基于差速辊的青贮玉米籽粒破碎仿真试验及优化

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20200812

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对国内青贮玉米收获机籽粒破碎效果差、破碎率低，影响青贮饲料养分转化的问题，基于离散元法建立了玉米籽粒粘结接触模型，确定了其相应参数。结合差速籽粒破碎原理探索了破碎辊间隙、上下破碎辊转速对青贮玉米籽粒破碎率的影响规律，结果表明：上破碎辊转速为5197 r/min、下破碎辊转速（差速比）为3949 r/min、破碎辊间隙为3 mm时，玉米籽粒离散元模型粘结键的平均破碎率达到95.35%。在该上述试验条件下进行台架试验，结果表明，青贮玉米籽粒破碎率达到92.1%，其中75.3%的青贮玉米籽粒小于正常大小的1/4；19.5%的青贮玉米籽粒大于正常大小的1/4；仿真试验与台架试验相对误差为3.25%。试验符合青贮饲料的发酵和养分转化标准，为籽粒破碎技术和装备开发提供了一种新的研究方法。

关键词: 农业工程, 籽粒破碎, 青贮玉米, 离散元法

Abstract:

In order to solve the problems of poor grain crushing effect and low crushing rate of domestic silage corn harvester, which affect the nutrient transformation of silage, a corn grain bonding contact model was established based on discrete element method, and the corresponding bonding model parameters were determined. Combined with the principle of differential grain crushing, the effects of crushing roller gap, upper and lower crushing roller speeds on grain crushing rate of silage corn were explored. The results show that when the upper crushing roller speed was 5197 r/min, the lower crushing roller speed (differential ratio) was 3949 r/min and the crushing roller gap was 3 mm, the average crushing rate of bonding bond of corn grain discrete element model reached 95.35%. The results show that the grain crushing rate of silage corn was 92.1%, about 75.3% of silage corn grains were less than 1/4 of the normal size; 19.5% silage corn grains were larger than 1/4 of normal size. The relative error between simulation test and bench test is 3.25%. It meets the fermentation and nutrient transformation standards of silage, and provides a new research method for the development of grain crushing technology and equipment.

Key words: agricultural engineering, grain breakage, silage corn, discrete element method

中图分类号:

S225.5

耿端阳,孙延成,牟孝栋,张国栋,姜慧新,朱俊科. 基于差速辊的青贮玉米籽粒破碎仿真试验及优化[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2022, 52(3): 693-702.

Duan-yang GENG,Yan-cheng SUN,Xiao-dong MU,Guo-dong ZHANG,Hui-xin JIANG,Jun-ke ZHU. Simulation test and optimization of grain breakage of silage maize based on differential roller[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2022, 52(3): 693-702.

图/表 18

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

表1

图7

图8

图9

图10

表2

表3

表4

方差结果分析"

变异来源	离均差平方和	自由度	均方	F	P
模型	807.89	9	89.77	11.40	0.0021
X₁	262.89	1	262.89	33.38	0.0156*
X₂	208.49	1	208.49	26.47	0.0083**
X₃	87.65	1	87.65	11.13	0.0035**
X₁X₂	0.32	1	0.32	0.041	0.8462
X₁X₃	128.94	1	128.94	16.37	0.0049
X₂X₃	7.32	1	7.32	0.93	0.3672
X $12$	22.06	1	22.06	2.80	0.1382
X $22$	31.41	1	31.41	3.99	0.0860
X $32$	61.88	1	61.88	7.86	0.0264
残差	55.14	7	7.88	－	－
失拟	55.14	3	18.38	－	－
纯误差	0.000	4	0.000	－	－
误差	863.03	16	－	－	－

表4

图11

图12

图13

图14

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参数	数值
法向刚度系数/（10⁸ N?m^-1）	6.25
切向刚度系数/（10⁸ N?m^-1）	4.16
临界法向应力/MPa	6.42
临界切向应力/MPa	7.7
粘结半径/mm	1

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