典型道路场景以及场景切换时的速度行为特性

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20200246

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为明确典型道路场景以及场景切换时的速度行为特性，在重庆选择3条路段开展超过70位被试的实车驾驶试验，用车载仪器采集了自然状态下的车辆运行数据，分析了不同场景对驾驶行为的约束性以及行驶场景交替时的速度变化特征，具体发现如下：驾驶人在跨江大桥主线上的速度选择行为具有较强的离散性，即该环境对驾驶行为的约束性较弱，车辆间的速度差异增加了追尾事故的发生几率。从大桥主线驶入小半径匝道时，驾驶人会提前在主线上减速，驾驶行为受到的约束性增加。驶入隧道时驾驶人会将减速行为持续到隧道洞内一段距离，速度幅值的离散性同时降低，表明隧道入口的环境突变会提高驾驶人速度选择行为的趋同性。驶入小半径曲线匝道时，驾驶人的减速行为会持续至匝道圆曲线范围内，驶入速度越高，减速度越大；匝道圆曲线较长时仅有少部分驾驶人会在圆曲线中部定速行驶；而圆曲线较短时未观察到恒速行驶行为；行驶速度在多层螺旋匝道范围内维持恒定。70%驾驶人的速度幅值分布在较窄的区间内，因此在较小的范围内调整设计参数便可以照顾到大多数驾驶人的行为习惯。

关键词: 交通工程, 驾驶行为, 道路条件, 行驶场景, 行驶速度, 立交匝道, 跨江大桥, 隧道

Abstract:

To clarify the speed behavior on typical scenes and speed variation when driving scenes switching, three road sections were selected in Chongqing, field driving experiments with more than 70 subjects were carries out. The vehicle operation data under the natural state were collected through on-board instruments, and the speed change characteristics when driving scenes alternate was analyzed, as well as the restraint of roadway condition on the speed behavior for various driving scenes. The results show that the driver's selection behavior on the main line of river-spanning bridge is highly discrete, that is, the road environment has little restraint on the driver's behavior, and the probability of rear end collision is higher on the bridge. When driving from the main line of the bridge into a ramp with small radius of the interchange, the driver will slow down on the bridge in advance, and the sharp ramps have stronger binding on the driving behavior than the bridge. The driver will continue the deceleration behavior to a certain distance in the tunnel, and the dispersion of speed amplitude will be weakened at the same time, indicating that the change of environment at tunnel entrance will significantly affect the driver's speed choice behavior. When driving into a ramp with a small radius, the driver's deceleration behavior will continue into the range of circular curve, and higher speed will lead to greater deceleration. For a ramp with a relative longer circular, only a few drivers will keep a constant speed near the middle of the circular curve. When the circular curve of the ramp is shorter, no driver would drive at a constant speed within the circular curve. The driving speed is constant in the range of multi-layer helical ramps. Speed amplitude of 70 percent drivers is distributed in a narrow range. Therefore, adjusting the design parameters in a small range can take care of most drivers' behavior habits.

Key words: traffic engineering, driving behavior, road condition, driving scenario, speed, interchange ramp, river-spanning bridge, tunnel

中图分类号:

U491.25

徐进,潘存书,符经厚,刘俊,王郸祁. 典型道路场景以及场景切换时的速度行为特性[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2021, 51(4): 1331-1341.

Jin XU,Cun-shu PAN,Jing-hou FU,Jun LIU,Dan-qi WANG. Speed behavior characteristic on typical driving scenarios and along switched scenarios[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2021, 51(4): 1331-1341.

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序号	试验地点	构成单元（场景组成）
序号	试验地点	单元#1［主要参数］	单元#2［主要参数］	单元#3［主要参数］	单元#4［主要参数］
道路I	涪陵长江一桥- 南桥头立交	大桥主线［直线段］	回头曲线匝道［R=35 m］	螺旋匝道［内圈半径39.525 m，外圈半径50 m，坡度4.5%］	/
道路II	苏家坝立交O匝道?菜园坝大桥	同向连续曲线匝道［R₁=200 m， R₂=100 m］	同向曲线隧道［R₃=60 m， R₄=90 m］	曲线匝道［R₄=90 m，长度160 m］	过江大桥主线［直线段］
道路II	苏家坝立交M 匝道	大桥主线出口［分流点］	螺旋匝道（右转）［R₁=100 m， R₂=60 mm， R₃=100 mm］	S型曲线匝道［R₄=65 m，R₅=300 m］	/
道路III	江南立交?向黄路	小半径回头曲线匝道/R=60 m	向黄路/大半径曲线	向黄隧道［直线段，长度890 m］	/