吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (2): 419-433.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20231033

• 综述 • 上一篇    

有条件自动驾驶下驾驶人接管行为综述

陈发城1(),鲁光泉2,林庆峰2,张浩东3,马社强1(),刘德志4,宋会军4   

  1. 1.中国人民公安大学 交通管理学院，北京 100038
    2.北京航空航天大学 交通科学与工程学院，北京 100191
    3.清华大学 车辆与运载学院，北京 100084
    4.新奥能源物流有限公司，河北 廊坊 065000
  • 收稿日期:2023-09-27 出版日期:2025-02-01 发布日期:2025-04-16
  • 通讯作者: 马社强 E-mail:chenfchengzc@126.com;masheqiang@163.com
  • 作者简介:陈发城（1992-），男，讲师，博士. 研究方向：驾驶行为，交通安全. E-mail： chenfchengzc@126.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2023YFB4302702);中央高校基本科研业务费新任教师科研启动基金项目(2023JKF02ZK05)

Review of drivers' takeover behavior in conditional automated driving

Fa-cheng CHEN1(),Guang-quan LU2,Qing-feng LIN2,Hao-dong ZHANG3,She-qiang MA1(),De-zhi LIU4,Hui-jun SONG4   

  1. 1.School of Traffic Management，People's Public Security University of China，Beijing 100038，China
    2.School of Transportation Science and Engineering，Beihang University，Beijing 100191，China
    3.School of Vehicle and Mobility，Tsinghua University，Beijing 100084，China
    4.ENN Energy Logistics Limited，Langfang 065000，China
  • Received:2023-09-27 Online:2025-02-01 Published:2025-04-16
  • Contact: She-qiang MA E-mail:chenfchengzc@126.com;masheqiang@163.com

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摘要：

从影响机理和提升方法两个层面总结了驾驶人接管行为领域的研究现状。在接管行为影响机理层面，将影响驾驶人接管行为的因素系统地分为自动驾驶系统因素、交通因素和驾驶人因素，并且更加细致地总结了驾驶人因素的影响机理；在接管行为提升方法层面，结合接管行为影响机理研究结论，从人机交互优化设计、接管行为建模预测、驾驶人接管培训等方面总结了改善驾驶人接管行为的一系列方法；最后，从研究机理和提升方法两个层面，提出了当前存在的问题和未来研究方向。

关键词: 交通运输系统工程, 有条件自动驾驶, 接管行为, 影响机理, 提升方法

Abstract:

The current research status in the field of takeover behavior was summarized from two aspects： impact mechanism and improvement methods. In terms of the influence mechanism of takeover behavior， the influence factors were systematically divided into automated driving system factors， traffic factors and driver factors， and more carefully summarizes the influence mechanism of driver factors. With respect to the methods for improving takeover behavior， based on the conclusions on the impact mechanism of takeover behavior， a series of methods were summarized from aspects such as optimization design for human-machine interaction， takeover behavior modeling and prediction， and driver training for takeover. Finally， the current problems and future research directions were proposed from the perspectives of influence mechanisms and improvement methods.

Key words: engineering of communications and transportation system, conditional automated driving, takeover behavior, influence mechanism, improvement methods

中图分类号: 

  • U491

表1

驾驶人接管行为影响因素分类"

系统因素交通因素驾驶人因素
接管时间预算交通状况驾驶人个体特性
非驾驶任务类别道路条件驾驶人状态
接管请求预警方式天气状况驾驶人习惯

表 2

驾驶人个体特性对接管行为的影响"

驾驶人个体特性作者结论
年龄Clark和Feng［20］、 K?rber等［39］、Wu等［47］年龄对驾驶人接管时间无显著影响
Li等［48］、So等［49］老年驾驶人的接管时间更长
K?rber等［39］老年驾驶人的接管安全性更好
Li等［48］老年驾驶人的接管安全性更差
Clark和Feng［20］、 K?rber等［39］老年驾驶人的纵向接管稳定性更差
性别赵晓华等［50］男性驾驶人对自动驾驶更加适应
So等［49］男性驾驶人的接管时间更短
Loeb等［51］男性驾驶人的接管碰撞率略小
手动驾驶经验Wright等［36］新手驾驶人接管时对潜在风险的识别能力较弱
Lu等［27］新手驾驶人接管时对车速和距离的估计较差
Chen等［3］、王琳岩等［53］新手驾驶人接管操纵稳定性较差
自动化使用经验Jin等［54］、Hergeth等［34］自动化使用经验会延长驾驶人的接管时间，但对接管质量无显著影响
创伤应激障碍症状Weigl等［55］严重道路交通事故产生的创伤应激障碍症状对驾驶人接管行为影响较弱
手动驾驶习惯鲁光泉等［46］具有低跟车风险接受习惯的驾驶人在监控自动驾驶条件下，接管后的纵向碰撞风险更小
Chen等［56］具有激进操纵习惯的驾驶人接管操纵反而更加稳定

表 3

驾驶人状态对接管行为的影响"

驾驶人状态作者结论
信任度Jin等［54］、Payre等［57］信任度升高会导致驾驶人的接管时间增加
K?rber等［17］信任度升高会导致驾驶人的接管稳定性和安全性下降
Jin等［54］信任度对驾驶人的接管质量无显著影响
困倦或精神疲劳Vogelpohl等［60］、Jarosch等［62］困倦或精神疲劳会延长驾驶人的接管时间和反应时间
Gon?alves等［63］困倦或精神疲劳会损害驾驶人的横向接管操纵稳定性
睡眠W?rle等［66］睡眠后，驾驶人的接管时间延长
W?rle等［67］睡眠后，驾驶人的接管质量变差
情绪Sanghavi等［70］愤怒情绪对驾驶人的接管时间无显著影响
Du等［71］情绪平静的驾驶人接管安全性和稳定性更好
饮酒Wiedemann等［72］饮酒会显著延长驾驶人的接管时间，并恶化其接管稳定性

图1

人机交互优化设计示例"

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