ℃ is 0.037 and 0.021 S/cm at a measuring temperature of 850 ℃.

A standard solid state technique was used to synthesize the composite materials of Ce_0.8Sm_0.2O_1.9(SDC) and (ZrO_{2)0.92(Y2O3)0.08(YSZ), the mass rati os of SDC to YSZ are 1：9， 3∶7 and 5∶5, respectively. From the XRD data, they show a biphasic structu r e. The impedance spectra show that at low temperatures the resistance of these composite electrolytes are lower than that of pure YSZ, but the resistances becom e higher at the working temperature of the fuel cells (700～850 ℃). In the expe riments of the solid oxide fuel cells with them as electrolytes, the open circui t voltage is very low, and drops very apparently with the increasing content of SDC.}

Nanoparticles Bi₂O3 have been prepared by using the ammo nia precipitation and polyol mediated methods. XRD, BET and XPS were used to characterize the nanoparticles. The photocatalytic oxidation of toluene was used as model reaction to measure the photocatalytic a ctivity of Bi₂O_{3 nanoparticles. The results show that the prepared crystals possess a tetragonal structure . The electron combining energy of Bi2O3 nanoparticles inc reases as the calcinin g temperature increases, resulting in the photocatalytic activity for toluene degradation to increase. The photocatalytic activity of Bi2O3 nanoparticles produced by the polyol mediated method　 is higher than that of Bi2O3 nanoparticles produced by 　the ammonia precipitation.}

The amphoteric polymer flocculant with anion and cation was syn thesized with starch-g-polyacrylamide by Mannich reaction and hydrolysis. The optimum reaction condition was obtained as follows: the molar ratio among gr aft polymer, formaldehyde to dimethyl amine was 1∶1.1∶1.5, mass concentrati on of graft polymer 2.5%, temperature of methylamine reaction 50 ℃, reaction time 2.5　h , cationic degree 50%; the mass ratio of sodium carbonate to sodium hydrox ide 1.4∶1, the molar ratio of hydrolytic agent to graft polymer 1∶1, hydro lytic temperature 65 ℃, hydrolytic time 3 h, anionic degree 23%. The turbid ity an d chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rate of this product for dyeing factory a nd paper mill waste water are better than those of HPAM.

With the contents of aesculin and aesculetin as the technical specificat ions, three microwave-assisted extraction(MAE) procedures were studied. The f irst procedure is household microwave oven dynamic extraction. The second proced ure is microwave resonant cavity dynamic extraction. The third procedure is spec ial microwave oven extraction. The results obtained by the three microwave-assi sted extraction procedures were compared with those obtained by using the tradit ion al Soxhlet extraction. And at the same time the results obtained by the three pr o cedures of MAE were also compared with each other. The results indicate that the MAE not only takes a shorter time, but also makes a higher yield of the extract ion.

MCM-49 zeolite wa s synthesized with hexamethylenimine as an organic template, by means of hydrothermal crystallization methods. The effect of static condition on the synthesis of MCM-49 was studied. The framework structure and acid property of MCM-49 were investigated by XRD, IR and NH₃-TPD techniq ues. The res ults show that MCM-49 was obtained as a pure phase and with a good yield un der the condition of n(H₂O)∶n(SiO₂)=35~40, n(HMI)∶n(SiO ₂) =0.5, n(SiO₂)∶n(Al₂O₃)= 20～35 for 72　h crystalization. Furthermore, MCM-49 zeolite shows good ca talytic behavior for the skeletal isomerization of 1-butene.

Based on the study of the reaction between 7,7,8,8-tetracyanoquino-dimethane(TCNQ) and nicotine in tobacco, a new method for determining nicotine in tobacco under optimized condition is proposed in this paper. Through the pr oposed method, the following results are obtained. The apparent molar absorptiv ity of the CT complexes at 743 nm is 4.84×10³ L·mol^－１ ·cm^－１, and the apparent molar absorptivity of the CT complexes at 842 nm is 8.82×10³ L·mol ^－１·cm^－１. In the prese nce of ethanol, Beer's law is obeyed in the range of 3~35 mg/L for nicotine. The relative standard deviation is 1.4%(n=9). The recovery is 98%～103%. The proposed method has been proved to be asimple, sensitive and reprodu cible method for the determination of the nicotine in ethanol with satisfactory results.

In order to raise their sensitivity and increa sing their solubility, about 40 thiazolylazo dye have been synthesized and used for many purposes,　e.g.,　as the indicator for the titration of metal ions with EDTA and as chelating agent of metal ions. The article introduces the color reaction of th e new formed developer with the copper(Ⅱ) under the existence of CPB, it was found th at in a buffer solution of pH=6.98. Cu²⁺　reacts with the develop er to form a stable red coordinated complex. Its max-absorption-wavelength is 533.0 nm,　appar ent mol ar absorption coefficient is 3.64　×10⁴　L·mol^-1·cm-1.　Beer's law is obeyed in th e range of 0.001　4~1.2　μg/mL for Cu(Ⅱ). The new reaction system rem ains to have a high sensitivity and a good selectivity. The method proves to be satisfactory for the direct determination of copper in practical samples.

Biologic oxidation of electric insulating oil by planococcus was st udied. Planococcus can metabolize electric insulating oil. An fatty acid was separa ted from the complex metabolites. The chemical configuration of the fatty acid was determined by mass spectrum, NMR etc. The influence of planococcus's m etabolites o n dielectric loss was researched in detail.

Using the methylation specific PCR(MSP) to detect the methylation of p16 geng of each of 30 patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), 30 patients with cirrhosis, 30 patients with chronic hepatitis and 30 healthy individ uals, respectively. The results show that the methylation of p16 gene was foun ded in 20 of the 30 patients (67%) with primary hepatocellular carcinoma. In the other groups was without the methylation of p16 gene.

The organic materials of natural water surface coatings were quantified by me asuring chemical oxygen demand (COD) and total organic carbon (TOC) in the natu ral water surface coatings, and the relationship between COD and TOC was investigated with the variance analysis. The results indicate that the time factor has no sig nificant effect on the ratio of COD to TOC, while the depth factor has no obviou s effect on it within the depth range selected. So both COD and TOC could be use d for determining the amount of organic materials of natural water surface coati ngs.

The adsorption of natural surface coatings, developed in the Nanhu Lake(Ch angchun, China), towards Cd was studied to determine the effects of the amounts of Fe oxides in surface coatings on Cd adsorption and the dyn amics and thermodynamic characteristics of Cd adsorption. The results indicate that the amounts of Fe oxides influence Cd adsorption to natural surface coating s greatly.

This paper introduces the actualities and the developing trend of the diesel engine exhaust particle filter and its regeneration techni ques, dissertates the advantages and disadvantages of existing aftertreatment techniques, and emphasizes the regeneration technique of the diesel engine exhaust particle filter, which combines microwave heating with catalysis. Compared with the original equipment, the predominance of applying microwave heating combined with catalysis regeneration technique is obvious. As can be shown in this expe riment, diesel engine exhaust particles can be reduced by 98.2％, and it will b e one of the most perspective aftertreatment techniques.