玉米籽粒收获机清选筛堵塞规律及脱附试验

doi:10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb20191186

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对玉米籽粒收获机清选筛堵塞引发清选作业质量降低的问题，选取筛片倾角37.5°、45°、52.5°、60°四组筛孔开度的鱼鳞筛，开展清选筛堵塞规律和脱附田间试验。作业量为1.5 hm²时，上清选筛的堵孔比例分别为7.89%、7.59%、7.14%、6.91%，尾筛的堵孔比例分别为8.07%、7.81%、7.49%、6.78%，粮仓内籽粒含杂率分别为1.15%、1.29%、1.34%、1.45%，筛尾处籽粒损失率分别为1.13%、1.07%、0.93%、0.87%；上清选筛堵塞玉米芯轴的脱附力平均值分别为2.07、1.76、1.56、1.47 N，尾筛堵塞玉米芯轴脱附力平均值分别为2、1.73、1.59、1.48 N。

关键词: 农业工程, 玉米籽粒收获机, 清选筛, 堵塞, 芯轴, 脱附

Abstract:

Sieve is one of the important parts of corn grain harvester. However， it is often blocked by corn cobs in working process， which leads to high loss rate and high percentage of dirt corn kernels. The sieve with chaffer opening angle of 37.5°， 45°， 52.5° and 60° were selected as research objects. The stripping force test of blocking corn cob was carried out by using self-made device. The results show that the hole-blocking ratio of sieve gradually increases with the work quantity of corn grain harvester， and the dirt percentage in granary and the loss rate at the tail sieve varied slowly first and then increased sharply. The influence of sieve blocking on the quality of cleaning operation was significantly enhanced when work quantity of corn grain harvester exceeded 1.5 hm2. The hole-blocking ratio of upper sieve was 7.89%， 7.59%， 7.14% and 6.91%， respectively. The hole-blocking ratio of tail sieve was 8.07%， 7.81%， 7.49% and 6.78%， respectively. The dirt percentage of corn kernels in granary was 1.15%， 1.29%， 1.34% and 1.45%， respectively. The loss rate of corn kernels at the tail sieve was 1.13%， 1.07%， 0.93% and 0.87%， respectively. The stripping force of blocking corn cob in upper and tail sieve were all between 0.5~ 3.5 N. The average stripping force of blocking cob in upper sieve was 2.07 N， 1.76 N， 1.56 N and 1.47 N， respectively. The average stripping force of blocking cob in tail sieve was 2 N， 1.73 N， 1.59 N and 1.48 N， respectively.

Key words: agricultural engineering, corn grain harvester, sieve, blocking, corn cob, stripping

中图分类号:

S225.5

程超,付君,陈志,任露泉. 玉米籽粒收获机清选筛堵塞规律及脱附试验[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2021, 51(2): 761-771.

Chao CHENG,Jun FU,Zhi CHEN,Lu-quan REN. Sieve blocking laws and stripping test of corn grain harvester[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2021, 51(2): 761-771.

图/表 15

图1

图2

图3

图4

图5

图6

图7

图8

图9

图10

图11

图12

图13

图14

图15

参考文献 29

1	陈志. 玉米全价值收获关键技术与装备[M]. 北京: 科学出版社,2014.
2	陈志, 郝付平, 王锋德, 等. 中国玉米收获技术与装备发展研究[J].农业机械学报, 2012, 43(12): 44-50.
	Chen Zhi, Hao Fu-ping, Wang Feng-de, et al. Development of technology and equipment of corn harvester in China[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2012, 43(12): 44-50.
3	程超, 付君, 陈志, 等. 玉米籽粒收获机清选装置参数优化试验[J]. 农业机械学报, 2019, 50(7): 151-158.
	Cheng Chao, Fu Jun, Chen Zhi, et al. Optimization experiment on cleaning device parameters of corn kernel harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2019, 50(7): 151-158.
4	王卓, 车东, 白晓平, 等. 玉米联合收获机清选损失监测装置设计与试验[J]. 农业机械学报, 2018, 49(12): 100-108.
	Wang Zhuo, Che Dong, Bai Xiao-ping, et al. Improvement and experiment of cleaning loss rate monitoring device for corn combine harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2018, 49(12): 100-108.
5	李耀明, 王智华, 徐立章, 等. 油菜脱出物振动筛分运动分析及试验研究[J]. 农业工程学报, 2007, 23(9): 111-114.
	Li Yao-ming, Wang Zhi-hua, Xu Li-zhang, et al. Motion analysis and experimental research of rape extractions on vibration sieve[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2007, 23(9): 111-114.
6	李立君, 胡文宇, 高自成, 等. 曲柄摇杆振动破壳油茶果粗选机运动学分析及试验[J]. 农业工程学报, 2016, 32(7): 28-35.
	Li Li-jun, Hu Wen-yu, Gao Zi-cheng, et al. Kinematics analysis and experiment of crank rocker vibrating coarse sorting machine for unshelled oil-tea fruit[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2016, 32(7): 28-35.
7	李洪昌, 李耀明, 唐忠, 等. 基于EDEM的振动筛分数值模拟与分析[J]. 农业工程学报, 2011, 27(5): 117-121.
	Li Hong-chang, Li Yao-ming, Tang Zhong, et al. Numerical simulation and analysis of vibration screening based on EDEM[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2011, 27(5): 117-121.
8	李杰, 闫楚良, 杨方飞. 联合收割机振动筛的动态仿真与参数优化[J]. 吉林大学学报: 工学版, 2006, 36(5): 701-704.
	Li Jie, Yan Chu-liang, Yang Fang-fei. Dynamic smiulation and parameter optmiization of the combine harvester vibration sieve[J]. Journal of Jilin University(Engineering and Technology Edition), 2006, 36(5): 701-704.
9	洪美琴. 联合收割机脱粒系统中振动筛的动力学分析[J]. 农机化研究, 2012, 34(5): 79-82.
	Hong Mei-qin. The dynamics analysis of vibrating sieve in threshing system of combine harvester[J]. Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research, 2012, 34(5): 79-82.
10	王立军, 张传根, 丁振军. 玉米收获机清选筛体结构优化[J]. 农业机械学报, 2016, 47(9): 108-114.
	Wang Li-jun, Zhang Chuan-gen, Ding Zhen-jun. Structure optimization of cleaning screen for maize harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2016, 47(9): 108-114.
11	王立军, 冯鑫, 武振超, 等. 玉米联合收获机贯流风阶梯式振动筛设计与试验[J]. 农业机械学报, 2018, 49(10): 115-123.
	Wang Li-jun, Feng Xin, Wu Zhen-chao, et al. Design and test of stepped vibrating screen with cross air for maize harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2018, 49(10): 115-123.
12	王立军, 武振超, 冯鑫, 等. 玉米收获机清选曲面筛设计与试验[J].农业机械学报, 2019, 50(2): 90-101.
	Wang Li-jun, Wu Zhen-chao, Feng Xin, et al. Design and experiment of curved screen for maize grain harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2019, 50(2): 90-101.
13	吴晓秋. 曲面筛筛面形状与筛分参数优化研究[D]. 泉州: 华侨大学机电及自动化学院, 2018.
	Wu Xiao-qiu. Study on screen surface shape and screening parameters optimization of the curved screen[D]. Quanzhou: College of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Huaqiao University, 2018.
14	Wang L J, Ding Z J, Meng S, et al. Kinematics and dynamics of a particle on a non-simple harmonic vibrating screen[J]. Particuology, 2017, 32: 167-177.
15	Jiang H S, Zhao Y M, Duan C L, et al. Dynamic characteristics of an equal-thickness screen with a variable amplitude and screening analysis[J]. Powder Technology, 2017, 311: 239-246.
16	Ma Z, Li Y M, Xu L Z. Discrete-element method simulation of agricultural particles' motion in variable-amplitude screen box[J]. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2015, 118: 92-99.
17	王立军, 段良坤, 郑招辉, 等. 三移动两转动振动筛驱动机构优化与试验[J]. 农业机械学报, 2018, 49(6): 138-145.
	Wang Li-jun, Duan Liang-kun, Zheng Zhao-hui, et al. Optimization and experiment on driving mechanism of vibrating screen with three translations and two rotations[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2018, 49(6): 138-145.
18	李耀明, 刘晓飞, 马征, 等.不同支链初始相位的三维并联筛分性能研究[J]. 农业机械学报, 2017, 48(9): 88-95.
	Li Yao-ming, Liu Xiao-fei, Ma Zheng, et al. Investigation on three-dimensional parallel screening performance based on initial phase of different branches[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2017, 48(9): 88-95.
19	王成军, 李耀明, 马履中, 等. 3自由度混联振动筛设计[J]. 农业机械学报, 2011, 42(): 69-73.
	Wang Cheng-jun, Li Yao-ming, Ma Lü-zhong, et al. Design of three degree of freedom hybrid vibration screen[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2011, 42(Sup.l): 69-73.
20	李耀明, 马征, 徐立章. 油菜联合收获机筛面粘附物摩擦特性[J]. 农业机械学报, 2010, 41(12): 54-57.
	Li Yao-ming, Ma Zheng, Xu Li-zhang. Tribological characteristics of adhesive materials on cleaning sieve of rape combine harvester[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2010, 41(12): 54-57.
21	李耀明, 马征, 徐立章. 油菜混合物与仿生筛面基体间的粘附特性[J]. 农业机械学报, 2012, 43(2): 75-78.
	Li Yao-ming, Ma Zheng, Xu Li-zhang. Adhesion property between rape mixture and bionic screen matrix[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2012, 43(2): 75-78.
22	程超, 付君, 陈志, 等. 收获机振动筛振动参数影响不同湿度脱出物粘附特性[J]. 农业工程学报, 2019, 35(8): 29-36.
	Cheng Chao, Fu Jun, Chen Zhi, et al. Effect of vibration parameters of vibrating screen for harvester on adhesion characteristics of threshed mixtures with different moistures[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2019, 35(8): 29-36.
23	程超, 付君, 唐心龙, 等. 振动形式对水稻脱出物界面粘附规律的影响[J]. 吉林大学学报: 工学版, 2019, 49(4): 1128-1235.
	Cheng Chao, Fu Jun, Tang Xin-long, et al. Effects of vibration mode on interface adhesion law of rice threshed mixtures[J]. Journal of Jilin University (Engineering and Technology Edition), 2019, 49(4): 1228-1235.
24	程超, 付君, 唐心龙, 等. 水稻收获机械抖动板加热脱附试验研究[J]. 农业机械学报, 2019, 50(6): 110-118.
	Cheng Chao, Fu Jun, Tang Xin-long, et al. Heating anti-adhesion experiments of jitter plate of rice harvesting machinery[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society for Agricultural Machinery, 2019, 50(6): 110-118.
25	赵跃民, 陈惜明, 朱红. 潮湿细粒物料的透筛粘附模型[J]. 中国矿业大学学报, 2000, 29(2): 120-124.
	Zhao Yue-min, Chen Xi-ming, Zhu Hong. Adhesive model of screening fine moist materials[J]. Journal of China University of Mining and Technology, 2000, 29(2): 120-124.
26	陶秀祥, 赵跃民, 杨国华, 等. 潮湿细粒煤炭筛分过程堵孔机理的研究[J]. 煤炭学报, 2000, 25(2): 196-199.
	Tao Xiu-xiang, Zhao Yue-min, Yang Guo-hua,et al. Study on the mechanism of aperture blinding in the screening of moist fine coal[J]. Journal of China Coal Society, 2000, 25(2): 196-199.
27	. 玉米机械试验方法[S].
28	李耀明. 谷物联合收割机的设计与分析[M]. 北京: 机械工业出版社, 2014.
29	刘克毅, 王维新. 统收式采棉机风送系统设计及研究[J]. 农机化研究, 2011, 33(5): 115-118.
	Liu Ke-yi, Wang Wei-xin. Design and research of closed-type cotton pickers air flow system[J]. Journal of Agricultural Mechanization Research, 2011, 33(5):115-118.

Metrics

Viewed

Full text

Abstract

Cited

Shared

Discussed

[1]	丛茜,徐金,马博帅,张晓超,陈廷坤. 基于虚拟仿真的拖拉机后悬挂检测装置设计与实验[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2021, 51(2): 754-760.
[2]	陈学深,黄柱健,马旭,齐龙,方贵进. 水稻机械除草避苗控制系统设计与试验[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2021, 51(1): 386-396.
[3]	耿端阳,谭德蕾,于兴瑞,苏国粱,王骞,鹿秀凤,金诚谦. 玉米柔性脱粒滚筒脱粒元件设计与试验[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2020, 50(5): 1923-1933.
[4]	高锐涛,单建,杨洲,文晟,兰玉彬,张泉勇,汪洋. 植保无人机变量喷雾处方图实时解译系统的设计与试验[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2020, 50(1): 361-374.
[5]	程超,付君,郝付平,陈志,周德义,任露泉. 清选筛运动参数对玉米芯轴堵筛规律的影响[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2020, 50(1): 351-360.
[6]	刘恩泽,吴文福. 基于综合指标品质评价算法的单色水果生长状态检测互联网架构[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2019, 49(6): 2019-2026.
[7]	程超,付君,唐心龙,陈志,任露泉. 振动形式对水稻脱出物界面粘附规律的影响[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2019, 49(4): 1228-1235.
[8]	秦嘉浩,李臻,光岡宗司,井上英二,宋正河,朱忠祥. 基于模型实验的拖拉机配置对稳定性的影响差异[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2019, 49(4): 1236-1245.
[9]	梁方,尤泳,王德成,王光辉,贺长彬,李帅. 运动参数对草地切根刀具与土壤作用关系的影响[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2019, 49(3): 903-911.
[10]	王扬, 王晓梅, 陈泽仁, 于建群. 基于离散元法的玉米籽粒建模[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2018, 48(5): 1537-1547.
[11]	陈东辉, 吕建华, 龙刚, 张宇晨, 常志勇. 基于ADAMS的半悬挂式农业机组静侧翻稳定性[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2018, 48(4): 1176-1183.
[12]	贾洪雷, 王万鹏, 陈志, 庄健, 王文君, 刘慧力. 基于土壤坚实度的仿形弹性镇压辊镇压力实时测量方法[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2018, 48(4): 1169-1175.
[13]	王扬, 吕凤妍, 徐天月, 于建群. 大豆籽粒形状和尺寸分析及其建模[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2018, 48(2): 507-517.
[14]	贾洪雷, 郑嘉鑫, 袁洪方, 郭明卓, 王文君, 于路路. 大豆播种机双V型筑沟器设计与试验[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2017, 47(1): 323-331.
[15]	肖志锋, 乐建波, 吴南星, 刘相东. 操作压力对过热蒸汽流化床干燥的影响[J]. 吉林大学学报(工学版), 2015, 45(4): 1375-1380.