吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2022, Vol. 52 ›› Issue (7): 1709-1718.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20210103
• 农业工程·仿生工程 • 上一篇
魏国粱1,2(),张青松1,2,王彪1,2,何坤1,2,廖庆喜1,2()
Guo-liang WEI1,2(),Qing-song ZHANG1,2,Biao WANG1,2,Kun HE1,2,Qing-xi LIAO1,2()
摘要:
针对在长江中下游稻油轮作区秸秆量大、现有油菜直播机采用传统翻垡方式导致秸秆埋覆率低、回垡立垡现象突出的问题,提出了基于土垡先抬、后扣的侧边翻埋工艺方案,设计了一种与油菜直播机配套,能实现高茬水稻秸秆工况下的土垡侧边翻扣功能的扣垡犁。分析了扣垡犁主要结构和工作过程,构建土垡扣垡阶段力学模型,明确了扣垡犁的扣垡方式,确定了实现扣垡功能的扣垡犁宽深比为1.5~1.96。基于扣垡方式,确定了犁体曲面主要结构参数,并开展了作业阻力分析。扣垡犁田间作业性能表明,扣垡犁较优参数如下:犁铧宽度为150 mm,耕深为180 mm,此时扣垡犁作业阻力为5.54 kN,扣垡率为92.25%;扣垡犁与翻垡犁田间对比试验表明:扣垡犁相比翻垡犁扣垡率提高了34.54%,作业性能优于翻垡犁。以犁旋组合式油菜直播机为试验平台,扣垡犁较优参数下开展田间验证试验,结果表明:作业后地表平均秸秆埋覆率为91.41%,厢面平整度为16.22~21.05 mm,碎土率均高于90.89%,满足油菜种床耕整要求。该研究可为油菜直播秸秆翻埋装置和扣垡犁体曲面设计提供参考。
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