吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2024, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (4): 926-937.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20220664

• 车辆工程·机械工程 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于动态混合RANS/LES模型的液力变矩器内部流场的数值模拟

鄢万斌1,2(),杨孔华3,金开雕3,陈素姣1,2,章勇华1,2,刘春宝3()   

  1. 1.柳工柳州传动件有限公司 传动件研究所，广西 柳州 545007
    2.广西柳工机械股份有限公司，广西 柳州 545007
    3.吉林大学 机械与航空航天工程学院，长春 130022
  • 收稿日期:2022-05-30 出版日期:2024-04-01 发布日期:2024-05-17
  • 通讯作者: 刘春宝 E-mail:yanwb@liugong.com;liuchunbao@jlu.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:鄢万斌（1980-），男，高级工程师.研究方向：液力传动与自动变速.E-mail： yanwb@liugong.com
  • 基金资助:
    吉林省科技发展计划项目(20210509007RQ);柳州市科技计划项目(2021BAC0101)

Internal flow field in a hydrodynamic torque converter with dynamic hybrid RANS/LES model

Wan-bin YAN1,2(),Kong-hua YANG3,Kai-diao JIN3,Su-jiao CHEN1,2,Yong-hua ZHANG1,2,Chun-bao LIU3()   

  1. 1.Research Institute of Transmission，Liugong Liuzhou Transmission Parts Co. ，Ltd. ，Liuzhou 545007，China
    2.Guangxi Liugong Machinery Co. ，Ltd. ，Liuzhou 545007，China
    3.School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering，Jilin University，Changchun 130022，China
  • Received:2022-05-30 Online:2024-04-01 Published:2024-05-17
  • Contact: Chun-bao LIU E-mail:yanwb@liugong.com;liuchunbao@jlu.edu.cn

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摘要：

针对传统的一维束流研究方法无法对高功率密度液力变矩器工作腔内部复杂的时变瞬态湍流流动状态进行描述的问题，通过对计算流体力学（CFD）计算中的湍流模型进行设置，将RANS、LES、DES和SBES模型与精细六面体网格和介质动态物理化学特性进行高效的耦合集成，为液力变矩器（TC）瞬态仿真提供指导，以预测其外特性性能和复杂内流场分布。通过定性、定量分析液力变矩器内部的流动结构和导轮叶片边界层涡系拟序结构的时序演化，发现动态混合模型（DHRL）中的应力混合涡模拟（SBES）方法能够充分辨视工作腔内边界层的流动，实现了多流域耦合复杂流动现象的精准捕捉，并通过台架实验得到原始特性预测结果的最大误差不足4%。另外，本文还阐明了工作腔内流动损失产生机制，揭示了涡结构产生、发展、输运、破碎及合成等一系列主导湍流转捩过程的流动机制，为高效地开发新产品以及改进原有产品提供了计算方法。

关键词: 液力变矩器, 尺度解析模拟, 内流场, 计算流体力学

Abstract:

The traditional one-dimensional beam research method cannot describe the complex time-varying transient turbulent flow in the working cavity of a high power density torque converter. RANS， LES， DES and SBES models are efficiently coupled with fine hexahedral grids and dynamic physicochemical properties of media by setting turbulence models in CFD calculation， which provides guidance for transient simulation of hydraulic torque converter （TC） to predict its external performance and complex internal flow field distribution. The stress-blended eddy simulation （SBES） method in dynamic hybrid rans-les （DHRL） was found by qualitative and quantitative analysis of the flow structure inside the hydraulic torque converter and the sequential evolution of the quasi-ordered vortex system in the guide vane boundary layer. The boundary layer flow in the working chamber can be fully identified， and the multi-basin coupling complex flow phenomenon can be accurately captured. The maximum error of the original characteristic prediction results is less than 4% through the bench experiment. In addition， the mechanism of flow loss generation in the working chamber is also elucidated， and the flow mechanism of vortex structure generation， development， transport， fragmentation and synthesis is revealed， which provides a calculation method for the efficient development of new products and the improvement of original products.

Key words: hydraulic torque converter, scale-resolving simulation, flow field, computational fluid dynamics（CFD）

中图分类号: 

  • TH137.332

表1

不同湍流模型间的差异性"

差异类型RANSLESHRL
解析尺度平均尺度大尺度大尺度
湍流模型

涡黏及

雷诺应力

亚格子

模型

RANS/

LES

结果精度一般较高较高
网格质量一般较高一般
求解代价较小较大适中
求解类型

时均流场

结果

瞬态流场

结果

瞬态流场结果

图1

不同湍流模型间的模化思想对比"

图2

计算域及网格"

表2

液力变矩器各叶轮尺寸参数"

参数泵轮涡轮导轮
入口半径 /mm117.57176.72116.82
出口半径 /mm177.51117.87116.83
入口角/（°）1083596
出口角/（°）12315020
倾斜角/（°）139.7134.2125.6
叶片数282421

表3

CFD模型描述"

模拟方法相关设置
计算类型瞬态
湍流模型

RANS，LES，

HRL（DES SBES）

压力-速度耦合SIMPLEC
动量有限中心差分
瞬态方程隐式二阶精度
泵轮转速/（r·min-1）2000
涡轮转速/（r·min-1）0~1600
导轮状态静止
密度/（kg·m-3）860
黏度UDF
时间步长/s0.0005
时间步数200

图3

收敛曲线"

图4

网格无关性及y+值分布"

图5

实验台架"

图6

各湍流模型绝对误差对比"

图7

特性曲线及SBES湍流模型绝对误差"

图8

各物理量的变化趋势"

图9

涡轮叶片上的壁面剪应力"

图10

压力系数及黏性系数"

图11

涡轮涡结构的演化"

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