吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (2): 591-602.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20230393

• 交通运输工程·土木工程 • 上一篇    

超高速公路曲线路段车辆制动侧滑影响因素分析

何永明1(),冯佳1,2,魏堃3(),万亚楠1   

  1. 1.东北林业大学 土木与交通学院,哈尔滨 150040
    2.中铁第四勘察设计院集团有限公司,武汉 430000
    3.长安大学 道路结构与材料交通运输行业重点实验室,西安 710064
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-21 出版日期:2025-02-01 发布日期:2025-04-16
  • 通讯作者: 魏堃 E-mail:hymjob@nefu.edu.cn;weikun@chd.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:何永明(1979-),男,副教授,博士.研究方向:超高速公路及交通运输规划设计与管理.E-mail: hymjob@nefu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2023E011);东北林业大学碳中和专项科学基金项目(HFW221600015)

Analysis on influencing factors of vehicle braking sideslip in curved section of superhighway

Yong-ming HE1(),Jia FENG1,2,Kun WEI3(),Ya-nan WAN1   

  1. 1.School of Civil Engineering and Transportation,Northeast Forestry University,Harbin 150040,China
    2.China Railway Siyuan Survey And Design Group Co. ,Ltd. ,Wuhan 430000,China
    3.Key Laboratory of Road Structure and Material Transportation Industry,Chang 'an University,Xi'an 710064,China
  • Received:2023-04-21 Online:2025-02-01 Published:2025-04-16
  • Contact: Kun WEI E-mail:hymjob@nefu.edu.cn;weikun@chd.edu.cn

摘要:

为了分析行驶在超高速公路曲线路段车辆制动行为的行车风险,综合考虑行驶速度、圆曲线半径、道路超高、制动力对行车风险的影响,建立车辆动力学模型,以侧向加速度和横摆角速度作为行车风险的评价指标,分析了各因素对行车风险的影响。研究结果表明:圆曲线半径对超高速公路曲线路段行车风险有显著影响,影响因素的主次顺序依次为圆曲线半径、速度、制动力、道路超高。对行驶在超高速公路曲线路段的车辆进行风险评估时,需综合考虑车辆的侧向加速度及横摆角速度。研究结果可以为分析超高速公路行驶车辆的安全性提供参考。

关键词: 交通运输系统工程, 侧滑, 风险分析, CarSim仿真, 制动行为

Abstract:

To analyze the driving risk of vehicle braking behavior on curved sections of superhighways, the impact of driving speed, radius of circular curves, road superelevation, and braking force on driving risk is comprehensively considered. The vehicle dynamics model is established, and the lateral acceleration and yaw rate are taken as the evaluation indicators of driving risk. The influence of various factors on driving risk is analyzed. The research results indicate that the radius of circular curves has a significant impact on the driving risk of curve sections on superhighways, with the primary and secondary order of influencing factors being circular curve radius, speed, braking force, and road superelevation. When conducting risk assessment on vehicles driving on curved sections of highways, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the lateral acceleration and yaw rate of the vehicle. The research results can provide reference for analyzing the safety of vehicles driving on superhighways.

Key words: engineering of communications and transportation system, sideslip, risk analysis, CarSim simulation, breaking behavior

中图分类号: 

  • U491.2

图1

弯道小客车力学分析"

表1

车辆动力学模型基本参数"

参数数值参数数值
整车质量/kg1 110怠速/(r·min-1750
轴距/mm2 600最大扭矩/(N·m)620
质心至前轴距离/mm1 040轮胎有效滚动半径/mm298
质心高度/mm540Y轴转动惯量/(kg·m21 343
X轴转动惯量/(kg·m2440Z轴转动惯量/(kg·m21 343
ABS启动时滑移率0.1ABS失效时速度/(km·h-12

表2

正常路面附着系数取值"

路面

状况

干燥潮湿

<48

km·h-1

>48

km·h-1

<48

km·h-1

>48

km·h-1

沥青路面0.80~1.000.60~0.700.50~0.800.45~0.75

图2

道路模型图"

图3

正常行驶与侧滑失稳工况"

表4

圆曲线一般最小半径 (m)"

E/%V/(km·h-1),μ
180,0.04160,0.04140,0.05120,0.05100,0.06
101 8501 4501 050800500
82 1501 7001 200900600
62 6002 0501 4501 050700
43 2002 5201 7201 260800

表5

不同参数条件下的仿真策略"

仿真工况N/NR/mE/%V/(km·h-1
工况1

70、100、

130、160

12006140
工况270

500、1 200、

1 900、2 600

6140
工况3701 200

4、6

8、10

140
工况4701 2006

120、140、

160、180

图4

不同影响因素对侧向加速度的影响"

图5

不同影响因素对横摆角速度的影响"

表6

正交试验影响因素表"

影响因素制动力N圆曲线半径R超高E速度V
T11111
T21222
T31333
T41444
T52123
T62214
T72341
T82432
T93134
T103243
T113312
T123421
T134142
T144231
T154324
T164413

表7

基于侧向加速度的显著性分析"

因素平方和自由度均方F显著性
修正模型0.311a120.02618.3860.018
截距0.55710.557395.0660.000
制动力0.00930.0032.1720.270
圆曲线半径0.25630.08560.5840.003
道路超高0.00530.0021.1600.453
速度0.04130.0149.6290.048

表8

基于横摆角速度的显著性分析"

因素平方和自由度均方F显著性
修正模型107.268 a128.9397.8840.058
截距153.4501153.450135.3330.001
制动力5.04831.6831.4840.377
圆曲线半径88.291329.43025.9560.012
道路超高4.171301.3901.2260.435
速度9.75833.2532.8690.205

表9

基于侧向加速度模型摘要"

模型RR2调整后R标准估算的错误德宾-沃森
a=f()0.885a0.7840.7300.0752.051

表10

基于侧向加速度回归系数"

模型参数标准错误Betat容差VIF
常量0.055 6270.147 8410.37611
制动力0.000 1680.000 561-0.0400.30011
半径-0.000 1450.000 024-0.809-6.03111
速度0.002 2420.000 8420.3572.66411

表11

基于横摆角速度模型摘要"

模型RR调整后R标准估算的错误德宾-沃森
a=f()0.834 a0.6960.6201.6732.028

表12

基于横摆角速度回归系数"

模型参数标准错误Betat容差VIF
常量0.767 3573.286 3000.23411
制动力0.013 1250.012 4760.1671.05211
半径-0.002 5880.000 535-0.707-4.84111
速度0.032 2120.018 7141.7211.72111

表13

行车风险分析"

E/%N/NR/mV/(km·h-1a/(m·s-2ac/(m·s-2r/[(°)-1rc/[(°)-1行车风险
61206001403.0345.308.6安全
1803.9246.598.6临界
1 3001402.0143.498.6安全
1802.9144.788.6安全
2 0001401.0041.688.6安全
1801.8942.968.6安全
3506001403.4148.328.6临界
1804.3149.618.6危险
1 3001402.4046.518.6安全
1803.2947.808.6安全
2 0001401.3844.698.6安全
1802.2845.988.6安全
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