吉林大学学报(工学版) ›› 2025, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (8): 2570-2578.doi: 10.13229/j.cnki.jdxbgxb.20240501

• 材料科学与工程 • 上一篇    

复合细化变质处理ADC12铝合金的微观组织与力学性能

郑道友1,2(),杨依帆1,3,程煜刚1,3,赵葵4,王坤1,2,3(),王文权1,2   

  1. 1.浙江工贸职业技术学院 光电制造学院，浙江 温州 325002
    2.吉林大学 材料科学与工程学院，长春 130022
    3.兰州理工大学 材料科学与工程学院，兰州 730050
    4.温州瑞明工业股份有限公司，浙江 温州 325204
  • 收稿日期:2024-03-11 出版日期:2025-08-01 发布日期:2025-11-14
  • 通讯作者: 王坤 E-mail:zhengdaoyou@zjitc.edu.cn;wangkunccc@zjitc.edu.cn
  • 作者简介:郑道友（1976-），男，副教授，硕士. 研究方向：金属材料成型工艺. E-mail： zhengdaoyou@zjitc.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    吉林省科技厅创新平台和人才专项项目(20230508039RC);温州市重大科技创新攻关项目(ZG2022035);温州市重大科技创新攻关项目(ZG2023005)

Microstructures and mechanical properties of composite refined and modified ADC12 Al alloy

Dao-you ZHENG1,2(),Yi-fan YANG1,3,Yu-gang CHENG1,3,Kui ZHAO4,Kun WANG1,2,3(),Wen-quan WANG1,2   

  1. 1.College of Optoelectronic Manufacturing，Zhejiang Industry & Trade Vocational College，Wenzhou 325002，China
    2.School of Materials Science and Engineering，Jilin University，Changchun 130022，China
    3.School of Materials Science and Engineering，Lanzhou University of Technology，Lanzhou 730050，China
    4.Wenzhou Ruiming Industrial Co. ，Ltd. ，Wenzhou 325204，China
  • Received:2024-03-11 Online:2025-08-01 Published:2025-11-14
  • Contact: Kun WANG E-mail:zhengdaoyou@zjitc.edu.cn;wangkunccc@zjitc.edu.cn

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摘要：

本文采用Al-5Ti-1B（wt.%）中间合金细化剂与Al-10Ce（wt.%）中间合金变质剂对ADC12铝合金进行复合细化变质处理。利用X射线衍射（XRD）、光学显微镜（OM）、扫描电镜（SEM）和透射电镜（TEM）等表征方法分析了铝合金的物相结构、组织形貌、第二相的分布特征与界面结合特征，并测试了铝合金的拉伸性能与布氏硬度，建立了微观组织与力学性能的关联性。结果表明，经细化变质处理的ADC12铝合金的α-Al基体细化效果显著，共晶Si由粗糙的长针状转变为细小圆整的短棒状；添加0.75%AlTiB-0.75%Ce后，二次枝晶臂间距减小至11.4 μm，CeCu0.5Si1.5相在基体中弥散析出且CeCu0.5Si1.5稀土相与Mn4.6Fe0.4Si3富Si相界面结合良好；铝合金的抗拉强度、延伸率和布氏硬度分别为272.7 MPa，3.1%和87.7 HB，与原始态铝合金相比分别提高79.2%、287.5%和11.2%，综合力学性能可以适用于需要高强度免热处理铸造铝合金的压铸件需求，如制造汽车的发动机部件、变速箱壳体等。

关键词: 金属材料, ADC12铝合金, 复合细化变质, 微观组织, 力学性能

Abstract:

Al-5Ti-1B （wt.%） master alloy refiner and Al-10Ce （wt.%） master alloy modifier were used to composite refine and modify ADC12 Al alloy. The phase structures， microstructures， distribution characteristics of the second phases， and interfacial bonding characteristics of the Al alloy were analyzed by X-ray diffraction （XRD）， optical microscopy （OM）， scanning electron microscopy （SEM）， and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. The tensile properties and Brinell hardness of the Al alloy were also tested， and the correlation between microstructures and mechanical properties was established. The results showed that the refinement effect of α-Al matrix of ADC12 Al alloy after composite refinement and modification was remarkable， and the eutectic Si transformed from rough long needles to fine round short rods. After adding 0.75%AlTiB-0.75%Ce， the secondary dendrite arm spacing was reduced to11.4 μm， CeCu0.5Si1.5 phase was dispersed in the matrix and CeCu0.5Si1.5 rare earth phase was well boned with Mn4.6Fe0.4Si3 Si-rich phase at the interface. The tensile strength， elongation， and Brinell hardness of the Al alloy are 272.7 MPa， 3.1%， and 87.7 HB， respectively， which were increased by 79.2%， 287.5%， and 11.2% compared with as-received Al alloy. The comprehensive mechanical properties are applicable for die-casting requirements that need high-strength， heat treatment-free cast aluminum alloys， such as for manufacturing automotive engine parts， transmission casings， and similar components.

Key words: metallic materials, ADC12 Al alloy, composite refinement and modification, microstructure, mechanical property

中图分类号: 

  • TG223

表1

ADC12铝合金化学成分（wt.%）"

成分含量成分含量
Si10.33Sn0.015
Cu1.62Mn0.08
Mg0.195Pb0.042
Fe0.631Zn0.863
Ti0.021Al余量
Ni0.018Sn0.015

表2

复合细化变质试验成分组（wt.%）"

组别Al-5Ti-1B组别Ce
1011.5
20.521.0
30.7530.75
41.040.5
51.550

图1

复合细化变质ADC12铝合金的XRD分析"

图2

复合细化变质ADC12铝合金的金相组织"

图3

不同AlTiB和Ce含量对ADC12铝合金二次枝晶臂间距的影响"

图4

不同AlTiB和Ce含量对ADC12铝合金力学性能的影响"

图5

ADC12铝合金的断口形貌与EDS点扫描分析结果：（a）-（c） 原始态；（d）-（f） 0.75%AlTiB-0.75%Ce"

图6

MnFeSi相/CeCuSi相界面的暗场形貌与EDS-mapping分析"

图7

MnFeSi相/CeCuSi相界面的明场形貌与选区电子衍射分析"

图8

MnFeSi相/CeCuSi相界面的高分辨分析"

图9

第二相的位错强化作用"

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